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arXiv:cond-mat/0105198

An echo of an exciting light pulse in quantum wells

I. G. Lang, L. I. Korovin, David Armando Contreras-Solorio, S. T. Pavlov

Published May 9, 2001• 0 citations
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Abstract

The non-sinusoidal character oscillations appear in the transmitted, reflected and absorbed light fluxes when light pulses irradiate a semiconductor quantum well (QW), containing a large number of the equidistant energy levels of electronic excitations. A damping echo of the exciting pulse appears through the time intervals $2π\hbar/ΔE$ in the case of the very short light pulses $γ_l^{-1}\ll\hbar/ΔE$.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0105198

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The non-sinusoidal character oscillations appear in the transmitted, reflected and absorbed light fluxes when light pulses irradiate a semiconductor quantum well (QW), containing a large number of the equidistant energy levels of electronic excitations. A damping echo of the exciting pulse appears through the time intervals 2πℏ/ΔE2π\hbar/ΔE2πℏ/ΔE in the case of the very short light pulses γl−1≪ℏ/ΔEγ_l^{-1}\ll\hbar/ΔEγl−1​≪ℏ/ΔE.
The reflected and transmitted energy flux corresponding to the linear response of a quantum well (QW) is calculated analytically for the cases of monochromatic and pulsed incident radiation normal to the QW plane. The light–matter interaction has been taken to all orders of perturbation theory, resulting in the appearance of radiative broadening in the expressions for the secondary fields. Three time scales determine the decay of the response after the pulse excitation while the quantum beats are superimposed on the exponentially decaying contributions at the frequency which (i) equals detuning from the electronic transition or (ii) corresponds to a characteristic excitation in the system.
Reflectance, transmittance and absorbance of a symmetric light pulse, the carrying frequency of which is close to the frequency of interband transitions in a quantum well, are calculated. Energy levels of the quantum well are assumed discrete, and two closely located excited levels are taken into account. The theory is applicable for the quantum wells of arbitrary widths when the size quantization is preserved. A distinction of refraction indices of barriers and quantum well is taken into account. In such a case, some additional reflection from the quantum well borders appears which changes essentially a shape of the reflected pulse in comparison to homogeneous medium. The reflection from the borders disappears at some definite ratios of the carrying frequency of the stimulating pulse and quantum well width.
It has been shown that the non-sinusoidal character oscillations appear in the transmitted, reflected and absorbed light fluxes when light pulses irradiate a semiconductor quantum well (QW), containing a set of a large number of the equidistant energy levels of electronic excitations. The oscillation amplitude is comparable to the flux values for the short pulses, duration of which γ_l^{-1} \leq \hbar/ΔE. A damping echo of the exciting pulse appears through the time intervals 2π\hbar/ΔE in the case of the very short light pulses γ_l^{-1}\ll \hbar/ΔE. Symmetrical and asymmetrical pulses with a sharp front have been considered. Our theory is applicable for the narrow QWs in a strong magnetic field, when the equidistant energy levels correspond to the electron-hole pairs with different Landau quantum numbers.