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Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors

Coherent Interaction of Bose-Condensed Bi-Excitons with Radiation Field

Eiichi Hanamura

Published Jan 1, 1974• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Polariton effect quenches not only the possibility of Bose-Condensation but also of the self-induced transparency of single direct excitons . Here, as to bi-excitons which are not suffered from this negative effect due to polariton, we propose the direct and coherent excitation of Bose-condensed bi-excitons by giant two-photon absorption due to bi-excitons. Then we discuss the possibility of superradiance of Bose-condensed bi-excitons created by this method and the possibility of self-induced transparency associated with giant two-photon transition due to these bi-excitons.

DOI
10.1007/978-3-322-94774-1_20

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Polariton effect quenches not only the possibility of Bose-Condensation but also of the self-induced transparency of single direct excitons . Here, as to bi-excitons which are not suffered from this negative effect due to polariton, we propose the direct and coherent excitation of Bose-condensed bi-excitons by giant two-photon absorption due to bi-excitons. Then we discuss the possibility of superradiance of Bose-condensed bi-excitons created by this method and the possibility of self-induced transparency associated with giant two-photon transition due to these bi-excitons.
The present paper has the dual purposes. As the first purpose, it is demonstrated that the boson description of Wannier excitons introduced in the preceding paper is suitable also to discussion of non-linear coherent interaction of Wannier excitons with the radiation field. The second purpose is to discuss the possibility of self-induced transparency due to Wannier excitons on the basis of the boson description by making clear the difference between a two-level atomic system and a system of excitons which can propagate in a crystal as polariton. As a result, stable pulse propagation of the radiation field is shown to be prevented by the polariton effect of excitons.
The emission spectrum is given for radiative decay of the excitonic molecules in the Bose-condensed state at finite temperature which is described in the framework of the Bogoliubov approximation. We take into account the final state interaction of an exciton created in the radiative process with the environment of the Bose-condensed excitonic molecules. The emission spectrum is characterized by a sharp line due to the radiative decay of the Bose-condensed excitonic molecules and the side band at lower energy side due to the process associated with the excitation of the Bose-condensed system. The polariton effect on the emission spectrum is also discussed.
The exciton absorption and emission bands in the presence of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of excitons, induced by the coherent laser radiation is considered. The laser radiation creates the coherent macroscopic polarization of the crystal, which is described as a virtual BEC of excitons. The energy spectrum of the elementary excitations as well as the probabilities of the quantum transitions depend essentially on the frequency detuning (Delta) -. The nonequilibrium occupation numbers of out-of-condensate excitons nexq arising in the presence of virtual BEC influence on the forms of absorption and emission bands.
BEC of exciton-polaritons and related effects such as superfluidity1,2, spontaneous symmetry breaking3,4 and quantised vortices5,6 open way to creation of novel light sources7 and optical logic elements8. Remarkable observations of exciton-polariton BEC in microcavities9-12 have been reported in the recent ten years. Very recently, thermalisation and subsequent condensation of cavity photons in a dye-filled microcavity have been observed13. Here we show that BEC of both exciton-polaritons and photons can be created in the same system under different optical excitation conditions. A dynamic phase transition between a photon and a polariton BEC takes place after a single high-power excitation pulse and we find both condensed states in thermal equilibrium with the excited states. At the crossover, photons and polaritons coexist, which results in a decrease in the long-range spatial coherence. Build-up and successive depinning of polarisation is observed at the threshold of both polariton and photon condensation.