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arXiv:cond-mat/0108114

Adiabaticity in Nonlinear Quantum Dynamics: Bose-Einstein Condensate in a Temporally-Varying Box

Y. B. Band, Boris A. Malomed, Marek Trippenbach

Published Aug 7, 2001• 0 citations
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Abstract

A simple model of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in a box whose size varies with time is studied to determine the nature of adiabaticity in the nonlinear dynamics obtained within the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (the nonlinear Schrödinger equation). Analytical and numerical methods are used to determine the nature of adiabaticity in this nonlinear quantum system. Criteria for validity of an adiabatic approximation are formulated.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0108114

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A simple model of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in a box whose size varies with time is studied to determine the nature of adiabaticity in the nonlinear dynamics obtained within the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (the nonlinear Schrödinger equation). Analytical and numerical methods are used to determine the nature of adiabaticity in this nonlinear quantum system. Criteria for validity of an adiabatic approximation are formulated.
A variational technique is applied to solve the time-dependent nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (Gross-Pitaevskii equation) with the goal to model the dynamics of dilute ultracold atom clouds in the Bose-Einstein condensed phase. We derive analytical predictions for the collapse, equilibrium widths, and evolution laws of the condensate parameters and find them to be in very good agreement with our numerical simulations of the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. It is found that not only the number of particles, but also both the initial width of the condensate and the effect of different perturbations to the condensate may play a crucial role in the collapse dynamics. The results are applicable when the shape of the condensate is sufficiently simple.
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The Gross-Pitaevskii equation, or more generally the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, models the Bose-Einstein condensates in a macroscopic gaseous superfluid wave-matter state in ultra-cold temperature. We provide analytical study of the NLS with L2 initial data in order to understand propagation of the defocusing and focusing waves for the BEC mechanism in the presence of electromagnetic fields. Numerical simulations are performed for the two-dimensional GPE with anisotropic quadratic potentials.
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