arXiv:cond-mat/0212244 · Physical Review Letters

Coexistence of s -Wave Superconductivity and Antiferromagnetism

M. Feldbacher, Fakher F. Assaad, F. Hébert, and G. G. Batrouni

Published Jul 31, 2003• 11 citations

Abstract

We study the phase diagram of a new model that exhibits a first order transition between s-wave superconducting and antiferromagnetic phases. The model, a generalized Hubbard model augmented with competing spin-spin and pair-pair interactions, was investigated using the projector quantum Monte Carlo method. Upon varying the Hubbard U from attractive to repulsive, we find a first order phase transition between superconducting and antiferromagnetic states.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.056401

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arXiv:cond-mat/0212244 · Physical Review Letters

Coexistence of s -Wave Superconductivity and Antiferromagnetism

M. Feldbacher, Fakher F. Assaad, F. Hébert, and G. G. Batrouni

Published Jul 31, 2003• 11 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

Abstract

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.056401

Related papers

Competing nodal d-wave superconductivity and antiferromagnetism: a Quantum Monte Carlo study

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Unconventional superconductors such as cuprates often host competing nodal superconductivity and antiferromagnetism. These systems are typically modeled as a repulsive Hubbard model whose unbiased simulation suffers from the fermion sign-problem at any non-zero doping. Here we will exploit the fact that neither of these phases, the nodal d-wave superconductor or the antiferromagnet, require any doping for their existence, and construct a sign-problem-free repulsive Hubbard model with an additional bosonic field which hosts both of these phases. Using Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations, supplemented with mean-field theory and continuum field-theory arguments, we find that it hosts three distinct phases: a nodal d-wave phase, an antiferromagnet, and an intervening phase which hosts coexisting antiferromagnetism and nodeless d-wave superconductivity. The transition from the coexisting phase to the antiferromagnet is described by the 2+1-D XY universality class, while the one from the coexisting phase to the nodal d-wave phase is described by the chiral Gross-Neveu-Heisenberg theory.Unconventional superconductors such as cuprates often host competing nodal superconductivity and antiferromagnetism. These systems are typically modeled as a repulsive Hubbard model whose unbiased simulation suffers from the fermion sign-problem at any non-zero doping. Here we will exploit the fact that neither of these phases, the nodal d-wave superconductor or the antiferromagnet, require any doping for their existence, and construct a sign-problem-free repulsive Hubbard model with an additional bosonic field which hosts both of these phases. Using Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations, supplemented with mean-field theory and continuum field-theory arguments, we find that it hosts three distinct phases: a nodal d-wave phase, an antiferromagnet, and an intervening phase which hosts coexisting antiferromagnetism and nodeless d-wave superconductivity. The transition from the coexisting phase to the antiferromagnet is described by the 2+1-D XY universality class, while the one from the coexisting phase to the nodal d-wave phase is described by the chiral Gross-Neveu-Heisenberg theory.

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ψ=\exp(-λK)P_Gψ_0

, where

ψ_0

is a one-particle state,

P_G

is the Gutzwiller operator,

K

is the kinetic operator, and

λ

is a variational parameter. The many-body effect plays an important role as an origin of spin correlation and superconductivity in correlated electron systems. We examine the competition between the antiferromagnetic state and superconducting state by varying the Coulomb repulsion

U

, the band parameter

t'

and the electron density

n_e

. We show a phase diagram that includes superconducting and antiferromagnetic phases and that

t'=0

is most favorable for superconductivity.

U

. However, the inclusion of a repulsive extended interaction

V

between fermions in nearest-neighbor orbitals induces a charge-ordered phase. For attractive interactions, we also identify superconducting and phase-separated phases. We have determined a complete phase diagram with the aid of structure factors associated with various orderings, combined with measurements of double occupancy and the average sign of fermionic determinants. We have established that the semimetallic phase forms a zone from which ordered phases are excluded, preventing the stabilization of a superconducting phase with

d

-wave symmetry, i.e., only

s

-wave pairing is allowed.

The interplay between antiferromagnetism and superconductivity is studied by using the three-dimensional nearly half-filled Hubbard model with anisotropic transfer matrices

{t}_{z}

and ${t}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}.$ The phase diagrams are calculated for varying values of the ratio ${r}_{z}{=t}_{z}{/t}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ using the spin fluctuation theory within the fluctuation-exchange approximation. The antiferromagnetic phase around the half-filled electron density expands while the neighboring phase of the anisotropic ${d}_{{x}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{y}^{2}}$-wave superconductivity shrinks with increasing

{r}_{z}.

For small

{r}_{z}

{T}_{c}

decreases slowly with increasing

{r}_{z}.

For moderate values of

{r}_{z}

we find a second order transition, with lowering temperature, from the ${d}_{{x}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{y}^{2}}$-wave superconducting phase to a phase where an incommensurate spin density wave (SDW) coexists with ${d}_{{x}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{y}^{2}}$-wave superconductivity. Resonance peaks discussed previously for two-dimensional (2D) superconductors are shown to survive in the ${d}_{{x}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{y}^{2}}$-wave superconducting phase of 3D systems. Soft components of the incommensurate SDW spin fluctuation mode grow as the coexistent phase is approached.