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NATO ASI series. Series B : Physics

E.P.R.-Type Experiments and Enhanced Photon Detection

Augusto Garuccio

Published Jan 1, 1987• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-1-4684-5386-7_10

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Direct optical analogs of (two-dimensional) NMR experiments require detection of the phase of a coherence induced by a (series of) laser pulses, which is difficult [1]. Recently it was demonstrated that by using a phase coherent pulse pair created by an acousto optic pulse shaper (AOPS), this phase information can be detected conveniently and fast. [2, 3] This technique was demonstrated on the one-photon transitions in Rubidium [3]. The same technique can be used to detect a coherence that is induced by two photons simultaneously [4], as we demonstrate experimentally by detecting the two-photon free induction decay (TPFID) of Rb and coumarin. Since the two-photon transition in Rb is resonance enhanced, several types of coherences are induced in the two-photon process. An AOPS allows a separation of these types of coherences, and has potential advantages for suppressing scattered light.
Quantum radar, also known as quantum illumination, is a type of quantum-sensing protocol for detecting noncooperative targets hidden in noisy environments. Recently, considerable research efforts have been focused on optimizing quantum illumination via conditional photon-detection methods, such as photon subtraction and photon catalysis of the entanglement source. However, to date, almost none of these studies have considered the probability of successful detection of nonzero photons. Often, the probability of conditional nonzero photon detection is extremely low, which may negate the advantage of conditional measurements in a quantum radar. In this paper, we propose enhancing the performance of quantum radars using zero-photon subtraction (ZPS), where no physical photons are subtracted from a given optical system. We demonstrate that the probability of ZPS is one or two orders of magnitude higher than that of nonzero photon detection. Our results show that ZPS helps enhance the performance of quantum radars, even when the probability of photon detection is considered. Moreover, in this paper, we consider a more realistic quantum radar in which target detection is performed using amplitude-damped quantum entanglement, which is more commonly used in the preparation of quantum entanglement in radar transmitters. This means that ZPS is a more efficient conditional photon-detection method for quantum illumination, providing a more robust scheme for developing future quantum radars.