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Generation and coherent control of dark-state spatial modes

Huai Che Shia, Siang Wei Shao, Wu Cheng Chiang, Yu Hung Kuan, I-Kang Liu, Teodora Kirova, Gediminas Juzeliūnas, Yu Ju Lin, Wen Te Liao

Published Jul 1, 2025• 0 citations
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Abstract

© 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.The generation and dynamic control of the spatial mode of the dark-state polarization using electromagnetically induced transparency are theoretically investigated. We demonstrate that a combination of synthetic scalar and vector potentials can be employed to engineer discrete spatial modes of the dark-state polariton, enabling quantum interference among these modes. We verify this concept by showing the Rabi oscillation between two spatial modes and stimulated Raman adiabatic passage among Λ-type three modes. Our approach allows for the reallocation of stored photonic data from one location to another, presenting potential applications such as photonic-memory optimization and retrieved light modulation.

DOI
10.25405/ncl.34530336

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© 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.The generation and dynamic control of the spatial mode of the dark-state polarization using electromagnetically induced transparency are theoretically investigated. We demonstrate that a combination of synthetic scalar and vector potentials can be employed to engineer discrete spatial modes of the dark-state polariton, enabling quantum interference among these modes. We verify this concept by showing the Rabi oscillation between two spatial modes and stimulated Raman adiabatic passage among Λ-type three modes. Our approach allows for the reallocation of stored photonic data from one location to another, presenting potential applications such as photonic-memory optimization and retrieved light modulation.
© 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.The generation and dynamic control of the spatial mode of the dark-state polarization using electromagnetically induced transparency are theoretically investigated. We demonstrate that a combination of synthetic scalar and vector potentials can be employed to engineer discrete spatial modes of the dark-state polariton, enabling quantum interference among these modes. We verify this concept by showing the Rabi oscillation between two spatial modes and stimulated Raman adiabatic passage among Λ-type three modes. Our approach allows for the reallocation of stored photonic data from one location to another, presenting potential applications such as photonic-memory optimization and retrieved light modulation.
The generation and dynamic control of the spatial mode of the dark-state polarization using electromagnetically induced transparency are theoretically investigated. We demonstrate that a combination of synthetic scalar and vector potentials can be employed to engineer discrete spatial modes of the dark-state polariton, enabling quantum interference among these modes. We verify this concept by showing the Rabi oscillation between two spatial modes and stimulated Raman adiabatic passage among Λ-type three modes. Our approach allows for the reallocation of stored photonic data from one location to another, presenting potential applications such as photonic-memory optimization and retrieved light modulation.
An ideal and reversible transfer technique for the quantum state between light and metastable collective states of matter is presented and analyzed in detail. The method is based on the control of photon propagation in coherently driven three-level atomic media, in which the group velocity is adiabatically reduced to zero. Form-stable coupled excitations of light and matter (``dark-state polaritons'') associated with the propagation of quantum fields in electromagnetically induced transparency are identified, their basic properties discussed and their application for quantum memories for light analyzed.
The generation of a trapping potential for dark-state polaritons in a two-dimensional electromagnetically induced transparency system is theoretically studied. We show that such a trap can arise from a spatially inhomogeneous effective mass of the dark-state polariton. Because this mass inhomogeneity can be engineered by tuning the parameters of the control fields, the motion, spatial profile, and coherent behavior of bound dark-state polaritons can be tailored accordingly. Our results enable spatial controls of optical information and provide a possible route toward realizing Bose-Einstein condensation of dark-state polaritons in a trapping potential.
Electromagnetically induced transparency is a promising approach to implement quantumcommunication in quantum system. In this study, quantum coherence and interference in theexcitation pathways of a three-level Λ atomic system leads to the formation of new states of matter(i.e. the dark state). This state decouples itself from the excitation beams leading to phenomenasuch as coherent population trapping (CPT), electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT).Taking into account quantum coherence and interference in an optically dense electromagneticallyinducedtransparent medium, we investigate the non-destructive storage and retrieval of singlephotonquantum states in the dark state of this dense ensemble of gas phase medium. The storageand retrieval process is based on the intracavity electromagnetically induced transparency by whichproperties of a cavity filled with three-level Λ-type atoms are manipulated by an external control field.We demonstrate the peculiar case for the storage and retrieval of time-entangled periodic input pulses(a soliton train) in the dark state by adiabatic photon transfer under conditions of dynamicalimpedance matching. These multiplexed photon states are expected to allow sharing quantuminformation among many users, and are currently of very high demand for applications in longdistanceand multiplexed quantum communication.
Electromagnetically induced transparency is a promising approach to implement quantumcommunication in quantum system. In this study, quantum coherence and interference in theexcitation pathways of a three-level Λ atomic system leads to the formation of new states of matter(i.e. the dark state). This state decouples itself from the excitation beams leading to phenomenasuch as coherent population trapping (CPT), electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT).Taking into account quantum coherence and interference in an optically dense electromagneticallyinducedtransparent medium, we investigate the non-destructive storage and retrieval of singlephotonquantum states in the dark state of this dense ensemble of gas phase medium. The storageand retrieval process is based on the intracavity electromagnetically induced transparency by whichproperties of a cavity filled with three-level Λ-type atoms are manipulated by an external control field.We demonstrate the peculiar case for the storage and retrieval of time-entangled periodic input pulses(a soliton train) in the dark state by adiabatic photon transfer under conditions of dynamicalimpedance matching. These multiplexed photon states are expected to allow sharing quantuminformation among many users, and are currently of very high demand for applications in longdistanceand multiplexed quantum communication.