Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:cond-mat/0505655 · Physical Review A

Fractional-filling Mott domains in two-dimensional optical superlattices

Pierfrancesco Buonsante, Vittorio Penna, A. Vezzani

Published Sep 15, 2005• 27 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Ultracold bosons in optical superlattices are expected to exhibit fractional-filling insulating phases for sufficiently large repulsive interactions. On strictly one-dimensional systems, the exact mapping between hard-core bosons and free spinless fermions shows that any periodic modulation in the lattice parameters causes the presence of fractional-filling insulator domains. Here, we focus on two recently proposed realistic two-dimensional structures where such mapping does not hold, i.e., the two-leg ladder and the trimerized kagom\'e lattice. Based on a cell strong-coupling perturbation technique, we provide quantitatively satisfactory phase diagrams for these structures, and give estimates for the occurrence of the fractional-filling insulator domains in terms of the intercell to intracell hopping amplitude ratio.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.72.031602

Related papers

Fractional-filling loophole insulator domains for ultracold bosons in optical superlattices

Pierfrancesco Buonsante, Vittorio Penna, A. Vezzani

The zero-temperature phase diagram of a Bose-Einstein condensate confined in realistic one-dimensional $\mathit{\ensuremath{\ell}}$-periodic optical superlattices is investigated. The system of interacting bosons is modeled in terms of a Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian whose site-dependent local potentials and hopping amplitudes reflect the periodicity of the lattice partition in $\mathit{\ensuremath{\ell}}$-site cells. Relying on the exact mapping between the hardcore limit of the boson Hamiltonian and the model of spinless noninteracting fermions, incompressible insulator domains are shown to exist for rational fillings that are predicted to be compressible in the atomic limit. The corresponding boundaries, qualitatively described in a multiple-site mean-field approach, are shown to exhibit an unusual loophole shape. A more quantitative description of the loophole domain boundaries at half filling for the special case $\mathit{\ensuremath{\ell}}=2$ is supplied in terms of analytic strong-coupling expansions and quantum Monte Carlo simulations.

arXiv:cond-mat/0407812•Physical Review A•Dec 23, 2004•54 citations

Cell strong-coupling perturbative approach to the phase diagram of ultracold bosons in optical superlattices

Pierfrancesco Buonsante, A. Vezzani

The phase diagram of ultracold bosons in realistic optical superlattices is addressed via second-order cell strong coupling perturbative expansions for the Bose-Hubbard model describing the system. Taking advantage of the cell partition inherent in the complex periodic modulation of a superlattice, this technique allows for the description of the unusual loophole-shaped insulator domains that may occur in the phase diagram of the system, unlike the standard perturbative approach. Furthermore, comparisons with quantum Monte Carlo simulations show that our approach provides quantitatively satisfactory results at a significantly lower computational cost than brute force numerical methods. We explicitly consider the phase diagrams for two realistic 3-periodic optical superlattices. These show that many insulator domains exhibit an unusual reentrant character, which we discuss, and suggest that the quantum phase transition relevant to the loophole-shaped insulating domains does not require extreme experimental condition in order to be observed.

arXiv:cond-mat/0503232•Physical Review A•Jul 25, 2005•31 citations

Phase diagram of hard-core bosons on clean and disordered two-leg ladders: Mott insulator–Luttinger liquid–Bose glass

François Crépin, Nicolas Laflorencie, Guillaume Roux +1 more

One-dimensional free fermions and hard-core bosons are often considered to be equivalent. Indeed, when restricted to nearest-neighbor hopping on a chain, the particles cannot exchange themselves, and therefore hardly experience their own statistics. Apart from the off-diagonal correlations which depend on the so-called Jordan-Wigner string, real-space observables are similar for free fermions and hard-core bosons on a chain. Interestingly, by coupling only two chains, thus forming a two-leg ladder, particle exchange becomes allowed and leads to a totally different physics between free fermions and hard-core bosons. Using a combination of analytical (strong coupling, field theory, renormalization group) and numerical (quantum Monte Carlo, density-matrix renormalization group) approaches, we study the apparently simple but nontrivial model of hard-core bosons hopping in a two-leg ladder geometry. At half filling, while a band insulator appears for fermions at large interchain hopping ${t}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}>2t$ only, a Mott gap opens up for bosons as soon as ${t}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\ne}0$ through a Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. Away from half filling, the situation is even more interesting since a gapless Luttinger liquid mode emerges in the symmetric sector with a nontrivial filling-dependent Luttinger parameter $1/2\ensuremath{\leqslant}{K}_{s}\ensuremath{\leqslant}1$. Consequences for experiments in cold atoms and spin ladders in a magnetic field, as well as disorder effects, are discussed. In particular, a quantum phase transition is expected at finite disorder strength between a one-dimensional superfluid and an insulating Bose glass phase.

arXiv:1103.5988•Physical Review B•Aug 9, 2011•64 citations

Hard-core bosons in a zig-zag optical superlattice

Arya Dhar, Tapan Mishra, Ramesh V. Pai +2 more

We study a system of hard-core bosons at half-filling in a one-dimensional optical superlattice. The bosons are allowed to hop to nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor sites. We obtain the ground-state phase diagram as a function of microscopic parameters using the finite-size density-matrix renormalization-group method. Depending on the sign of the next-nearest-neighbor hopping and the strength of the superlattice potential the system exhibits three different phases, namely the bond-order (BO) solid, the superlattice induced Mott insulator (SLMI), and the superfluid (SF) phase. When the signs of both hopping amplitudes are the same (the unfrustratedase), the system undergoes a transition from the SF to the SLMI at a nonzero value of the superlattice potential. On the other hand, when the two amplitudes differ in sign (the frustrated case), the SF is unstable to switching on a superlattice potential and also exists only up to a finite value of the next-nearest-neighbor hopping. This part of the phase diagram is dominated by the BO phase which breaks translation symmetry spontaneously even in the absence of the superlattice potential and can thus be characterized by a bond-order parameter. The transition from BO to SLMI appears to be first order.

arXiv:1307.4053•Physical Review A•Nov 21, 2013•20 citations

Fractional Mott insulator-to-superfluid transition of Bose–Hubbard model in a trimerized Kagomé optical lattice

Qi-Hui Chen, Peng Li, Haibin Su

By generalizing the traditional single-site strong coupling expansion approach to a cluster one, we study the zero-temperature phase diagram of bosonic atoms in a trimerized Kagomé optical lattice. Some new features are present in this system. Due to the strong intra-trimer hopping interaction, there will be a new Mott insulator (MI), which is by definition incompressible but with a fractional filling per trimer. This is different from the traditional MI, which has an integral filling and originates only from the repulsive interaction between particles. We investigate the MI-to-superfluid transition and the nature of the fractional MI by calculating the critical exponents of phase transitions and the low-lying energy excitation spectra of quasiparticles (quasihole). We will show how the low-energy properties of this system can be understood qualitatively as a Bose-Hubbard model in triangular lattice from the point of view of the cluster strong coupling expansion. We also discuss how our results are related to experiment by studying the Bragg spectroscopy.

Journal of Physics Condensed Matter•May 10, 2016•2 citations

Quantum phases of bosons in double-well optical lattices

Ippei Danshita, Jamie Williams, C. A. R. Sá de Melo +1 more

We study the superfluid and insulating phases of bosons in double-well optical lattices, and focus on the specific example of a two-legged ladder, which is currently accessible in experiments. We obtain the zero-temperature phase diagram using both mean-field and time-evolving block decimation techniques. We find that the mean-field approach describes the correct phase boundaries only when the intrachain hopping is sufficiently small in comparison to the on-site repulsion. We show the dependence of the phase diagram on the interchain hopping or tilt between double wells. We find that the Mott-insulator phase at unit filling exhibits a nonmonotonic behavior as a function of the tilt parameter, producing a reentrant phase transition between Mott insulator and superfluid phases. Finally, we determine the critical point separating the insulating and superfluid phases at commensurate fillings, where the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition occurs.

arXiv:0705.2732•Physical Review A•Oct 4, 2007•63 citations
Ultracold bosons in optical superlattices are expected to exhibit fractional-filling insulating phases for sufficiently large repulsive interactions. On strictly one-dimensional systems, the exact mapping between hard-core bosons and free spinless fermions shows that any periodic modulation in the lattice parameters causes the presence of fractional-filling insulator domains. Here, we focus on two recently proposed realistic two-dimensional structures where such mapping does not hold, i.e., the two-leg ladder and the trimerized kagom'e lattice. Based on a cell strong-coupling perturbation technique, we provide quantitatively satisfactory phase diagrams for these structures, and give estimates for the occurrence of the fractional-filling insulator domains in terms of the intercell to intracell hopping amplitude ratio.
The zero-temperature phase diagram of a Bose-Einstein condensate confined in realistic one-dimensional $\mathit{\ensuremath{\ell}}$-periodic optical superlattices is investigated. The system of interacting bosons is modeled in terms of a Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian whose site-dependent local potentials and hopping amplitudes reflect the periodicity of the lattice partition in $\mathit{\ensuremath{\ell}}$-site cells. Relying on the exact mapping between the hardcore limit of the boson Hamiltonian and the model of spinless noninteracting fermions, incompressible insulator domains are shown to exist for rational fillings that are predicted to be compressible in the atomic limit. The corresponding boundaries, qualitatively described in a multiple-site mean-field approach, are shown to exhibit an unusual loophole shape. A more quantitative description of the loophole domain boundaries at half filling for the special case $\mathit{\ensuremath{\ell}}=2$ is supplied in terms of analytic strong-coupling expansions and quantum Monte Carlo simulations.
The phase diagram of ultracold bosons in realistic optical superlattices is addressed via second-order cell strong coupling perturbative expansions for the Bose-Hubbard model describing the system. Taking advantage of the cell partition inherent in the complex periodic modulation of a superlattice, this technique allows for the description of the unusual loophole-shaped insulator domains that may occur in the phase diagram of the system, unlike the standard perturbative approach. Furthermore, comparisons with quantum Monte Carlo simulations show that our approach provides quantitatively satisfactory results at a significantly lower computational cost than brute force numerical methods. We explicitly consider the phase diagrams for two realistic 3-periodic optical superlattices. These show that many insulator domains exhibit an unusual reentrant character, which we discuss, and suggest that the quantum phase transition relevant to the loophole-shaped insulating domains does not require extreme experimental condition in order to be observed.
One-dimensional free fermions and hard-core bosons are often considered to be equivalent. Indeed, when restricted to nearest-neighbor hopping on a chain, the particles cannot exchange themselves, and therefore hardly experience their own statistics. Apart from the off-diagonal correlations which depend on the so-called Jordan-Wigner string, real-space observables are similar for free fermions and hard-core bosons on a chain. Interestingly, by coupling only two chains, thus forming a two-leg ladder, particle exchange becomes allowed and leads to a totally different physics between free fermions and hard-core bosons. Using a combination of analytical (strong coupling, field theory, renormalization group) and numerical (quantum Monte Carlo, density-matrix renormalization group) approaches, we study the apparently simple but nontrivial model of hard-core bosons hopping in a two-leg ladder geometry. At half filling, while a band insulator appears for fermions at large interchain hopping ${t}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}>2t$ only, a Mott gap opens up for bosons as soon as ${t}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\ne}0$ through a Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. Away from half filling, the situation is even more interesting since a gapless Luttinger liquid mode emerges in the symmetric sector with a nontrivial filling-dependent Luttinger parameter $1/2\ensuremath{\leqslant}{K}_{s}\ensuremath{\leqslant}1$. Consequences for experiments in cold atoms and spin ladders in a magnetic field, as well as disorder effects, are discussed. In particular, a quantum phase transition is expected at finite disorder strength between a one-dimensional superfluid and an insulating Bose glass phase.
We study a system of hard-core bosons at half-filling in a one-dimensional optical superlattice. The bosons are allowed to hop to nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor sites. We obtain the ground-state phase diagram as a function of microscopic parameters using the finite-size density-matrix renormalization-group method. Depending on the sign of the next-nearest-neighbor hopping and the strength of the superlattice potential the system exhibits three different phases, namely the bond-order (BO) solid, the superlattice induced Mott insulator (SLMI), and the superfluid (SF) phase. When the signs of both hopping amplitudes are the same (the unfrustratedase), the system undergoes a transition from the SF to the SLMI at a nonzero value of the superlattice potential. On the other hand, when the two amplitudes differ in sign (the frustrated case), the SF is unstable to switching on a superlattice potential and also exists only up to a finite value of the next-nearest-neighbor hopping. This part of the phase diagram is dominated by the BO phase which breaks translation symmetry spontaneously even in the absence of the superlattice potential and can thus be characterized by a bond-order parameter. The transition from BO to SLMI appears to be first order.
By generalizing the traditional single-site strong coupling expansion approach to a cluster one, we study the zero-temperature phase diagram of bosonic atoms in a trimerized Kagomé optical lattice. Some new features are present in this system. Due to the strong intra-trimer hopping interaction, there will be a new Mott insulator (MI), which is by definition incompressible but with a fractional filling per trimer. This is different from the traditional MI, which has an integral filling and originates only from the repulsive interaction between particles. We investigate the MI-to-superfluid transition and the nature of the fractional MI by calculating the critical exponents of phase transitions and the low-lying energy excitation spectra of quasiparticles (quasihole). We will show how the low-energy properties of this system can be understood qualitatively as a Bose-Hubbard model in triangular lattice from the point of view of the cluster strong coupling expansion. We also discuss how our results are related to experiment by studying the Bragg spectroscopy.
We study the superfluid and insulating phases of bosons in double-well optical lattices, and focus on the specific example of a two-legged ladder, which is currently accessible in experiments. We obtain the zero-temperature phase diagram using both mean-field and time-evolving block decimation techniques. We find that the mean-field approach describes the correct phase boundaries only when the intrachain hopping is sufficiently small in comparison to the on-site repulsion. We show the dependence of the phase diagram on the interchain hopping or tilt between double wells. We find that the Mott-insulator phase at unit filling exhibits a nonmonotonic behavior as a function of the tilt parameter, producing a reentrant phase transition between Mott insulator and superfluid phases. Finally, we determine the critical point separating the insulating and superfluid phases at commensurate fillings, where the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition occurs.