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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

A Quantum Secure Direct Communication Scheme Based on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) Sequence

Kai Li, Xiao‐Ying Huang, Jihong Teng, Zhenhua Li

Published Jul 8, 2013• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

摘要: 为了提高量子安全直接通信协议的安全性并同时降低其成本，该文通过对协议中检测窃听过程的分析给出了一种有效的方法，并从量子安全直接通信和量子秘密共享两种角度验证了这种方法的可行性。合法通信者使用携带有秘密消息的传输粒子检测窃听，并且不会泄露任何秘密消息。分析表明，合法通信者在不用制备单独用来检测窃听的检测粒子情况下，不仅能够让协议的量子比特理论效率达到100%，而且可以确保其无条件安全。 关键词: 量子安全直接通信 / 传输粒子 / 检测粒子 / 量子比特理论效率

DOI
10.3724/sp.j.1146.2011.01155

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摘要: 为了提高量子安全直接通信协议的安全性并同时降低其成本，该文通过对协议中检测窃听过程的分析给出了一种有效的方法，并从量子安全直接通信和量子秘密共享两种角度验证了这种方法的可行性。合法通信者使用携带有秘密消息的传输粒子检测窃听，并且不会泄露任何秘密消息。分析表明，合法通信者在不用制备单独用来检测窃听的检测粒子情况下，不仅能够让协议的量子比特理论效率达到100%，而且可以确保其无条件安全。 关键词: 量子安全直接通信 / 传输粒子 / 检测粒子 / 量子比特理论效率
有效的量有 thetwo 步计划的安全直接通讯网络协议被使用 Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR ) 建议作为量信息搬运人配对块。服务者，说艾莉斯，在通讯和用户执行的量准备并且测量 EPR 对编码他们的消息的四本地单一的操作。合法用户的任何人能安全地在网络上传达另一一个。自从几乎所有，在这的例子，计划是有用的，每 EPR 对能带二位信息，为 qubits 的效率和两个接近的来源能力最大的价值。
A protocol for quantum secure direct communication using blocks of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs is proposed. A set of ordered N EPR pairs is used as a data block for sending secret message directly. The ordered N EPR set is divided into two particle sequences, a checking sequence and a message-coding sequence. After transmitting the checking sequence, the two parties of communication check eavesdropping by measuring a fraction of particles randomly chosen, with random choice of two sets of measuring bases. After insuring the security of the quantum channel, the sender Alice encodes the secret message directly on the message-coding sequence and sends them to Bob. By combining the checking and message-coding sequences together, Bob is able to read out the encoded messages directly. The scheme is secure because an eavesdropper cannot get both sequences simultaneously. We also discuss issues in a noisy channel.
Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) is a method of communication that transmits secret information directly through a quantum channel. This paper proposes a two-step QSDC scheme based on intermediate-basis, in which the intermediate-basis Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) pairs can assist to detect channel security and help encode information. Specifically, the intermediate-basis EPR pairs reduce the probability of Eve choosing the correct measurement basis in the first step, enhancing the security of the system. Moreover, they encode information together with information EPR pairs to improve the transmission efficiency in the second step. We consider the security of the protocol under coherent attack when Eve takes different dimensions of the auxiliary system. The simulation results show that intermediate-basis EPR pairs can lower the upper limit of the amount of information that Eve can steal in both attack scenarios. Therefore, the proposed protocol can ensure that the legitimate parties get more confidential information and improve the transmission efficiency.
In this paper an efficient quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) scheme with authentication is presented, which is based on quantum entanglement and polarized single photons. The present protocol uses Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) pairs and polarized single photons in batches. A particle of the EPR pairs is retained in the sender's station, and the other is transmitted forth and back between the sender and the receiver, similar to the ``ping–pong'' QSDC protocol. According to the shared information beforehand, these two kinds of quantum states are mixed and then transmitted via a quantum channel. The EPR pairs are used to transmit secret messages and the polarized single photons used for authentication and eavesdropping check. Consequently, because of the dual contributions of the polarized single photons, no classical information is needed. The intrinsic efficiency and total efficiency are both 1 in this scheme as almost all of the instances are useful and each EPR pair can be used to carry two bits of information.