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arXiv:cond-mat/0204020 · Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

Ground-State Phase Diagram of Frustrated Antiferromagnetic S = 1 Chain with Uniaxial Single-Ion-Type Anisotropy

Toshiya Hikihara

Published Jan 1, 2002• 15 citations
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Abstract

The ground-state phase diagram of a frustrated S=1 Heisenberg spin chain with uniaxial single-ion-type anisotropy is studied using the infinite-system density-matrix renormalization-group method. Particular attention is paid to "chiral" phases, in which the long-range order parameter is a vector chirality. It is found that, in addition to the Haldane, large-D (LD), and double-Haldane phases, the phase diagram includes three different chiral phases, i.e., the gapless chiral, chiral-Haldane, and chiral-LD phases. These chiral phases are distinguished from each other by the energy gap and the string long-range order.

DOI
10.1143/jpsj.71.319

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The ground-state phase diagram of a frustrated S=1 Heisenberg spin chain with uniaxial single-ion-type anisotropy is studied using the infinite-system density-matrix renormalization-group method. Particular attention is paid to "chiral" phases, in which the long-range order parameter is a vector chirality. It is found that, in addition to the Haldane, large-D (LD), and double-Haldane phases, the phase diagram includes three different chiral phases, i.e., the gapless chiral, chiral-Haldane, and chiral-LD phases. These chiral phases are distinguished from each other by the energy gap and the string long-range order.
The ground-state phase transitions of a frustrated S=1 Heisenberg chain with the uniaxial single-ion-type anisotropy and the frustrating next-nearest-neighbor coupling are studied. For the system, it has been shown that there are gapless and gapped chiral phases in which the chirality κ_l = S^x_l S^y_{l+1} - S^y_l S^x_{l+1} exhibits a finite long-range order (LRO) and the spin correlation decays either algebraically or exponentially. In this study, the transitions between the Haldane and chiral phase and between the large-D (LD) and chiral phase are investigated using the infinite-system density-matrix renormalization group method. It is found that there exist two types of gapped chiral phases, "chiral Haldane" and "chiral LD" phases, in which the string LRO coexists with the chiral LRO and the string correlation decays exponentially, respectively.
The ground-state phase transitions of a frustrated S = 1 Heisenberg chain with the uniaxial single-ion-type anisotropy and the frustrating next-nearest-neighbor coupling are studied. For the system, it has been shown that there are gapless and gapped chiral phases in which the chirality κl = Slx Syl+1 – Sly Sxl+1 exhibits a finite long-range order (LRO) and the spin correlation decays either algebraically or exponentially. In this study, the transitions between the Haldane and chiral phases and between the large-D (LD) and chiral phases are investigated using the infinite-system density-matrix renormalization group method. It is found that there exist two types of gapped chiral phases, "chiral Haldane" and "chiral LD" phases, in which the string LRO coexists with the chiral LRO and the string correlation decays exponentially, respectively. PACS No.: 75.30
The ground-state phase diagram of frustrated S=1 XXZ spin chains with the competing nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic couplings is studied using the infinite-system density-matrix renormalization-group method. We find six different phases, namely, the Haldane, gapped chiral, gapless chiral, double Haldane, Néel, and double Néel (uudd) phases. The gapped and gapless chiral phases are characterized by the spontaneous breaking of parity, in which the long-range order parameter is a chirality, κ_l = S_l^xS_{l+1}^y-S_l^yS_{l+1}^x, whereas the spin correlation decays either exponentially or algebraically. These chiral ordered phases appear in a broad region in the phase diagram for Δ< 0.95, where Δis an exchange-anisotropy parameter. The critical properties of phase transitions are also studied.
Ground-state properties of the spin-1 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain with bond alternation and uniaxial single-ion-type anisotropy, which is described by the Hamiltonian \({\cal H}_0 = \sum_{\ell=1}^N\{1-(-1)^\ell\alpha\}{\mib S}_\ell\cdot{\mib S}_{\ell+1} + D\sum_{\ell=1}^N\;(S_\ell^z)^2\) (0.0 ≤α≤1.0, -∞< D < ∞), are studied. An exact diagonalization method by means of the Lanczös technique is used. The ground-state phase diagram on the α versus D plane at the thermodynamic limit is determined by analyzing the Binder parameters associated with Néel order and z -direction string order for finite-size ( N = 6, 8, …, 16) chains. It is found that there exists a multicritical point at which the Haldane, Néel, and singlet-dimer phases meet and that the singlet-dimer phase and the large- D phase belong to the same unique phase. The ground-state magnetization curves at the thermodynamic limit for various values of α and D are obtained for the system described by the Hamiltonian, H 0 plus the Zeeman term - H ∑ ℓ=1 N S ℓ z . The results show that the 1/2-plateau appears in the magnetization curve at least when D ≥0.0 and 0.0≲α≤1.00.0\lesssim\alpha \leq 1.00.0≲α≤1.0.
The ground-state phase diagram of S=2S=2S=2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chains with coexisting uniform and alternating single-site anisotropies is investigated by the numerical exact diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group methods. We find the Haldane, large-DDD, Néel, period-doubled Néel, gapless spin fluid, quantized and partial ferrimagnetic phases. The Haldane phase is limited to the close neighborhood of the isotropic point. Within numerical accuracy, the transition from the gapless spin-fluid phase to the period-doubled Néel phase is a direct transition. Nevertheless, the presence of a narrow spin-gap phase between these two phases is suggested on the basis of the low-energy effective theory. The ferrimagnetic ground state is present in a wide parameter range. This suggests the realization of magnetized single-chain magnets with a uniform spin magnitude by controlling the environment of each magnetic ion without introducing ferromagnetic interactions.
The ground-state phase diagram of the frustrated spin-S XXZ chain with the competing nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic couplings is studied numerically by using the density-matrix renormalization-group method for the cases of S=1/2,S=1/2,S=1/2, 3/2,3/2,3/2, and 2.2.2. We are particularly interested in the possible gapless and gapped chiral phases, in which the chirality ${\ensuremath{\kappa}}_{l}{=S}_{l}^{x}{S}_{l+1}^{y}\ensuremath{-}{S}_{l}^{y}{S}_{l+1}^{x}$ exhibits a finite long-range order whereas the spin correlation decays either algebraically or exponentially. We show that the gapless chiral phase appears in a broad region of the phase diagram for general S. By contrast, the gapped chiral phase is found for integer S in a narrow region of the phase diagram, while it has not been identified for half-odd integer S within our numerical accuracy. By combining the results with our previous result for S=1,S=1,S=1, we discuss the S dependence of the phase diagram. The prediction from a bosonization analysis on the decay exponent of the spin correlation is verified.