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中国物理B：英文版

Characterization of spectral hole depth in Tm^3＋ ：YAG within the cryogenic temperature range

Lei Chen, 马秀荣, Wei Wang, 张双根, 穆宽林, 王夏洋, 张世宇

Published Jan 1, 2013• 0 citations
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Abstract

In this paper,spectral hole depth dependence on temperature below 10 K in Tm3+:YAG crystal is investigated in detail.A novel model is proposed to analyze the temperature dependence on the spectral hole.By using the proposed model,we theoretically deduce the temperature dependence of spectral hole depth.The results are compared with experimental results and they are in good agreement.According to the theoretic results,the optimum temperature in experiment can be found.

Related papers

Characterization of spectral hole depth in Tm3+:YAG within the cryogenic temperature range

Lei Chen, Xiurong Ma, Wei Wang +4 more

In this paper, spectral hole depth dependence on temperature below 10 K in Tm 3+ :YAG crystal is investigated in detail. A novel model is proposed to analyze the temperature dependence on the spectral hole. By using the proposed model, we theoretically deduce the temperature dependence of spectral hole depth. The results are compared with experimental results and they are in good agreement. According to the theoretic results, the optimum temperature in experiment can be found.

Chinese Physics B•Jun 1, 2013•1 citation

Temperature dependence of spectral hole in Tm3+: YAG crystal

Shuanggen Zhang, Xiurong Ma, Lei Chen +2 more

Spectral hole characteristics of Tm3+: YAG under cryogenic temperature was studied. Higher temperature broadens hole width exponentially while leads to hole depth decay, and spectral hole disappeared above 11.2 K. Measurement confirms the prediction.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Aug 21, 2014•0 citations

Characteristics of spectral-hole burning in Tm 3+ :YAG based on the perturbation theory

Shiyu Zhang, Xiurong Ma, Shuanggen Zhang +4 more

In this paper, the physical mechanism of the interaction between electromagnetic wave and spectral-hole burning crystal material is investigated in detail. In the small signal regime, a perturbation theory model is used to analyze the mechanism of spectral-hole burning. By solving the Liouville equation, three-order perturbation results are obtained. From the theoretic analysis, spectral-hole burning can be interpreted as a photon echo of the zero-order diffraction echo when the first optical pulse and the second optical pulse are overlapped in time. According to the model, the spectral-hole width is dependent on the chirp rate of the reading laser. When the chirp rate is slow with respect to the spectral features of interest, the spectral hole is closely mapped into time domain. For a fast chirp rate, distortions are observed. The results follow Maxwell—Bloch model and they are also in good agreement with the experimental results.

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Comparison of Yb3+: YAP with Yb3+: YAG cooling crystals

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Abstract YAlO 3 (YAP) shows lower phonon energy than Y 3 Al 5 O 12 (YAG), which implies a lower temperature can be obtained in Yb 3+ -doped YAP according to the single-frequency phonon model. Here, a 2% Yb 3+ : YAP crystal was refrigerated by anti-Stokes fluorescence and compared to YAG crystal with the same doping concentration in experiments. Yb 3+ exhibited a broad spectral cooling range in YAP from 1020nm to 1070nm, which was broader than in YAG from 1020 nm to 1055 nm. A minimum achievable temperature (MAT) dropped to ~ 249.7 K at 1040 nm for Yb 3+ : YAP, which was lower than that of ~ 259.3 K obtained in 2% Yb 3+ : YAG. Further analysis predicted that the cooling limit of two crystals can reach ~167 K for Yb 3+ : YAP and ~171 K for Yb 3+ : YAG from room temperature. This work exhibited the excellent cooling properties of Yb 3+ : YAP compared with Yb 3+ : YAG in experiment and provided a unique perspective for the practical application of high-power Radiation balance lasers (RBLs).

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10GHz Bandwidth rf spectral analyzer with megahertz resolution based on spectral-spatial holography in Tm^3+:YAG: experimental and theoretical study

Guillaume Gorju, Adrien Chauve, Vincent Crozatier +3 more

Different architectures of rf spectral analyzers based on the spectral photography scheme in spectral-hole-burning materials are theoretically and experimentally investigated. The microscopic atomic response for the recording and reading of the rf spectra and taking into account the spatial extension of the beams is calculated for different analyzer configurations. The spectral resolution and the signal-to-noise ratio of the analyzer are derived. These predictions are experimentally tested using spectral-hole burning in Tm3+:YAG for a couple of configurations and sizes of the beams. In each case, the resolution, linear dynamic range, and bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer are determined.

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Optical decoherence studies of Tm3+:Y3Ga5O12

Charles W. Thiel, Neil E. Sinclair, Wolfgang Tittel +1 more

Decoherence of the 795 nm $^{3}\mathrm{H}{}_{6}$ to $^{3}\mathrm{H}{}_{4}$ transition in $1%{\mathrm{Tm}}^{3+}:{\mathrm{Y}}_{3}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{5}{\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ (Tm:YGG) is studied at temperatures as low as 1.2 K. The temperature, magnetic field, frequency, and time scale (spectral diffusion) dependence of the optical coherence lifetime is measured. Our results show that the coherence lifetime is impacted less by spectral diffusion than other known thulium-doped materials. Photon echo excitation and spectral hole burning methods reveal uniform decoherence properties and the possibility to produce full transparency for persistent spectral holes across the entire 56 GHz inhomogeneous bandwidth of the optical transition. Temperature-dependent decoherence is well described by elastic Raman scattering of phonons with an additional weaker component that may arise from a low density of glass-like dynamic disorder modes (two-level systems). Analysis of the observed behavior suggests that an optical coherence lifetime approaching 1 ms may be possible in this system at temperatures below 1 K for crystals grown with optimized properties. Overall, we find that Tm:YGG has superior decoherence properties compared to other Tm-doped crystals and is a promising candidate for applications that rely on long coherence lifetimes, such as optical quantum memories and photonic signal processing.

arXiv:1410.6096•Physical Review B•Dec 1, 2014•21 citations
In this paper,spectral hole depth dependence on temperature below 10 K in Tm3+:YAG crystal is investigated in detail.A novel model is proposed to analyze the temperature dependence on the spectral hole.By using the proposed model,we theoretically deduce the temperature dependence of spectral hole depth.The results are compared with experimental results and they are in good agreement.According to the theoretic results,the optimum temperature in experiment can be found.
In this paper, the physical mechanism of the interaction between electromagnetic wave and spectral-hole burning crystal material is investigated in detail. In the small signal regime, a perturbation theory model is used to analyze the mechanism of spectral-hole burning. By solving the Liouville equation, three-order perturbation results are obtained. From the theoretic analysis, spectral-hole burning can be interpreted as a photon echo of the zero-order diffraction echo when the first optical pulse and the second optical pulse are overlapped in time. According to the model, the spectral-hole width is dependent on the chirp rate of the reading laser. When the chirp rate is slow with respect to the spectral features of interest, the spectral hole is closely mapped into time domain. For a fast chirp rate, distortions are observed. The results follow Maxwell—Bloch model and they are also in good agreement with the experimental results.
Abstract YAlO 3 (YAP) shows lower phonon energy than Y 3 Al 5 O 12 (YAG), which implies a lower temperature can be obtained in Yb 3+ -doped YAP according to the single-frequency phonon model. Here, a 2% Yb 3+ : YAP crystal was refrigerated by anti-Stokes fluorescence and compared to YAG crystal with the same doping concentration in experiments. Yb 3+ exhibited a broad spectral cooling range in YAP from 1020nm to 1070nm, which was broader than in YAG from 1020 nm to 1055 nm. A minimum achievable temperature (MAT) dropped to ~ 249.7 K at 1040 nm for Yb 3+ : YAP, which was lower than that of ~ 259.3 K obtained in 2% Yb 3+ : YAG. Further analysis predicted that the cooling limit of two crystals can reach ~167 K for Yb 3+ : YAP and ~171 K for Yb 3+ : YAG from room temperature. This work exhibited the excellent cooling properties of Yb 3+ : YAP compared with Yb 3+ : YAG in experiment and provided a unique perspective for the practical application of high-power Radiation balance lasers (RBLs).
Different architectures of rf spectral analyzers based on the spectral photography scheme in spectral-hole-burning materials are theoretically and experimentally investigated. The microscopic atomic response for the recording and reading of the rf spectra and taking into account the spatial extension of the beams is calculated for different analyzer configurations. The spectral resolution and the signal-to-noise ratio of the analyzer are derived. These predictions are experimentally tested using spectral-hole burning in Tm3+:YAG for a couple of configurations and sizes of the beams. In each case, the resolution, linear dynamic range, and bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer are determined.
Decoherence of the 795 nm 3H6^{3}\mathrm{H}{}_{6}3H6​ to 3H4^{3}\mathrm{H}{}_{4}3H4​ transition in 11%{\mathrm{Tm}}^{3+}:{\mathrm{Y}}_{3}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{5}{\mathrm{O}}_{12}1 (Tm:YGG) is studied at temperatures as low as 1.2 K. The temperature, magnetic field, frequency, and time scale (spectral diffusion) dependence of the optical coherence lifetime is measured. Our results show that the coherence lifetime is impacted less by spectral diffusion than other known thulium-doped materials. Photon echo excitation and spectral hole burning methods reveal uniform decoherence properties and the possibility to produce full transparency for persistent spectral holes across the entire 56 GHz inhomogeneous bandwidth of the optical transition. Temperature-dependent decoherence is well described by elastic Raman scattering of phonons with an additional weaker component that may arise from a low density of glass-like dynamic disorder modes (two-level systems). Analysis of the observed behavior suggests that an optical coherence lifetime approaching 1 ms may be possible in this system at temperatures below 1 K for crystals grown with optimized properties. Overall, we find that Tm:YGG has superior decoherence properties compared to other Tm-doped crystals and is a promising candidate for applications that rely on long coherence lifetimes, such as optical quantum memories and photonic signal processing.