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arXiv:cond-mat/0410471 · Physical Review B

Level coupled to a one-dimensional interacting reservoir: A density matrix renormalization group study

Miri Sade, Y. Weiss, Moshe Goldstein, Richard Berkovits

Published Apr 5, 2005• 21 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The influence of weak interactions in a reservoir coupled to a level on the width of the filling as a function of the chemical potential and the position of the level is studied. The density matrix renormalization group method is used to calculate the ground state of a finite-size interacting reservoir, linked to a single state dot. The influence of the interactions in the lead as well as dot-lead interactions is considered. It is found that interactions in the reservoir result in a decrease in the resonance width, while the dot-lead interaction has an opposite effect. These effects are explained within the random phase approximation as an effective change in the inverse compressibility of the reservoir, while the dot-lead interactions renormalize the position of the level.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.71.153301

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The influence of weak interactions in a reservoir coupled to a level on the width of the filling as a function of the chemical potential and the position of the level is studied. The density matrix renormalization group method is used to calculate the ground state of a finite-size interacting reservoir, linked to a single state dot. The influence of the interactions in the lead as well as dot-lead interactions is considered. It is found that interactions in the reservoir result in a decrease in the resonance width, while the dot-lead interaction has an opposite effect. These effects are explained within the random phase approximation as an effective change in the inverse compressibility of the reservoir, while the dot-lead interactions renormalize the position of the level.
Abstract The influence of nearest neighbor interactions in a reservoir coupled to a single level dot on the width of the level is studied, using the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method. We find that while in the Luttinger liquid (LL) phase of the lead (i.e., for weak interactions) the interactions cause a gradual decrease of the resonance width, in the charge density wave (CDW) phase (for strong interactions) the width is zero, and a sharp jump of the dot population occurs. We explain the physical difference between both cases. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A new application of the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method to a system composed of an interacting dot coupled to a infinite one dimensional lead is presented. This method enables one to study the influence of the coupling to an external lead on the thermodynamical properties of the dot. It is shown that this method reproduces known results for a non-interacting dot coupled to a lead, i.e., that for strong coupling discrete states remain in the dot. We show that these states are robust and do not disappear once interactions in the dot are considered. Moreover, due to these discrete states, Coulomb blockade affects the charging of the dot even though its strongly coupled to a lead.
We study dimensionality effects on the charge gap in the dimerized Hubbard model at quarter filling, with two approaches. First, we examine three chains coupled via the interchain one-particle hopping integral t b , by the density-matrix renormalization-group (DMRG) method. Next, we consider the d =1+ε dimensional model, using the perturbative renormalization-group (PRG) method. The dimensionality is controlled through t b and ε, respectively. Both approaches lead to the conclusion that, for a finite dimerization ratio, the charge gap decreases as the dimensionality increases.
Using a real-time renormalization group method we study the minimal model of a quantum dot dominated by charge fluctuations, the two-lead interacting resonant level model, at finite bias voltage. We develop a set of RG equations to treat the case of weak and strong charge fluctuations, together with the determination of power-law exponents up to second order in the Coulomb interaction. We derive analytic expressions for the charge susceptibility, the steady-state current, and the conductance in the situation of arbitrary system parameters, in particular away from the particle-hole symmetric point and for asymmetric Coulomb interactions. In the asymmetric situation we find that power laws can be observed for the current only as a function of the level position (gate voltage) but in general not as a function of the voltage except for extremely large voltages. Furthermore, we study the quench dynamics after sudden switch-on of the level-lead couplings. The time evolution of the dot occupation and current is governed by exponential relaxation accompanied by voltage-dependent oscillations and characteristic algebraic decay.
We investigate the application of the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) to the Hubbard model in momentum space. We treat the one-dimensional models with dispersion relations corresponding to nearest-neighbor hopping and 1/r1/r1/r hopping and the two-dimensional model with isotropic nearest-neighbor hopping. By comparing with the exact solutions for both one-dimensional models and with exact diagonalization in two dimensions, we first investigate the convergence of the ground-state energy. We find variational convergence of the energy with the number of states kept for all models and parameter sets. In contrast to the real-space algorithm, the accuracy becomes rapidly worse with increasing interaction and is not significantly better at half filling. We compare the results for different dispersion relations at fixed interaction strength over bandwidth and find that extending the range of the hopping in one dimension has little effect, but that changing the dimensionality from one to two leads to lower accuracy at weak-to-moderate interaction strength. In the one-dimensional models at half filling, we also investigate the behavior of the single-particle gap, the dispersion of spinon excitations, and the momentum distribution function. For the single-particle gap, we find that proper extrapolation in the number of states kept is important. For the spinon dispersion, we find that good agreement with the exact forms can be achieved at weak coupling if the large momentum-dependent finite-size effects are taken into account for nearest-neighbor hopping. For the momentum distribution, we compare with various weak-coupling and strong-coupling approximations and discuss the importance of finite-size effects as well as the accuracy of the DMRG.
We study the one-dimensional Anderson-Hubbard model using the density-matrix renormalization-group method. The influence of disorder on the Tomonaga- Luttinger liquid behavior is quantitatively discussed. Based on the finite-size scaling analysis of density-density correlation functions, we find the following results: (i) the charge exponent is significantly reduced by disorder at low filling and near half filling, (ii) the localization length decays as $\ensuremath{\xi}\ensuremath{\sim}{\ensuremath{\Delta}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$, where $\ensuremath{\Delta}$ is the disorder strength, independently of the on-site Coulomb interaction as well as band filling, and (iii) the localization length is strongly suppressed by the on-site Coulomb interaction near half filling in association with the formation of the Mott plateaus.