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原子与分子物理学报

The scattering lengths for alkali-metal atoms

WULi-jin

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The eollision of alkali-metal atoms at ultralow temperatures have been studied, The .Scattering lengths and the effective range are calculated for ^7Li, ^23Na, ^39K, ^87Rb, and ^133Cs.

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This thesis reports on calculations of the scattering properties of a variety of ultracold alkali-metal mixtures. In particular, we have calculated the scattering properties of homonuclear mixtures of 85Rb, in a variety of incoming channels, and we have calculated the properties of heteronuclear mixtures of the isotopologues of Rb and Cs, and K and Cs. In general, we are interested in the location and character of Feshbach resonances in these mixtures with a view towards ultracold molecule formation. In 85Rb there is a rich Feshbach structure and potential uses for the resonances that we find, in the scattering lengths of the various incoming channels, are discussed. In 85RbCs there is a rich Feshbach structure and the prospects for ultracold molecule formation using this system are detailed. Similarly, we detail the Feshbach resonances of 87RbCs and discuss our results in the context of the successful formation of ultracold ground-state molecules. In the isotopologues of KCs each system has a rich Feshbach structure and we detail the location and width of the resonances, as well as the potential for ultracold molecule formation using each of the isotopes of potassium. In addition to scattering calculations, we have also calculated the location and character of the highest-lying bound states of each system. We have investigated the energy dependence of the scattering length using accurate coupled-channel calculations on 6Li, 39K and 133Cs to explore the behaviour of the effective range in the vicinity of both broad and narrow Feshbach resonances. We present an alternative parametrization of the effective range and further demonstrate that an analytical form of an energy and magnetic field-dependent phase shift, based on multichannel quantum defect theory, gives accurate results for the energy-dependent scattering length. Lastly, we examine the effect of additional external fields on alkali-metal collisions and discuss how external fields can be used to manipulate the interaction properties of a system.

•Jan 1, 2015•1 citation
The dispersion coefficients for the long-range interaction of the first four excited states of He, i.e., He(2 1,3{}^{1,3}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}1,3SSS) and He(2 1,3{}^{1,3}1,3PPP), with the low-lying states of the alkali-metal atoms Li, Na, K, and Rb are calculated by summing over the reduced matrix elements of the multipole transition operators. For the interaction between He and Li the uncertainty of the calculations is 0.1--0.5%. For interactions with other alkali-metal atoms the uncertainty is 1--3% in the coefficient C5{C}_{5}C5​, 1--5% in the coefficient C6{C}_{6}C6​, and 1--10% in the coefficients C8{C}_{8}C8​ and C10{C}_{10}C10​. The dispersion coefficients Cn{C}_{n}Cn​ for the interaction of He(2 1,3{}^{1,3}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}1,3SSS) and He(2 1,3{}^{1,3}1,3PPP) with the ground-state alkali-metal atoms and for the interaction of He(2 1,3{}^{1,3}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}1,3SSS) with the alkali-metal atoms in their first 2{}^{2}2PPP states are presented in this Brief Report. The coefficients for other pairs of atomic states are listed in the Supplemental Material.
We present triplet and singlet scattering lengths for X--133Cs collisions (X=6,7Li, 23Na, 39,40,41K, and 85,87Rb). We consider the short-range potential-energy curves based on high-quality ab initio calculations and the long-range potential described by accurate dispersion coefficients available in the literature. Using a Fermi function to smoothly connect the short- and long-range terms we construct the potential for all R and evaluate the scattering length for each mixed species X--Cs. In particular, we predict that the cross section for inelastic processes between 23Na and 133Cs and between 40K and 133Cs will be small as compared with the respective elastic cross sections.
This thesis reports on calculations of the scattering properties of a variety of ultracold alkali-metal mixtures. In particular, we have calculated the scattering properties of homonuclear mixtures of 85Rb, in a variety of incoming channels, and we have calculated the properties of heteronuclear mixtures of the isotopologues of Rb and Cs, and K and Cs. In general, we are interested in the location and character of Feshbach resonances in these mixtures with a view towards ultracold molecule formation. In 85Rb there is a rich Feshbach structure and potential uses for the resonances that we find, in the scattering lengths of the various incoming channels, are discussed. In 85RbCs there is a rich Feshbach structure and the prospects for ultracold molecule formation using this system are detailed. Similarly, we detail the Feshbach resonances of 87RbCs and discuss our results in the context of the successful formation of ultracold ground-state molecules. In the isotopologues of KCs each system has a rich Feshbach structure and we detail the location and width of the resonances, as well as the potential for ultracold molecule formation using each of the isotopes of potassium. In addition to scattering calculations, we have also calculated the location and character of the highest-lying bound states of each system. We have investigated the energy dependence of the scattering length using accurate coupled-channel calculations on 6Li, 39K and 133Cs to explore the behaviour of the effective range in the vicinity of both broad and narrow Feshbach resonances. We present an alternative parametrization of the effective range and further demonstrate that an analytical form of an energy and magnetic field-dependent phase shift, based on multichannel quantum defect theory, gives accurate results for the energy-dependent scattering length. Lastly, we examine the effect of additional external fields on alkali-metal collisions and discuss how external fields can be used to manipulate the interaction properties of a system.