Quantum-Enhanced Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics (QENET) presents a novel theoretical framework for investigating complex thermodynamic phenomena, specifically focusing on non-equilibrium systems. This work proposes a new approach leveraging quantum mechanics to predict and control phase transitions and critical phenomena. The core mechanism centers around the application of quantum entanglement and superposition to model the dynamic evolution of a system from a non-equilibrium state. We argue that incorporating quantum effects into thermodynamics offers a significant departure from classical models, potentially unlocking new insights into fundamental properties of matter and systems. This research utilizes a dynamically evolving quantum state representation to capture the intricate interplay between quantum entanglement and macroscopic thermodynamic behavior. This approach will demonstrate the capability to predict and manipulate phase transitions and critical phenomena through the judicious application of quantum principles.
This thesis is a study of non-equilibrium phenomena in quantum systems. Emphasis is given to the recently derived non-equilibrium fluctuation theorems, which relate the non-equilibrium response of a system to its equilibrium thermodynamic properties. We investigate the validity and importance of these theorems, from both a theoretical and experimental perspective, in systems ranging from a single atom to an ensemble of interacting particles. We also investigate the potential role of quantum dynamics in biological processes.