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International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks

Subwavelength Photonics with Optical Nanofibres as a Hybrid Quantum Interface

Samuel Begumya, Anna Kortel, Zohreh Shahrabifarahani, Aswathy Raj, Mohammed Zia Jalaludeen, Síle Nic Chormaic

Published Jul 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1109/icton71309.2026.11704992

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Ultrathin optical fibres integrated into cold atom setups are proving to be ideal building blocks for atom-photon hybrid quantum networks. Such optical nanofibres (ONFs) can be used for the demonstration of nonlinear optics and quantum interference phenomena in atomic media. Here, we report on the observation of multilevel cascaded electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) using an optical nanofibre to interface cold 87 Rb atoms. Intense evanescent fields can be achieved at ultralow probe (780 nm) and coupling (776 nm) powers when the beams propagate through the nanofibre. The observed multipeak transparency spectra of the probe beam could offer a method for simultaneously slowing down multiple wavelengths in an optical nanofibre or for generating ONF-guided entangled beams, showing the potential of such an atom-nanofibre system for quantum information. We also demonstrate all-optical-switching in the all-fibred system using the obtained EIT effect.
Recent progress in quantum nanophotonics brings novel ways for manipulating single photons in various nano-waveguides. Among them, one promising approach is to use optical nanofibres (ONFs), tapered optical fibres with sub-wavelength diameter waists. Here, we develop a hybrid system of an ONF and a single quantum dot (QD) operated at cryogenic temperatures. We deposit a single colloidal CdSe QD on an ONF waist and observe emitted photons through the fibre guided modes. We systematically investigate emission characteristics for both the neutral exciton and charged exciton (trion) for one specific QD. We quantitatively show that the trion at cryogenic temperatures acts as an excellent quantum emitter for the ONF and QD hybrid system. The present ONF/QD hybrid system at cryogenic temperatures paves the way for quantum information technologies for manipulating single photons in fibre networks.
Photonics platforms combining laser-cooled atoms with optical nanofibres facilitate strong light–matter interactions across the classical and quantum regimes. The subwavelength confinement of the fibre-guided modes produces a large evanescent field, allowing efficient coupling of light to nearby atoms. We investigate atom-mediated processes in nanofibre-based platforms, with particular focus on Rydberg excitation of cold 87 Rb in close proximity to a dielectric. We identify key limitations to excitation efficiency and discuss alternative trapping strategies to overcome these effects.