We demonstrate the effect of Zeeman and hyperfine optical pumping and transverse laser cooling of a dysprosium (Dy) atomic beam on the 4 f 10 6 s 2 ( J = 8 ) → 4 f 10 6 s 6 p ( J = 9 ) transition at 421.291 nm. For Dy 163 , a custom-built electro-optic modulator is used to generate five frequency sidebands required to pump the atoms to the F = 10.5 ground-state hyperfine level, and the light polarization is chosen to pump the atoms to the m F = 10.5 Zeeman sublevel. The atoms are simultaneously laser cooled using a standing wave orthogonal to the atomic beam. The resulting polarized and cooled atomic beam will be used in fundamental physics experiments taking advantage of the “accidental” degeneracy of excited states in Dy, including the ongoing measurement of parity violation in this system.We demonstrate the effect of Zeeman and hyperfine optical pumping and transverse laser cooling of a dysprosium (Dy) atomic beam on the 4 f 10 6 s 2 ( J = 8 ) → 4 f 10 6 s 6 p ( J = 9 ) transition at 421.291 nm. For Dy 163 , a custom-built electro-optic modulator is used to generate five frequency sidebands required to pump the atoms to the F = 10.5 ground-state hyperfine level, and the light polarization is chosen to pump the atoms to the m F = 10.5 Zeeman sublevel. The atoms are simultaneously laser cooled using a standing wave orthogonal to the atomic beam. The resulting polarized and cooled atomic beam will be used in fundamental physics experiments taking advantage of the “accidental” degeneracy of excited states in Dy, including the ongoing measurement of parity violation in this system.

arXiv:2502.17310Physical Review AFeb 3, 20261 citation

Systematic optimization of laser cooling of dysprosium

Florian Mühlbauer, Niels Petersen, Carina Baumgärtner +2 more

arXiv:1804.01938Applied Physics BMay 29, 201818 citations

Laser cooling and Zeeman slowing of a silicon atomic beam

Sam Ronald, W. M. Fairbank, S. A. Lee

Bulletin of the American Physical SocietyOct 20, 20170 citations

Transverse laser cooling of a thermal atomic beam of dysprosium

N. Leefer, A. Cingöz, B. S. Gerber-Siff +3 more

A thermal atomic beam of dysprosium atoms is cooled using the $4{f}^{10}6{s}^{2}(J=8)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4{f}^{10}6s6p(J=9)$ transition at $421$ nm. The cooling is done via a standing light wave orthogonal to the atomic beam. Efficient transverse cooling to the Doppler limit is demonstrated for all observable isotopes of dysprosium. Branching ratios to metastable states are demonstrated to be $<$ $5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$. A scheme for enhancement of the nonzero-nuclear-spin-isotope cooling and a method for direct identification of possible trap states are proposed.A thermal atomic beam of dysprosium atoms is cooled using the $4{f}^{10}6{s}^{2}(J=8)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4{f}^{10}6s6p(J=9)$ transition at $421$ nm. The cooling is done via a standing light wave orthogonal to the atomic beam. Efficient transverse cooling to the Doppler limit is demonstrated for all observable isotopes of dysprosium. Branching ratios to metastable states are demonstrated to be $<$$5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$. A scheme for enhancement of the nonzero-nuclear-spin-isotope cooling and a method for direct identification of possible trap states are proposed.

arXiv:0912.2133Physical Review AApr 29, 201030 citations

Narrow-line cooling and the optical dipole trapping of dysprosium

Seo Ho Youn, Mingwu Lu, Nathaniel Burdick +1 more

Bulletin of the American Physical SocietyJun 14, 20110 citations

Trapping Dysprosium in a Magnetic Optical Trap Directly from a Thermal Beam

Liam Domett-Potts

Dysprosium is the most magnetic element on the periodic table, which gives it the potential to display exotic physics. To study magnetic interacting atoms, we plan to capture single atoms of Dysprosium in optical tweezers, as done with Rubidium atoms in [1]. The first step is a 3D magneto-optical trap (MOT), which combines the optical molasses technique [2] and spatial-dependent Zeeman splitting [3] to trap a cloud of Dysprosium atoms. The MOT is inside an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) chamber and an effusion cell produces a hot beam of Dysprosium atoms, from which it loads. An amplified external cavity diode laser, locked to an optical reference cavity, generates the 421 nm light that forms the optical molasses. Water-cooled coils in a quadrupole configuration generate the magnetic fields. Our experiment is the first to load the MOT directly in the hot beam, prioritising simplicity over a large MOT population by going without a 2D MOT or Zeeman slower, used in [4] and [5]. This thesis presents our design and implementation of the simple Dysprosium MOT, shown in Fig. 1. We also show the characteristics of the MOT and atomic source. The simplification of the Dysprosium MOT is twofold: it does not require frequency doubling setups to generate the laser light [5,6] and the aforementioned pre-cooling stages [5,7]. Simplifying this process allows more laboratories worldwide to implement Dysprosium trapping and further our understanding of its exotic physics.Dysprosium is the most magnetic element on the periodic table, which gives it the potential to display exotic physics. To study magnetic interacting atoms, we plan to capture single atoms of Dysprosium in optical tweezers, as done with Rubidium atoms in [1]. The first step is a 3D magneto-optical trap (MOT), which combines the optical molasses technique [2] and spatial-dependent Zeeman splitting [3] to trap a cloud of Dysprosium atoms. The MOT is inside an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) chamber and an effusion cell produces a hot beam of Dysprosium atoms, from which it loads. An amplified external cavity diode laser, locked to an optical reference cavity, generates the 421 nm light that forms the optical molasses. Water-cooled coils in a quadrupole configuration generate the magnetic fields. Our experiment is the first to load the MOT directly in the hot beam, prioritising simplicity over a large MOT population by going without a 2D MOT or Zeeman slower, used in [4] and [5]. This thesis presents our design and implementation of the simple Dysprosium MOT, shown in Fig. 1. We also show the characteristics of the MOT and atomic source. The simplification of the Dysprosium MOT is twofold: it does not require frequency doubling setups to generate the laser light [5,6] and the aforementioned pre-cooling stages [5,7]. Simplifying this process allows more laboratories worldwide to implement Dysprosium trapping and further our understanding of its exotic physics.

Jan 24, 20250 citations

A thermal atomic beam of dysprosium atoms is cooled using the $4{f}^{10}6{s}^{2}(J=8)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4{f}^{10}6s6p(J=9)$ transition at

421

nm. The cooling is done via a standing light wave orthogonal to the atomic beam. Efficient transverse cooling to the Doppler limit is demonstrated for all observable isotopes of dysprosium. Branching ratios to metastable states are demonstrated to be

<

$5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$. A scheme for enhancement of the nonzero-nuclear-spin-isotope cooling and a method for direct identification of possible trap states are proposed.