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Quantum verification of full-continuum Coulomb energy with unit nuclei

Myeongjin Kang

Published Oct 25, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We prove uniform QMA membership for the spectral-infimum decision problem for the full spinful antisymmetric Coulomb Hamiltonian with unit nuclei, distinct rational nuclear positions, unary electron number and inverse-polynomial promise gap. Nuclear repulsion is omitted. Positions and thresholds use binary rational encoding; the result assumes neither binding nor a spectral gap, geometric separation, bounded physical diameter, a selected finite basis, a fixed spin sector or an efficiently prepared low-energy state. The proof combines quantitative localization including escaped electrons, Hardy-controlled Coulomb caps, a finite kinetic cutoff, exact shifted sampling with L2 error control, and a polynomial-size verifier on arbitrary witness states. Together with the hardness theorem of the pinned source manuscript, this gives QMA completeness for the same problem. Classical sector localization, finite-basis electronic complexity, smooth-box discretization and earlier real-space simulation estimates are credited. The accompanying Lean support proves selected finite sampling, representation-average and scalar error interfaces; it does not formalize the full continuum or quantum-complexity theorem. No extension to exponentially large binary nuclear charges or worldwide priority claim is made. AI-assisted preprint by Myeongjin Kang, with no affiliation. Internal AI review is not external journal peer review or worldwide-priority certification. Identified OpenAI source inputs at revision fd4aeeb2ee4fc729c18d98444fed42fd0529eeeb are stipulated true. Lean verifies scoped supporting results only, not the full theorem. Original prose: CC BY 4.0; original code and Lean: MIT; third-party rights preserved. See the supporting archive for precise assumptions, coverage, provenance and corrections.

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.23647068

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We prove uniform QMA membership for the spectral-infimum decision problem for the full spinful antisymmetric Coulomb Hamiltonian with unit nuclei, distinct rational nuclear positions, unary electron number and inverse-polynomial promise gap. Nuclear repulsion is omitted. Positions and thresholds use binary rational encoding; the result assumes neither binding nor a spectral gap, geometric separation, bounded physical diameter, a selected finite basis, a fixed spin sector or an efficiently prepared low-energy state. The proof combines quantitative localization including escaped electrons, Hardy-controlled Coulomb caps, a finite kinetic cutoff, exact shifted sampling with L2 error control, and a polynomial-size verifier on arbitrary witness states. Together with the hardness theorem of the pinned source manuscript, this gives QMA completeness for the same problem. Classical sector localization, finite-basis electronic complexity, smooth-box discretization and earlier real-space simulation estimates are credited. The accompanying Lean support proves selected finite sampling, representation-average and scalar error interfaces; it does not formalize the full continuum or quantum-complexity theorem. No extension to exponentially large binary nuclear charges or worldwide priority claim is made. AI-assisted preprint by Myeongjin Kang, with no affiliation. Internal AI review is not external journal peer review or worldwide-priority certification. Identified OpenAI source inputs at revision fd4aeeb2ee4fc729c18d98444fed42fd0529eeeb are stipulated true. Lean verifies scoped supporting results only, not the full theorem. Original prose: CC BY 4.0; original code and Lean: MIT; third-party rights preserved. See the supporting archive for precise assumptions, coverage, provenance and corrections.
We prove that approximating the electronic Coulomb spectral infimum in three-dimensional space is QMA-hard when positive integer nuclear charges are encoded in binary. The nuclei have distinct rational positions, the electron number is unary, and the energy is minimized over all antisymmetric continuum states and spin sectors. A deterministic classical polynomial-time reduction produces instances with threshold separation at least one. The nuclear charges may be exponentially large, but every output has polynomial bit length.
We explicitly carry through to the Hubbard endpoint the product-state (Hartree-Fock-type) case that Waite et al. state is available within their framework. The closest route is their Theorem 7 with a subset of cardinality one. We give explicit constants, track each guiding spinor through the reduction, and provide a finite description of the resulting site-local Slater determinant. The target is a repulsive Fermi-Hubbard Hamiltonian on a full open rectangular square grid, with spatially uniform positive hopping and repulsion, local vector fields, and the entire fixed-number sector Nf = M. With inverse-polynomial squared overlap and normalized decision precision, the resulting promise problem is PromiseBQP-complete; hardness holds on the subclass with a unique sector ground state and an inverse-polynomial spectral gap. The guiding spinors are retained from their creation-time penalty ground states and rounded to normalized dyadic-pair descriptions. The proof includes explicit global perturbation bounds and preparation and energy-estimation costs. MSC2020: Primary 68Q12; Secondary 81P68, 81V70. The archive contains the complete LaTeX source, vector figures, numerical test data, build instructions, a manifest, and SHA-256 digests. AI-use disclosure: The natural-language proofs, diagnostic code, partial formal proofs, and manuscript were generated using GPT-6 Astra and Claude Fable 5.1 under the author's direction on the research question and acceptance criteria. AI review comprised four independent audits and one heterogeneous adversarial audit across the two model families; completed human mathematical proof reviews number zero. Formal checking is peripheral: five source-side and five finite-endpoint declarations have Lean kernel proofs, Schrieffer-Wolff composition is zero of eight original targets, and one overgeneral transfer signature has a singleton counterexample. The full uniform completeness theorem is not formally proved. The author supplied the presentation revisions and remains responsible for final acceptance of the work. Appendix C distinguishes the earlier high-precision numerical example from the new certified Arb interval calculation.
This preprint studies learning an unknown bounded-degree n-qubit Hamiltonian in a known Pauli basis from independent copies of a single-temperature Gibbs state. For fixed locality, interaction degree and fixed positive rational inverse temperature and coefficient bound, it gives a polynomial-resource algorithm using product single-qubit Pauli measurements, without geometry, a gap, correlation decay or a minimum nonzero coefficient. The output has rational coefficients, support inside the true support and total coefficient error at most the requested tolerance with the stated success probability. The temperature-dependent exponents are extremely large; the result is asymptotic. The refinement certificate is formalized in Lean conditionally on explicit analytic inputs. Initialization, iteration, solver, sampling and full resource bounds remain paper proofs. A companion source note preserves the separate hidden-Majorana discussion and its open calibration problem; it is not a proof of that broader learner. Research directed and curated by Matthew Liston. The mathematics, proofs, formalization and manuscript preparation substantially involve AI systems; paper-specific attribution and checking limits are disclosed in the paper and archive. No independent human proof verification, external endorsement or peer review is claimed. Licensing: original manuscript and documentation CC BY 4.0; original code MIT. The archive provides the exact file-level license mapping. Manuscript revision: 22 October 2026. Research director's note — Matthew Liston: This project is motivated by philosophical exploration and curiosity about AI-assisted research. My aim in sharing these results is to make them available for scrutiny, correction and further development, so that others can build on whatever proves useful to mathematics and science. Correspondence: atemporalwalk@gmail.com.
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