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arXiv:cond-mat/0001072 · Physical review. B, Condensed matter

Composite pairings in chirally stabilized critical fluids

P. Azaria, P. Lecheminant

Published Jul 1, 2000• 7 citations
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Abstract

We study a one-dimensional electron gas in a special antiferromagnetic environment made by two spin-1/2 Heisenberg chains and a one-dimensional two-channel Kondo-Heisenberg lattice away from half-filling. These models flow to an intermediate fixed point which belongs to the universality class of chirally stabilized liquids. Using a Toulouse point approach, the universal properties of the models are determined as well as the identification of the leading instabilities. It is shown that these models exhibit a non-Fermi-liquid behavior with strong enhanced composite pairing correlations.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.62.61

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We study a one-dimensional electron gas in a special antiferromagnetic environment made by two spin-1/2 Heisenberg chains and a one-dimensional two-channel Kondo-Heisenberg lattice away from half-filling. These models flow to an intermediate fixed point which belongs to the universality class of chirally stabilized liquids. Using a Toulouse point approach, the universal properties of the models are determined as well as the identification of the leading instabilities. It is shown that these models exhibit a non-Fermi-liquid behavior with strong enhanced composite pairing correlations.
We study a class of one-dimensional models consisting of a frustrated (N+1)-leg spin ladder, its asymmetric doped version as a special example of a Luttinger liquid in an active environment, and the N-channel Kondo-Heisenberg model away from half-filling. It is shown that these models exhibit a critical phase with generally a non-integer central charge and belong to the class of chirally stabilized spin liquids recently introduced by Andrei, Douglas, and Jerez [Phys. Rev. B 58, 7619 (1998)]. By allowing anisotropic interactions in spin space, an exact solution in the N=2 case is found at a Toulouse point which captures all universal properties of the models. At the critical point, the massless degrees of freedom are described in terms of an effective S=1/2 Heisenberg spin chain and two critical Ising models. The Toulouse limit solution enables us to discuss the spectral properties, the computation of the spin-spin correlation functions as well as the estimation of the NMR relaxation rate of the frustrated three-leg ladder. Finally, it is shown that the critical point becomes unstable upon switching on some weak backscattering perturbations in the frustrated three-leg ladder.
We study a model of three S=1/2S=1/2S=1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin chains weakly coupled by on-rung and plaquette-diagonal interchain interactions. It is shown that the model exhibits a critical phase with central charge C=2C=2C=2 and belongs to the class of ``chirally stabilized'' liquids recently introduced by Andrei, Douglas, and Jerez. By allowing anisotropic interactions in spin space, we find an exact solution at a Toulouse point which captures all universal properties of the model, including the SU(2) symmetric case. At this critical point the massless degrees of freedom are described in terms of an effective S=1/2S=1/2S=1/2 Heisenberg spin chain and two critical Ising models. We discuss the spectral properties of the model, compute spin-spin correlation functions, and estimate the NMR relaxation rate.
We determine exactly the fixed point Hamiltonian of the one-dimensional multichannel Kondo-Heisenberg lattice model for any number of channels N> 2.N>~2.N> 2. It is found to belong to a new class of non-Fermi-liquid fixed points, different from the usual Luttinger or Luther-Emery liquids. The fixed point describes an anomalous singlet with nontrivial internal dynamics manifesting itself in unconventional order. We compute the correlation functions of the various conventional and composite order parameters of the system, and find that for N< 4N<~4N< 4 the composite order parameters induce the dominant instabilities.
We present a one-dimensional model of electrons coupled to localized moments of spin S> 1S>~1S> 1 in which magnetism and superconductivity interplay in a nontrivial manner. This model has a non-Fermi-liquid ground state of the chiral spin liquid type. An unconventional odd-frequency pairing is shown to be the dominant instability of the system, together with antiferromagnetism of the local moments. We argue that this model captures the physics of the Kondo-Heisenberg spin S=1S=1S=1 chain, in the limit of strong Kondo coupling. Finally, we discuss briefly the effect of interchain coupling.
We study models of chiral interacting fermions by means of conformal and Bethe-Ansatz techniques, and determine their thermodynamic properties and asymptotic correlation functions. We identify a class of fixed points characterizing the infrared behavior of the models. They display {\it chirally stabilized} non Fermi-Liquid behavior characterized by universal exponents. A realization of these fluids may be found in the edge states of bilayered QHE systems. We calculate the universal temperature dependence of the staggered conductance in these systems.
Motivated by the recent discovery of an intermediate quantum critical phase between the antiferromagnetic order and the Fermi liquid in the frustrated Kondo lattice CePdAl, we study here a Kondo-Heisenberg chain with frustrated ${J}_{1}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{J}_{2}$ XXZ interactions among local spins using the density matrix renormalization group method. Our simulations reveal a global phase diagram with rich ground states including the antiferromagnetic order, the valence-bond-solid and bond-order-wave orders, the pair density wave state, the uniform superconducting state, and the Luttinger liquid state. We show that both the pair density wave and uniform superconductivity belong to the family of Luther-Emery liquids and may arise from pair instability of an intermediate quantum critical phase with medium Fermi volume in the presence of strong quantum fluctuations, while the Luttinger liquid has a large Fermi volume. Our work provides a comprehensive picture of the frustrated Kondo lattice physics at one dimension, and suggests a deep connection between the pair density wave, the unconventional superconductivity, and the non-Fermi liquid quantum critical phase.