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arXiv:cond-mat/0402317 · Physical Review Letters

Slow Light in Degenerate Fermi Gases

Gediminas Juzeliūnas, Patrik Öhberg

Published Jul 14, 2004• 192 citations
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Abstract

We investigate the effect of slow light propagating in a degenerate atomic Fermi gas. In particular we use slow light with an orbital angular momentum. We present a microscopic theory for the interplay between light and matter and show how the slow light can provide an effective magnetic field acting on the electrically neutral fermions, a direct analogy of the free electron gas in an uniform magnetic field. As an example we illustrate how the corresponding de Haas-van Alphen effect can be seen in a gas of neutral atomic fermions.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.93.033602

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arXiv:0706.0477•Physical Review A•Nov 16, 2007•59 citations
We investigate the effect of slow light propagating in a degenerate atomic Fermi gas. In particular we use slow light with an orbital angular momentum. We present a microscopic theory for the interplay between light and matter and show how the slow light can provide an effective magnetic field acting on the electrically neutral fermions, a direct analogy of the free electron gas in an uniform magnetic field. As an example we illustrate how the corresponding de Haas-van Alphen effect can be seen in a gas of neutral atomic fermions.
We consider the influence of the control and probe beams in the electromagnetically induced transparency configuration on the mechanical motion of ultracold atomic gases (atomic Bose-Einstein condensates or degenerate Fermi gases). We carry out a microscopic analysis of the interplay between radiation and matter and show that the two beams of light can provide an effective magnetic field acting on electrically neutral atoms in the case where the probe beam has an orbital angular momentum. As an example, we demonstrate how a Meissner-like effect can be created in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate.
We investigate the dynamics of neutral fermions trapped in a one-dimensional ring. We construct an effective magnetic field in the ring using the adiabatic motion of dark states created by light beams carrying an orbital angular momentum. We illustrate the effect of the orbital angular momentum by looking at the induced mass current and show how the Aharonov–Bohm effect manifests itself in an atomic Fermi gas as a periodic mass current as a function of the optically induced artificial magnetic flux.
By rotating two-component fermionic atom gases in uniform magnetic field, a similar physical situation with de Haas-van Alphen effect is constructed. We calculate magnetic moment of the system and find that owing to an existence of effective magnetic field coming from the rotation, the magnetic moment also shows the oscillatory behavior about magnetic field, but it is completely different from the famous oscillation of de Haas-van Alphen effect. This distinction is due to that in the atomic gases the orbital motion of atom only couples to rotation and does not contribute to magnetic moment in the light of atomic charge neutrality.
We show that an analogue to the classical Einstein-de Haas effect can appear in ultracold dipolar Fermi gases. The anisotropic nature of dipole-dipole interactions can lead to a transfer of magnetization into orbital angular momentum. Remarkably, distinct from a Bose-Einstein condensate, this transfer is accompanied by twisting motion, where individual spin components rotate in opposite directions with larger orbital angular momenta than the full system, possibly leading to easier experimental observation of the effect. This feature is induced by the deformation of the Fermi surface and the direction of the twisting motion can be controlled by an s-wave scattering length or external magnetic field, possibly providing a method of measuring scattering lengths of strongly dipolar atomic species.
We consider the propagation of slow light with an orbital angular momentum (OAM) in a moving atomic medium. We have derived a general equation of motion and applied it in analyzing propagation of slow light with an OAM in a rotating medium, such as a vortex lattice. We have shown that the OAM of slow light manifests itself in a rotation of the polarization plane of linearly polarized light. To extract a pure rotational phase shift, we suggest to measure a difference in the angle of the polarization plane rotation by two consecutive light beams with opposite OAM. The differential angle $\ensuremath{\Delta}{\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{l}$ is proportional to the rotation frequency of the medium ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\text{rot}}$ and the winding number lll of light, and is inversely proportional to the group velocity of light. For slow light the angle $\ensuremath{\Delta}{\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{l}$ should be large enough to be detectable. The effect can be used as a tool for measuring the rotation frequency ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\text{rot}}$ of the medium.