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arXiv:cond-mat/0411517

Shape resonances for ultracold atom gases in carbon nanotube waveguides

Vittorio Peano, Michael Thorwart, Christophe Mora, Reinhold Egger

Published Nov 19, 2004• 1 citation
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Abstract

We propose an experimentally viable setup for the realization of one-dimensional ultracold atom gases in a nanoscale magnetic waveguide formed by two doubly-clamped suspended carbon nanotubes. All common decoherence and atom loss mechanisms are shown to be small. We discuss general consequences of a non-parabolic confinement potential, in particular novel two-body shape resonances, which could be observed in this trap.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0411517

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We propose an experimentally viable setup for the realization of one-dimensional ultracold atom gases in a nanoscale magnetic waveguide formed by two doubly-clamped suspended carbon nanotubes. All common decoherence and atom loss mechanisms are shown to be small. We discuss general consequences of a non-parabolic confinement potential, in particular novel two-body shape resonances, which could be observed in this trap.
Abstract We propose an experimentally viable setup for the realization of one-dimensional ultracold atom gases in a nanoscale magnetic waveguide formed by single doubly-clamped suspended carbon nanotubes. We show that all common decoherence and atom loss mechanisms are small guaranteeing a stable operation of the trap. Since the extremely large current densities in carbon nanotubes are spatially homogeneous, our proposed architecture allows to overcome the problem of fragmentation of the atom cloud. Adding a second nanowire allows to create a double-well potential with a moderate tunneling barrier which is desired for tunneling and interference experiments with the advantage of tunneling distances being in the nanometer regime. 1
We solve the two-particle s-wave scattering problem for ultracold atom gases confined in arbitrary quasi-one-dimensional (1D) trapping potentials, allowing for two different atom species. As a consequence, the centre-of-mass and relative degrees of freedom do not factorize. We derive bound-state solutions and obtain the general scattering solution, which exhibits several resonances in the 1D scattering length induced by the confinement. We apply our formalism to two experimentally relevant cases: (i) interspecies scattering in a two-species mixture, and (ii) the two-body problem for a single species in a non-parabolic trap.
We have developed a method for treating ultracold pair collisions in confined geometry of tight atomic waveguides. With this approach we have predicted and analyzed a few novel resonant and multichannel effects induced by confining traps in ultracold atomic collisions. In this report we discuss our model yielding the shifts and widths of magnetic Feshbach resonances in tight atomic waveguides. We also briefly discuss a resonant mechanism of molecule formation in atomic traps with transferring the energy release to the center-of-mass excitation while forming molecule and dipolar confinement-induced resonances in waveguides. These results could potentially be used experimentally.
We investigate the possibility of trapping ultracold 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb atoms near the outside of a metallic carbon nanotube, which we imagine using as a miniaturized current-carrying wire. We calculate atomic spin-flip lifetimes and compare the strength of the Casimir-Polder potential with the magnetic trapping potential. Our analysis indicates that the Casimir-Polder force is the dominant loss mechanism, and we compute the minimum distance to the carbon nanotube at which the atoms can be trapped to be larger than 100nm100\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}100nm.
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We study inelastic processes in the hybrid quantum system constituted by a carbon nanotube (CNT) in contact with an ultracold quantum gas, such as a cloud of thermal atoms or a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). We present a parameter-free ab initio approach for the loss rate based on the underlying scattering process, considering the two-dimensional character of the system as well as the exact Casimir-Polder potential. The predicted loss rates are in perfect agreement with recent experimental results, obtained both for a thermal cloud of rubidium atoms and for a BEC. For the trap loss of a thermal cloud, we find that retardation effects become important and contribute significantly, which emphasises the crucial role of the exact interaction potential. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2013