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arXiv:cond-mat/0207363 · Journal of Low Temperature Physics

Bose–Einstein Condensation of Indirect Excitons in Coupled Quantum Wells

G. M. Kavoulakis

Published Sep 1, 2003• 4 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1023/a:1024848516551

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arXiv:1206.0194•Physical Review B•Jul 10, 2012•23 citations
Summary form only given. In the dilute limit excitons behave as weakly interacting Bose particles and are expected to undergo the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). Because the exciton mass is very small at experimentally accessible exciton densities the critical temperature for exciton BEC should reach several Kelvins, i.e., about six orders of magnitude higher than the T/sub c/ for atom BEC. To create degenerate Bose-gas of excitons we propose quasi-2D gas of indirect excitons in coupled quantum wells (CQWs) which have two primary advantages for realizing a quantum degenerate exciton gas and, ultimately, the BEC-like phase transition: (i) the long lifetime of indirect excitons and (ii) the short exciton cooling time.
The experiments on Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of dipolar (spatially-indirect) excitons in the lateral traps in GaAs/AlGaAs Schottky-diode heterostructures with double and single quantum wells are presented. The condensed part of dipolar excitons under detection in the far zone is placed in k -space in the range which is almost two orders of magnitude less than thermal exciton wave vector. BEC occurs spontaneously in a reservoir of thermalized excitons. Luminescence images of Bose-condensate of dipolar excitons exhibit along perimeter of circular trap axially symmetrical spatial structures of equidistant bright spots which strongly depend on excitation power and temperature. By means of two-beam interference experiments with the use of cw and pulsed photoexcitation it was found that the state of dipolar exciton Bose-condensate is spatially coherent and the whole patterned luminescence configuration in real space is described by a common wave function.
The nonlinear dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of dipolar excitons trapped in an external confining potential in coupled quantum wells is analyzed. It is demonstrated that under typical experimental conditions the dipolar exciton BEC can be described by a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation with the local interaction between the excitons, which depends on the exciton distribution function. It is shown that, if the system is pumped at sufficiently high frequencies, a steady turbulent state can be formed.