Agent-resolved certification of quantum teleportation

Victoria Lipińska, Lê Phuc Thinh, Stephanie Wehner

Neng-Fei Gong, Feng-Xiao Sun, Tie-Jun Wang

Eduardo Reck Miranda, Scott Yeiichi Oshiro

This paper introduces an interactive music system with quantum musical agents that communicate by teleporting quantum states to one another. Human performers interact in real time with agents whose melodic and rhythmic behaviours are encoded as quantum states using Single Qubit Probability Amplitude Modulation (SQPAM) and structured through Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE). Up to three agents are combined within a single quantum circuit, with directed communication via quantum teleportation. We are interested in supporting ambiguous, transformative interactions reminiscent of free Jazz improvisation. Therefore, rather than treating noise and decoherence as limitations, the system embraces NISQ-era constraints as creative affordances, framing agent communication as quantum whispers, that is, deliberate, musically expressive imperfections in state transfer. We provide demonstrations and analyses based on melodic correlation, pitch-set distance, and state fidelity, where a continuum between imitation and divergence can be observed. We developed a tunable interpretation method to assess how agents reinterpret teleported states. This work positions teleportation as a promising interaction mechanism for agent-based quantum computer music and outlines future directions toward distributed ensembles connected via the Quantum Internet.

Zhanjun Zhang, Zhong‐Xiao Man

Yu‐Bo Sheng

Revista, Zen, PHYSICS, 10

Quantum teleportation, a cornerstone of quantum information science, allows for the transfer of an unknown quantum state from a sender (Alice) to a receiver (Bob) using a shared entangled resource and classical communication. A fundamental challenge arises when the state to be teleported is unclonable, as dictated by the no-cloning theorem, precluding direct comparison between the initial and teleported states for certification. This paper proposes a robust Bell-certification scheme for validating the successful teleportation of such unclonable quantum states. We move beyond conventional fidelity benchmarks, which prove insufficient for unknown states, by focusing on the integrity of the Bell state entanglement and the correctness of the Bell measurement performed by Alice. Our methodology leverages the inherent properties of maximally entangled Bell states as the resource, combined with a verifiable Bell measurement analysis and a rigorous assessment of the classical communication channel. We detail how the quality of the shared entangled pair, potentially characterized by entanglement witnesses or purity measures, directly contributes to the certification of the teleportation process. Furthermore, we analyze the scheme's resilience to common noise models, such as depolarizing channels affecting the resource state, demonstrating how fluctuations in resource entanglement propagate to the certification confidence. The proposed Bell-certification provides a crucial framework for ensuring the reliability of quantum teleportation protocols in practical applications where direct state verification is impossible or impractical, paving the way for more secure and verifiable quantum communication and computation architectures.