Quantum computing overcomes the limitations of computational power in classical computing by utilizing the principles of quantum mechanics; it has a transformative impact on improving computational effectiveness in data analysis. The existing industrial sectors are unclear how to apply theories and concepts into applications of quantum computing though there are many research studies. Therefore, this study aims to review the current state-of-the-art of quantum computing algorithms by discussing their mathematical frameworks, underlying architectures, and applications, and propose a novel ontology-based quantum architecture model for developers to select, filter and cascade different components for implementation. A case study is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of using the proposed model to design and implementation of a quantum computing algorithm with the proposed model. The results found the ontology model is easy to understand, ease of use, with available resources and technology facilitating for guiding developer on the development of a quantum application starting from problem definition to human problem-solving processes, and a quantum computing design.
Quantum computing overcomes the limitations of computational power in classical computing by utilizing the principles of quantum mechanics; it has a transformative impact on improving computational effectiveness in data analysis. The existing industrial sectors are unclear how to apply theories and concepts into applications of quantum computing though there are many research studies. Therefore, this study aims to review the current state-of-the-art of quantum computing algorithms by discussing their mathematical frameworks, underlying architectures, and applications, and propose a novel ontology-based quantum architecture model for developers to select, filter and cascade different components for implementation. A case study is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of using the proposed model to design and implementation of a quantum computing algorithm with the proposed model. The results found the ontology model is easy to understand, ease of use, with available resources and technology facilitating for guiding developer on the development of a quantum application starting from problem definition to human problem-solving processes, and a quantum computing design.
Quantum computing, built on the principles of quantum mechanics, has emerged as a transformative paradigm with the potential to revolutionize computational capabilities, enabling solutions to problems that are currently intractable for classical systems. Quantum computing integrates hardware, architectures, and software for improved applications while utilizing superposition, entanglement, and interference to promote materials science, cryptography, optimization, and artificial intelligence. Sections introduce and describe the model components needed in order to create quantum processors, including qubits, quantum gates and control electronics, as well as a review of new developments in quantum software frameworks and programming tools. Notable examples, such as Shor’s algorithm for cryptographic caveat, Grover’s algorithm for inefficient search processes, and quantum-enhanced optimization, illuminate the position of quantum computing as a means of tackling tough problems that span disciplines, such as pharmaceuticals, predictors of climate, and finance modeling. However, the field continues to face significant challenges, like limited scalability, quantum gate error rates, qubit coherence times, and difficulties integrating with classical systems. Future efforts will focus on developing hybrid quantum-classical systems, scalable architectures, and industry- specific applications to transition quantum computing from exploration to practical deployment. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of quantum computing, covering its potential, trends, and challenges, while exploring hardware-software integration, classicalquantum comparisons, and insights to guide research and industry in unlocking its revolutionary possibility.
This book, Quantum Computing: Algorithms, Architectures and Applications, has been carefully developed as a comprehensive resource to navigate the dynamic and complex world of quantum technologies. Intended for students, researchers, engineers, and technology enthusiasts, it aims to connect fundamental concepts with real-world implementation. The journey begins with the core principles of quantum mechanics relevant to computing, laying the groundwork that differentiates quantum systems from classical approaches. It further explores quantum gates, circuits, and computational logic, along with key topics such as error correction, system architectures, entanglement, superposition, and the no-cloning theorem. As the discussion progresses, the book examines foundational quantum algorithms, including the Deutsch–Jozsa algorithm, Simon’s problem, and others. These sections not only explain technical concepts but also encourage readers to rethink computational possibilities and limitations. The book also highlights practical applications and industry adoption. Quantum computing is increasingly influencing fields such as cryptography, finance, drug discovery, and climate science. Through global and regional case studies, readers gain insight into how various sectors are embracing this technological shift. A clear and structured approach has been maintained throughout, making the content accessible to beginners while still valuable for experienced professionals. The aim is to balance depth with clarity, ensuring both rigor and ease of understanding. While quantum computing continues to evolve with ongoing advancements and discoveries, the driving forces behind its progress remain curiosity, innovation, and collaboration.
Quantum computing represents a transformative approach to computation leveraging fundamental principles of quantum mechanics such as superposition, entanglement and interference to store and process information in ways that classical computers cannot achieve.This paper attempts to provide a bona fide bibliographic overview of the principles, computational models, hardware technologies, and potential applications of quantum computing.It analyses how quantum algorithms could outperform classical algorithms in cryptographic analysis, optimization, and big data analysis.The survey integrates viewpoints from recent works; it presents system architectures, software development challenges, and quantum-assisted applications in healthcare, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and industrial optimization.Meanwhile, it examines hybrid quantum-classical systems that would allow quantum technologies to be deployed in the near term skirted by the limitations currently posed by quantum hardware.Moreover, the paper discusses foremost hurdles in scaling, error-correction, and maintaining coherence.From reviewing the recent developments and whether possible, this present review work informs researchers, engineers, and practitioners alike on the current state, as well as on the long-run viability, of quantum computing.
Quantum computing stands to transform computational paradigms when quantum mechanical behavior can be used to solve problems which are otherwise intractable to classical methods. This paper is a detailed study on quantum computing, with the unification of fundamental theories and practical applications, considering cryptography, optimization, machine learning, and drug discovery. It serves as a liaison between theoretical aspects and hardware implementation, focusing on codes, computational techniques, and multi-platform use. By overcoming the limitations of the current research, this study provides commercial feasibility and perspectives for quantum techniques. Case studies and architectural insights enrich comprehension for both the academic and the industrial audiences.
Quantum computing represents a revolutionary paradigm shift in data processing, promising to revolutionize industries, solve complex computational problems, and propel scientific discovery to unprecedented heights. This research paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of quantum computing technology, its basic principles, and applications. The article begins by explaining the basic principles of quantum mechanics, introducing key concepts such as superposition and entrainment that underlie the enormous computing power of quantum computers. The discussion of quantum bits, or qubits, highlights the unique properties of quantum computers that allow them to perform tasks much faster than classical computers. Research papers cover various quantum computer architectures, gate-based quantum computers, adiabatic quantum computers, and quantum annealing devices. Explores challenges and advances in hardware with attention to quantum error correction and quantum breakthroughs. In addition, this paper explores various quantum algorithms and their applications in domains such as cryptography, optimization, material science, and drug discovery. It reviews progress in algorithm development and emphasizes the practical implications of quantum computing for solving real-world problems. Additionally, the research document examines the current state of the Quantum Computing industry and highlights the key players and their contributions to the field. It also touches on the economic and ethical implications of quantum computers, considering security issues and implications for existing computing paradigms. In summary, this comprehensive review reveals the transformative potential of quantum computers and offers valuable insights into current opportunities, challenges, and future prospects. As quantum computing advances, this paper serves as a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and industry leaders who want to understand and harness the power of quantum computing.
ABSTRACT Quantum computing represents a fundamental shift in the way computational problems are approached and solved. Unlike classical computing systems that rely on binary bits to process information, quantum computing utilizes quantum bits, or qubits, which exploit principles of quantum mechanics such as superposition and entanglement. This transition from classical bits to qubits has opened new possibilities for solving complex problems that are computationally infeasible for traditional systems. This paper explores the evolution of computing paradigms from classical architectures to quantum-based models, highlighting the theoretical foundations and technological advancements that have driven this transformation. It discusses the core concepts of quantum computing, including qubit representation, quantum gates, and computational models, along with an overview of current quantum hardware architectures. Furthermore, the paper examines key application areas such as cryptography, optimization, artificial intelligence, and scientific simulations, where quantum computing demonstrates significant potential. Despite its promise, quantum computing faces substantial challenges related to hardware stability, error correction, scalability, and resource requirements, which are also analyzed. Finally, the paper outlines future research directions and the potential impact of quantum computing on next-generation information processing systems, emphasizing its role in redefining the boundaries of modern computation. Keywords : Quantum Computing, Qubits, Quantum Algorithms, Quantum Applications, Future Computing Technologies