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arXiv:cond-mat/0305174

Photoemission spectra of a two-dimensional S=1/2 quantum antiferromagnet in magnetic fields: a theoretical study

Wei‐Guo Yin, W. N. Mei

Published May 8, 2003• 0 citations
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Abstract

We calculate the angular resolved photoemission spectra (ARPES) of a spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet as a function of magnetic fields using both the exact diagonalization method and self-consistent Born approximation. Below the saturation field $B_C$, strong scattering between spin waves and a hole, created by photoemission of an electron, significantly narrows the quasiparticle band that is characterized by the lowering of the quasiparticle energy at $(π,π)$ with increasing field. Accordingly, in ARPES the quasiparticle peak gets shaper near $(π,π)$ and broader elsewhere. Furthermore, we observe that an anomalous extended van Hove region (EVHR) around $(π,π)$ appears in a half saturation field, while EVHRs around $(π,0)$ and $(0,π)$ in zero field gradually disappear with increasing field.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0305174

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We calculate the angular resolved photoemission spectra (ARPES) of a spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet as a function of magnetic fields using both the exact diagonalization method and self-consistent Born approximation. Below the saturation field BCB_CBC​, strong scattering between spin waves and a hole, created by photoemission of an electron, significantly narrows the quasiparticle band that is characterized by the lowering of the quasiparticle energy at (π,π)(π,π)(π,π) with increasing field. Accordingly, in ARPES the quasiparticle peak gets shaper near (π,π)(π,π)(π,π) and broader elsewhere. Furthermore, we observe that an anomalous extended van Hove region (EVHR) around (π,π)(π,π)(π,π) appears in a half saturation field, while EVHRs around (π,0)(π,0)(π,0) and (0,π)(0,π)(0,π) in zero field gradually disappear with increasing field.
We compute the spectral function of a spin S hole injected into a two-dimensional antiferromagnet or superconductor in the vicinity of a magnetic quantum critical point. We show that, near Van Hove singularities, the problem maps onto that of a static vacancy carrying excess spin S. The hole creation operator is characterized by a new boundary anomalous dimension and a vanishing quasiparticle residue at the critical point. We discuss possible relevance to photoemission spectra of cuprate superconductors near the antinodal points.
The angle-resolved photoemission spectra (ARPES) of the spin-1/2 Holstein model at non-half-filling are calculated by using the adiabatic approximation and the classical Monte Carlo method. It is found that in the metallic state, the spectra take broad Gaussians at the band bottom, while evolving to sharp Lorentzians near the Fermi level, commonly in one, two, and three dimensions. We justify that this evolution in ARPES is connected with an electronic state transition from quasi-localized ones to the extended ones due to the scattering of electrons with the static lattice distortion.
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) has revealed peculiar properties of mobile dopants in correlated antiferromagnets (AFMs). But, describing them theoretically, even in simplified toy models, remains a challenge. Here, we study ARPES spectra of a single mobile hole in the $t\ensuremath{-}J$ model. Recent progress in the microscopic description of mobile dopants allows us to use a geometric decoupling of spin and charge fluctuations at strong couplings, from which we conjecture a one-to-one relation of the one-dopant spectral function and the spectrum of a constituting spinon in the undoped parent AFM. We thoroughly test this hypothesis for a single hole doped into a two-dimensional Heisenberg AFM by comparing our semianalytical predictions to previous quantum Monte Carlo results and our large-scale time-dependent matrix product state calculations of the spectral function. Our conclusion is supported by a microscopic trial wave function describing spinon-chargon bound states, which captures the momentum and t/Jt/Jt/J dependence of the quasiparticle residue. From our conjecture we speculate that ARPES measurements in the pseudogap phase of cuprates may directly reveal the Dirac-fermion nature of the constituting spinons. Specifically, we demonstrate that our trial wave function provides a microscopic explanation for the sudden drop of spectral weight around the nodal point associated with the formation of Fermi arcs, assuming that additional frustration suppresses long-range AFM ordering. We benchmark our results by studying the crossover from two to one dimension, where spinons and chargons are confined and deconfined, respectively.
Using the self-consistent Born approximation, and the corresponding wave function of the magnetic polaron, we calculate the quasiparticle weight corresponding to destruction of a real electron (in contrast to creation of a spinless holon), as a function of wave vector for one hole in a generalized t-J model and the strong-coupling limit of a generalized Hubbard model. The results are in excellent agreement with those obtained by exact diagonalization of a sufficiently large cluster. Only the Hubbard weight compares very well with photoemission measurements in Sr2{\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}Sr2​CuO2{\mathrm{CuO}}_{2}CuO2​Cl2{\mathrm{Cl}}_{2}Cl2​.
The spectral weight A(p,\ensuremath{\omega}) of the two-dimensional t-J and Hubbard models has been calculated using exact diagonalization and quantum Monte Carlo techniques, at several densities 0.5\ensuremath{\le}〈n〉\ensuremath{\le}1.0. The photoemission (\ensuremath{\omega}0) region contains two dominant distinct features, namely a low-energy quasiparticle peak with bandwidth of order J, and a broad valence band peak at energies of order t. This behavior persists away from half-filling, as long as the antiferromagnetic correlations are robust. The results give support to theories of the copper oxide materials based on the behavior of holes in antiferromagnets, and they also provide theoretical guidance for the interpretation of experimental photoemission data for the cuprates.
The low energy photoemission spectra in quantum antiferromagnets are studied by using several approximation-free calculations and rigorous theorems. The important and measurable property found is that the hole eigenstates with momenta differing by the antiferromagnetic wave vector Q are equivalent and degenerate in energy. However, the corresponding eigenstates differ by the presence or the absence of a well-defined quasiparticle corresponding to a singular, zero-energy, magnon, carrying spin one and momentum Q. This difference between the two eigenstates affects dramatically the spectral weight as a function of the scattered momentum, since a sharp effect at the surface of the magnetic Brillouin zone is predicted, in apparent agreement with recent experimental data. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.