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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

Tunnel ionization of highly excited atoms in a noncoherent laser radiation field

В. П. Крайнов, S. S. Todirashku

Published Oct 1, 1982• 0 citations
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We investigate a new method to produce attosecond pulses from a resonant XUV radiation in an atomic gas which is simultaneously irradiated by an IR laser field. Around the crests of an IR field all the excited atomic energy levels are strongly broadened due to rapid tunnel ionization from the corresponding excited states and atoms are not able to resonantly absorb the incident vacuum ultraviolet radiation. Vice versa, around zeroes of an IR field, ionization is slow and atoms effectively absorb the vacuum ultraviolet radiation. As a result, an interaction between atoms and XUV field is switched on and off resulting in formation of attosecond pulses.
Tunneling ionization, a fascinating quantum phenomenon, has played the key role in the development of attosecond physics. Upon absorption of a few tens of photons, tunneling ionization creates ions in different excited states and even enables the formation of population inversion between ionic states. However, the underlying physics is still being debated. Here, we demonstrate a significant enhancement in the efficiency of multiphoton excitation when ionization of neutral molecules and resonant excitation of ions coexist in strong laser fields. It facilitates the dramatic increase in population inversion and lasing radiation in N_{2}^{+} around 1000 nm pump wavelength. Utilizing the ionization-coupling theory, we discover that the synergistic interplay between tunneling ionization and multiphoton excitation enables the ionic coherence to be maximized by phase locking of the periodically created ionic dipoles and consistently maintain an optimal phase for the follow-up photoexcitation. This Letter provides new insights into the photoexcitation mechanism of ions in strong laser fields and opens up a route for optimizing ionic lasing radiations.