arXiv:cond-mat/0103577

On the Spin-Orbital Structure of the "Zero" Magnetization Spin-Precessing Modes of the Superfluid $^3He-B$

G. A. Kharadzé, N. G. Suramlishvili

Published Mar 28, 2001• 0 citations

Abstract

The spin-orbital configurations of the coherently precessing spin modes characterized by a small value of the magnetization $(M\ll M_{0}=χH_{0})$ is considered. Various regimes are analysed depending on the transverse rf-field strength

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0103577

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arXiv:cond-mat/0103577

On the Spin-Orbital Structure of the "Zero" Magnetization Spin-Precessing Modes of the Superfluid $^3He-B$ On the Spin-Orbital Structure of the "Zero" Magnetization Spin-Precessing Modes of the Superfluid $^3He-B$

G. A. Kharadzé, N. G. Suramlishvili

Published Mar 28, 2001• 0 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

Abstract

The spin-orbital configurations of the coherently precessing spin modes characterized by a small value of the magnetization

(M\ll M_{0}=χH_{0})

is considered. Various regimes are analysed depending on the transverse rf-field strength

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0103577

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Spin-Orbital Structure of the “Zero” Magnetization Spin-Precessing Modes of the Superfluid 3He-B

G. A. Kharadzé, N. G. Suramlishvili

Journal of Low Temperature PhysicsJan 1, 20021 citation

Stable Spin Precession at One Half of Equilibrium Magnetization in Superfluid 3 He-B

Vladimir V. Dmitriev, Ivan V. Kosarev, M. Krusius +3 more

New modes of spin precession have been observed in superfluid ${}^{3}\mathrm{He}\ensuremath{-}B$ with a precessing magnetization ${M\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}pM}_{\mathrm{eq}}$ , where $p\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1$ , $\frac{1}{2}$ , and $\ensuremath{\approx}0$. These dynamic order parameter states are the first examples of stable precession with a magnetization different from the equilibrium value ${M}_{\mathrm{eq}}$ . The $p\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\frac{1}{2}$ mode is the second example of a phase-coherent state of a spin superfluid. The new states can be excited close to ${T}_{c}$ in the range $1\ensuremath{-}T/{T}_{c}\ensuremath{\lesssim}0.02$ where dissipation is low and the energy barriers between the different local minima of the spin-orbit energy are small.New modes of spin precession have been observed in superfluid ${}^{3}\mathrm{He}\ensuremath{-}B$ with a precessing magnetization ${M\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}pM}_{\mathrm{eq}}$, where $p\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1$, $\frac{1}{2}$, and $\ensuremath{\approx}0$. These dynamic order parameter states are the first examples of stable precession with a magnetization different from the equilibrium value ${M}_{\mathrm{eq}}$. The $p\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\frac{1}{2}$ mode is the second example of a phase-coherent state of a spin superfluid. The new states can be excited close to ${T}_{c}$ in the range $1\ensuremath{-}T/{T}_{c}\ensuremath{\lesssim}0.02$ where dissipation is low and the energy barriers between the different local minima of the spin-orbit energy are small.

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Nonlinear spin precession has been observed in ${}^{3}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}\ensuremath{-}B$ in large counterflow of the normal and superfluid fractions. The new precessing state is stabilized at a high rf excitation level and displays frequency-locked precession over a large range of frequency shifts, with the magnitude of magnetization at its equilibrium value. Comparison to analytical and numerical calculation indicates that in this state the orbital angular momentum $\mathbf{L}$ of the Cooper pairs is oriented transverse to the external magnetic field in a ``non-Leggett'' configuration with broken spin-orbit coupling. The resonance shift depends on the tipping angle $\ensuremath{\theta}$ of the magnetization as $\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{L}=({\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{B}^{2}/2{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{L})(\mathrm{cos}\ensuremath{\theta}\ensuremath{-}1/5).$ The phase diagram of the precessing modes with arbitrary orientation of $\mathbf{L}$ is constructed.Nonlinear spin precession has been observed in ${}^{3}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}\ensuremath{-}B$ in large counterflow of the normal and superfluid fractions. The new precessing state is stabilized at a high rf excitation level and displays frequency-locked precession over a large range of frequency shifts, with the magnitude of magnetization at its equilibrium value. Comparison to analytical and numerical calculation indicates that in this state the orbital angular momentum $\mathbf{L}$ of the Cooper pairs is oriented transverse to the external magnetic field in a ``non-Leggett'' configuration with broken spin-orbit coupling. The resonance shift depends on the tipping angle $\ensuremath{\theta}$ of the magnetization as $\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{L}=({\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{B}^{2}/2{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{L})(\mathrm{cos}\ensuremath{\theta}\ensuremath{-}1/5).$ The phase diagram of the precessing modes with arbitrary orientation of $\mathbf{L}$ is constructed.

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Homogeneous spin precession in rotating vortex-free He3 -B: Measurement of the superfluid density anisotropy

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In transverse NMR at high rf excitation, it is possible to separate a $^{3}\mathit{B}$ sample into two magnetic domains. In one domain the spins are precessing coherently with a large tilting angle in relation to the polarizing magnetic field while in the other they are stationary and oriented parallel to the field. We have studied the two-domain system during vortex-free rotation and found that the boundary region between the precessing and static domains is sensitive to superfluid counterflow, flowing parallel to the boundary. The volume of the precessing domain decreases and the NMR absorption, associated with spin diffusion across the boundary, increases. The shift of the domain boundary is analyzed in terms of the competition between the kinetic energy of counterflow and the gradient in the Zeeman energy. From the shift we obtain the superfluid density anisotropy, induced by the magnetic field. A calculation in the weak-coupling approximation explains only half of the measured ansiotropy at low pressures. At high pressures the discrepancy is smaller.In transverse NMR at high rf excitation, it is possible to separate a $^{3}\mathit{B}$ sample into two magnetic domains. In one domain the spins are precessing coherently with a large tilting angle in relation to the polarizing magnetic field while in the other they are stationary and oriented parallel to the field. We have studied the two-domain system during vortex-free rotation and found that the boundary region between the precessing and static domains is sensitive to superfluid counterflow, flowing parallel to the boundary. The volume of the precessing domain decreases and the NMR absorption, associated with spin diffusion across the boundary, increases. The shift of the domain boundary is analyzed in terms of the competition between the kinetic energy of counterflow and the gradient in the Zeeman energy. From the shift we obtain the superfluid density anisotropy, induced by the magnetic field. A calculation in the weak-coupling approximation explains only half of the measured ansiotropy at low pressures. At high pressures the discrepancy is smaller.

Physical review. B, Condensed matterDec 1, 199216 citations

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Pavel Krotkov, V. P. Mineev

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical PhysicsOct 1, 19980 citations

On the Spin-Orbital Structure of the "Zero" Magnetization Spin-Precessing Modes of the Superfluid

^3He-B

The spin-orbital configurations of the coherently precessing spin modes characterized by a small value of the magnetization

(M\ll M_{0}=χH_{0})

is considered. Various regimes are analysed depending on the transverse rf-field strength

New modes of spin precession have been observed in superfluid ${}^{3}\mathrm{He}\ensuremath{-}B$ with a precessing magnetization

{M\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}pM}_{\mathrm{eq}}

, where

p\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1

\frac{1}{2}

, and $\ensuremath{\approx}0$. These dynamic order parameter states are the first examples of stable precession with a magnetization different from the equilibrium value

{M}_{\mathrm{eq}}

. The

p\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\frac{1}{2}

mode is the second example of a phase-coherent state of a spin superfluid. The new states can be excited close to

{T}_{c}

in the range $1\ensuremath{-}T/{T}_{c}\ensuremath{\lesssim}0.02$ where dissipation is low and the energy barriers between the different local minima of the spin-orbit energy are small.

\mathbf{L}

of the Cooper pairs is oriented transverse to the external magnetic field in a ``non-Leggett'' configuration with broken spin-orbit coupling. The resonance shift depends on the tipping angle $\ensuremath{\theta}$ of the magnetization as $\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{L}=({\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{B}^{2}/2{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{L})(\mathrm{cos}\ensuremath{\theta}\ensuremath{-}1/5).$ The phase diagram of the precessing modes with arbitrary orientation of

\mathbf{L}

is constructed.

In transverse NMR at high rf excitation, it is possible to separate a

^{3}\mathit{B}

sample into two magnetic domains. In one domain the spins are precessing coherently with a large tilting angle in relation to the polarizing magnetic field while in the other they are stationary and oriented parallel to the field. We have studied the two-domain system during vortex-free rotation and found that the boundary region between the precessing and static domains is sensitive to superfluid counterflow, flowing parallel to the boundary. The volume of the precessing domain decreases and the NMR absorption, associated with spin diffusion across the boundary, increases. The shift of the domain boundary is analyzed in terms of the competition between the kinetic energy of counterflow and the gradient in the Zeeman energy. From the shift we obtain the superfluid density anisotropy, induced by the magnetic field. A calculation in the weak-coupling approximation explains only half of the measured ansiotropy at low pressures. At high pressures the discrepancy is smaller.