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Acta Scientiarum Mathematicarum

Quantum divergences from Bures–Wasserstein and spectral geometric means via the transition operator

Dinh Trung Hoa, Anh Thi Nguyen, Ai Nhan D. Nguyen, Trung Dung Vuong

Published Oct 3, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s44146-026-00273-2

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Covariance dynamics on the positive-definite cone are commonly described by gradient flows, which encode dissipative relaxation but obscure the underlying phase-space structure. We construct a finite-dimensional Hamiltonian lift of covariance dynamics on Symn+^+_nn+​ equipped with the Bures--Wasserstein metric. The natural mechanical Lagrangian yields canonical momentum Π=12LΣ[Σ˙]Π=\tfrac12 L_Σ[\dotΣ]Π=21​LΣ​[Σ˙], where LΣL_ΣLΣ​ is the Lyapunov operator, and explicit Hamiltonian H(Σ,Π)=2tr(ΠΣΠ)+V(Σ)\mathcal{H}(Σ,Π) = 2{\rm tr}(ΠΣΠ)+V(Σ)H(Σ,Π)=2tr(ΠΣΠ)+V(Σ). Adding Rayleigh dissipation recovers the Bures--Wasserstein gradient flow in the overdamped limit. For a spectral-floor and trace-control potential, the quadratic fluctuation Hamiltonian around the isotropic equilibrium separates trace and traceless modes; the baseline stiffness diverges as (s−ν)−2(s-ν)^{-2}(s−ν)−2 as the equilibrium covariance approaches the floor. The construction identifies a conservative parent system for constrained Bures--Wasserstein covariance relaxation and fixes the local stiffness scale induced by the spectral floor.
The indispensability of the complex structure in quantum mechanics has beenexperimentally confirmed, but the geometric description of the latent world (modaldimension) still lacks a rigorous metric theory. This paper elevates the latent worldalgebraic framework to the level of information geometry, proving that the naturalmetric carried by the latent world subalgebra Alat is precisely the Bures-Wassersteinmetric, and that the measurement projection π : A → Aobs corresponds to a gradient flow from the Wasserstein-2 space to the Fisher-Rao space. The core discoveryis that the critical condition for the information potential difference ∆µ ≥ ln2 isequivalent to the curvature singularity of the Bures distance, and the projection dynamics is exactly the blow-up solution of the Wasserstein gradient flow at the divergence of the Ricci curvature. This paper establishes the exact relation Klat = −14FQ between the latent world curvature Klat and the quantum Fisher information FQ,proposes testable predictions of information-geometric phase transitions, and extends the framework to noncommutative geometry (spectral triples) and interfaceswith quantum gravity. This work provides a unified perspective of differential geometry and optimal transport for understanding the quantum-classical transition.
We construct the covariance-sector Bures geometry of centered bosonic Gaussian states from the Gaussian symmetric-logarithmic-derivative equation and determine its quantum-admissible domain. At the Williamson uncertainty floor, the boundary geometry is anisotropic: spectrum-changing radial coefficients diverge, whereas squeezing and rotation directions along the pure Gaussian orbit remain finite. Dually, the covariance cometric acquires an exact m2m^2m2-dimensional kernel when mmm modes become pure, yet the boundary remains at finite radial Bures distance. We derive the potential Φ=−12∑klog⁡(νk2−14), Φ=-\tfrac12\sum_k\log(ν_k^2-\tfrac14), Φ=−21​∑k​log(νk2​−41​), which generates fixed-frame covariance dilation and equals βFβFβF on fixed-Hamiltonian thermal families. At large symplectic eigenvalue, the relative quantum correction is O(ℏ2/ν2)O(\hbar^2/ν^2)O(ℏ2/ν2), recovering covariance Fisher--Rao geometry. This intrinsic classical regime differs from the pure-state boundary, where classical statistics require a specified measurement channel. As a secondary comparison, the normalized Bures, Fisher--Rao, and action-matched Bures--Wasserstein determinant densities possess an exact one-mode junction at (x,η)=(φ,φ),x=2ν/ℏ. (x,η)=(\sqrt{\varphi},\sqrt{\varphi}),\qquad x=2ν/\hbar. (x,η)=(φ​,φ​),x=2ν/ℏ. This junction is kinematic, and its branch interpretation is conditional. At a prescribed finite nonzero compression rate, the Bures action diverges while the Bures--Wasserstein cost remains finite; a bounded Bures budget instead enforces radial deceleration.