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甘肃联合大学学报：自然科学版

Rb_2(~1Λ_g)高位态的预解离和碰撞转移过程

王雪燕, 周冬冬

Published Jan 1, 2012• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

池温控制在519-548K之间,在不充任何缓冲气体的纯Rb样品池中,Rb原子密度在4-8×1015cm-3范围,Rb2分子的粒子数密度数量级为1014,利用YAG脉冲激光器的680nm激光双光子激发Rb2的X1Σg+态至1Λg高位态.利用激光感生荧光光谱法研究Rb2(1Λg)+Rb(5S)→Rb(6 D,8S)的预解离和碰撞转移.在不同的Rb原子密度下探测1Λg→B1Πu的时间分辨荧光,得到不同Rb密度N时1Λg态的有效寿命.利用Stern-Volmer方程,看出有效寿命的倒数与Rb密度成线性关系,从直线的截距和斜率分别得到1Λg→B1Πu辐射寿命与预解离率之和及总的碰撞截面.用光子计数器测量时间积分荧光强度I3[Rb2(1Λg→B1Πu)],I2[Rb(8S→5P3/2)]和I1[Rb(6 D→5P3/2)],从直线的斜率和截距并结合从Stern-Volmer方程得到的结果,确定Rb2(1Λg)的预解离率,ΓP8S=(6.5±0.6)×106 S-1,ΓP6 D=(4.1±0.3)×106 S-1和碰撞转移截面σ8S=(7.9±0.7)×10-13cm2,σ6 D=(6.2±0.3)×10-13cm2.

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光谱学与光谱分析•Jan 1, 2007•0 citations
池温控制在519-548K之间,在不充任何缓冲气体的纯Rb样品池中,Rb原子密度在4-8×1015cm-3范围,Rb2分子的粒子数密度数量级为1014,利用YAG脉冲激光器的680nm激光双光子激发Rb2的X1Σg+态至1Λg高位态.利用激光感生荧光光谱法研究Rb2(1Λg)+Rb(5S)→Rb(6 D,8S)的预解离和碰撞转移.在不同的Rb原子密度下探测1Λg→B1Πu的时间分辨荧光,得到不同Rb密度N时1Λg态的有效寿命.利用Stern-Volmer方程,看出有效寿命的倒数与Rb密度成线性关系,从直线的截距和斜率分别得到1Λg→B1Πu辐射寿命与预解离率之和及总的碰撞截面.用光子计数器测量时间积分荧光强度I3[Rb2(1Λg→B1Πu)],I2[Rb(8S→5P3/2)]和I1[Rb(6 D→5P3/2)],从直线的斜率和截距并结合从Stern-Volmer方程得到的结果,确定Rb2(1Λg)的预解离率,ΓP8S=(6.5±0.6)×106 S-1,ΓP6 D=(4.1±0.3)×106 S-1和碰撞转移截面σ8S=(7.9±0.7)×10-13cm2,σ6 D=(6.2±0.3)×10-13cm2.
利用激光诱导后向荧光光谱研究了Rb蒸气-玻璃界面的85Rb[5P3/2（F′=2,3,4）→5S1/2（F=3）]超精细结构跃迁。把界面分为2个不同的区域,靠近表面厚度约为一个波长的近区和远区（蒸气区域）,近区起光谱滤波器的作用。将激光分为二束,一束作为检测光通过一个室温下的Rb参考样品池,得到5S1/2（F=3）→5P3/2（F′=2,3,4）半宽为510 MHz的Doppler吸收线,其中心离F=3→F′=4跃迁约为70 MHz。另一束激光进入温度为130℃的Rb样品池,记录共振后向荧光Sob（νL）,将它减去远区辐射的荧光ST（νL）,得到近区辐射的荧光senxp（νL）,它是具有半宽ΓRF=50 MHz的Lorentz线型,而ΓRF=Γn＋cΓoll＋Γnr,Γn为谱线的自然增宽,cΓoll=γRb-RbN为碰撞增宽,γRb-Rb为增宽系数,N为Rb基态密度,Γnr为玻璃表面激发态原子的非辐射能量转移引起的附加增宽,由此得到非辐射跃迁率为AnFr′=4→F=3=2.4×10^8s^-1,它远大于自发辐射率A（5P3/2→5S1/2）=1.4×107s^-1。
利用单模半导体激光器激发Rb原子到5P3/2态,将Rb空心阴极灯发射的6D5/2→5P3/2的629.8 nm线作为吸收线.测量5P3/2态原子密度,由测得的激发态原子密度结合荧光强度比,得到能量合并过程Rb(5P3/2)+Rb(5P3/2)→Rb(5D)+Rb(5S)的碰撞截面为(5.0士1.9)×10-14cm2.利用荧光法测量了Rb52P精细结构碰撞转移截面.直接荧光是由5P3/2态发射的,敏化荧光是由精细结构碰撞转移和碰撞能量合并产生的.由相对荧光强度得到了转移截面σ(5P3/2→5P1/2)=(3.0土0.9)×10-15cm2.碰撞能量合并速率系数比精细结构混合率大一个数量级,与其它实验结果进行了比较.
应用激光吸收和荧光方法，测量了Rb（5P）态与N2碰撞的精细结构混合和碰撞猝灭截面．Rb原子被激光激发到5P3／2态，将与泵浦激光束反向平行的检测激光束调到5PJ→7S1／2的跃迁，测量5PJ激发态的密度及空间分布，由此计算了5PJ-5S的有效辐射率．在T=340K和N2密度0．5×10^16〈N〈4×10^16cm^-3范围内测量了5P1/2→5S1／2（794nm）发射的敏化荧光强度I794，量N／I794与N有抛物线型的关系，表明了5PJ的猝灭是由于与N2分子的碰撞产生的，而不是由与Rb基态原子碰撞产生的．由最小二乘法确定的二次多项式的系数得到5P态与N2碰撞精细结构混合截面σ3／2→1／2=（10．43±3．54）×10^-16cm^2，猝灭截面σD=（9．8±3．4）×10^-16cm^2．与在不同的实验条件下得到的结果在误差范围内一致.
Using a YAG-laser pumped OPO laser excite the pure rubidium cell,the Rb2(1Σg) state was excited to Rb2(1Λg) state,the temperature controlled between 519-548K while Rb atomic density ranged 4-8×1015cm-3 and Rb2 density was about 1014cm-3.The fluorescence spectrum of cesium vapor was used to study predissociation and transfer collision.From time-resolved fluorescence for the 1Λg →B1Πu transition at different Rb densities,the effective lifetimes of the 1Λg state could obtain.Based on the Stern-Volmer equation,the sum of the radiative and predissociative rates and the total cross section for deactivation of the Rb2(1Λg) were from the slope and the intercept,due to a linear relationship between the effective lifetime reciprocals and Rb densities.The time-integrated intensities of I3[Rb2(1Λg→B1Πu)],I2[Rb(8S→5P3/2)]and I1[Rb(6D→5P3/2)] were measured by photon counter.By combining the slope and the intercept with the result obtained by the Stern-Volmer equation,we obtain predissociative rates ΓP8S=(6.5±0.6)×106S-1,ΓP6D=(4.1±0.3)×106S-1,and collisional transfer cross sections σ8S=(7.9±0.7)×1013cm2,σ6D=(6.2±0.3)×10-13cm2.
At different Rb densities,Rb vapor was irradiated in a glass fluorescence cell with pulses of radiation from a pumped-laser,populating Rb 2 (B 1 Π u)state by single-photon absorption.Energy transfer in Rb 2 (B 1 Π u) + Rb(5S) collision is studied using methods of atomic and molecular fluorescence.The decay signal of time-resolved fluorescence from B 1 Π u → X 1 Σ + g transition was monitored.The effective lifetimes of the B 1 Π u state can be resolved.The plot of reciprocal of effective lifetimes of the B 1 Π u state against Rb densities yielded the slope that indicated the total cross section for deactivation and the intercept that provided the radiative lifetime of the state.The radiative lifetime 23.5ns for the B 1 Π u is obtained.The cross section for deactivation of the Rb 2 (B 1 Π u) molecules by collisions with Rb atoms is σ 3=(4.33 ± 0.14) × 10-15 cm 2.At the different Rb densities,the time-integrated intensities of the resulting Rb emission lines.I(5P 3/2 → 5S 1/2) and I(5P 1/2 → 5S 1/2) were measured.The absolute values for Rb 2 (B 1 Π u)+Rb→ Rb 2 (1 1 Σ + g) + Rb(5P J)collisional transfer cross sections have been obtained.The cross sections are σ 31=(2.86 ± 0.13) × 10-16 cm 2 (for transferring to 5P 1/2) and σ 32=(8.30 ± 0.38) × 10-16 cm 2 (for transferring to 5P 3/2),respectively.
在气体样品池条件下,研究了Rb（5PJ）＋（He,N2）碰撞能量转移过程。用调频半导体激光器激发Rb原子至Rb（5P3/2）态,在不同的He或N2气压下,测量了直接5P3/2→5S1/2荧光和转移5P1/2→5S1/2荧光。对于Rb（5PJ）与He的碰撞,只发生精细结构转移（略去碰撞猝灭效应）,电子态能量仅能转移为He原子的平动能。在与N2的碰撞中,向分子振转态的转移是重要的。本实验中,Rb的密度为4.5×10^11cm^-3,由辐射陷获理论得到5P1/2→5S1/2的有效辐射率为2.47×10^7s^-1。利用速率方程分析,可以得到碰撞转移速率系数,对于He,5P3/2→5S1/2转移速率系数k2H1e=2.61×10^-12cm^3·s^-1。对于N2,测量5PJ＋He和5PJ＋N2两种情况下直接荧光与敏化荧光的相对强度比,利用最小二乘法确定5P3/2→5S1/2转移速率系数k2N12=2.36×10^-11cm^3·s^-1,5PJ态猝灭速率系数kN2=1.44×10^-11cm^3·s^-1。由实验结果证实了Cs-N2主要是直线式碰撞传能机制,与其他实验结果进行了比较。