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Theoretical and Physical Boundaries of Lattice-Based Post-Quantum Cryptography: An Anatomical Critique of Thermodynamic Entropy Bounds Integrated into Security Reductions (Vol-IX)

Syed Muntasir Mamun

Published Jan 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This ninth volume closes a critical gap in post-quantum cryptography (PQC) by deriving hybrid, thermodynamic-augmented security reductions for lattice-based architectures. The work shifts the definition of cryptographic resilience from model-relative computational assumptions (Tier-1) to a physically conserved resource strictly bounded by the irreversible laws of thermodynamics and fractal phase-space geometry (Tier-2). The proposed construction, Thermodynamic-LWE (T-LWE), mandates noise generation via physically irreducible Enclave-Oracle Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and utilizes heavy-tailed Lévy/Cauchy distributions to enforce physical interaction limits. By integrating Landauer's principle for the cost of quantum Mamun, SM (2026) …………………………….1 Theoretical and Physical Boundaries of Lattice-Based Post-Quantum Cryptography: An Anatomical Critique of Thermodynamic Entropy Bounds Integrated into Security Reductions (Vol-IX) K S C state preparation and the Fannes-Audenaert inequality for von Neumann entropy continuity, the analysis proves that any quantum adversary attempting sophisticated extraction algorithms incurs a non-bypassable information-theoretic penalty. This penalty is exponentially amplified by the multifractal topology ($D_f$) of the noise distribution. The resulting framework furnishes the global cryptographic community with deployable, entropy-augmented security proofs, anchoring quantum resilience to immutable physical laws. Also available on Academia.edu: https://www.academia.edu/attachments/132780724/download_file?s=portfolio

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.22991690

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The transition to post-quantum cryptography (PQC) based on the Learning with Errors (LWE) problem suffers from a critical epistemological gap: its security is predicated on transient computational bottlenecks, not information-theoretic permanence, making it vulnerable to mature quantum algorithms like Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) error correction. This critique argues that absolute quantum resilience requires a pivot to inherently hybrid architectures that systematically combine LWE's computational efficiency with the absolute, physics-bound security of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and Physical Random Oracles (PROs), such as Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs). This volume details these hybrid primitives, addressing structural vulnerabilities in standard PQC and QKD. Key architectural syntheses include the Lattice PUF, which provably binds ML-modeling resistance to the LWE problem hardness using PAC theory, and Quantum-Locked Physical Mamun, SM (2026) …………………………………….1 Theoretical and Physical Boundaries of Lattice-Based Post-Quantum Cryptography: An Anatomical Critique of Hybrid Info-Theoretic and Computational Primitives (Vol-II) K S C Primitives (HLPUF, HEPUF), which utilize conjugate coding and entanglement to provide authentication guarantees independent of algorithmic hardness. Also available on Academia.edu: https://www.academia.edu/attachments/132761055/download_file?s=portfolio
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This review provides a detailed anatomical dissection of Jung et al. (2026), a recent preprint that challenges the prevailing classification of lattice-based cryptography—particularly the Learning with Errors (LWE) paradigm—as unconditionally "post-quantum." The paper systematically interrogates LWE across computational complexity, information-theoretic thermodynamics, quantum error correction (QEC), and quantum learning theory, arguing that its security rests on transient physical and engineering bottlenecks rather than fundamental theoretical barriers. We evaluate the paper's structure, strengths, and limitations; situate its claims within at least ten competing models and theories in post-quantum cryptography (PQC); examine the ontological (nature of cryptographic security) and epistemological (justification KSCCN Mamun, SM (2026)…………………………………1 Theoretical and Physical Boundaries of Lattice-Based Post-Quantum Cryptography: An Anatomical Critique of Noise-Reliant Security in the Quantum Era (Vol-I) of security claims) dimensions of its central themes; and propose extensions and ideation pathways. While the work offers a provocative interdisciplinary synthesis, its conclusions remain largely speculative and do not constitute a practical break of standardized schemes. Nonetheless, it underscores critical gaps in the long-term robustness of noise-dependent PQC. Also available on Academia.edu: https://www.academia.edu/attachments/132758388/download_file?s=portfolio
This seventh volume of the series establishes the first formal post-post-quantum taxonomy—a three-tier ontological and epistemological hierarchy that reclassifies all post-quantum cryptographic schemes according to the fundamental nature and justification of their security. The hierarchy progresses from computational (algorithmic hardness assumptions) through physical (thermodynamic, noise-engineered, and hardware-constrained irreversibility) to device-independent (information-theoretic guarantees independent of device implementation). Building directly upon the anatomical critiques, hybrid primitives (Vol II), QRAM-hardness (Vol III), parameterized adversary models (Vol IV), GKP-resistant countermeasures (Vol V), and NISQ empirical validation (Vol VI), we provide a complete reclassification of NIST PQC standards, hybrid protocols, and the novel primitives introduced across the series. Dedicated Mamun, SM (2026) ……………………………….1 Theoretical and Physical Boundaries of Lattice-Based Post-Quantum Cryptography: An Anatomical Critique of Post-Post-Quantum Taxonomy (Vol-VII) sections dissect the ontology (what security is) and epistemology (how security claims are known and justified) of each tier. K S C The taxonomy reveals that current lattice-based schemes remain anchored in the provisional computational tier, while the countermeasures developed in Vols III–VI elevate them into the physical tier. True device-independent security remains an aspirational frontier. Also available on Academia.edu: https://www.academia.edu/attachments/132771868/download_file?s=portfolio
The foundational security of lattice-based post-quantum cryptography (PQC), underpinned by the Learning with Errors (LWE) problem, faces a critical physical vulnerability: the structural isomorphism between its standard discrete Gaussian noise and the continuous-variable displacement errors correctable by Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) bosonic codes. This vulnerability suggests that a fault-tolerant quantum adversary could physically extract the secret by neutralizing the LWE noise via advanced quantum error correction (QEC) protocols. This final volume of the analytical series addresses this loophole by designing and formalizing a suite of GKP-resistant Mamun, SM (2026) …………………………………….1 Theoretical and Physical Boundaries of Lattice-Based Post-Quantum Cryptography: An Anatomical Critique of GKP-Lattice Crypto Countermeasures (Vol-V) K S C LWE countermeasures. These variants engineer non-Gaussian physical noise distributions—specifically heavy-tailed Cauchy and Lévy-stable noise, structured long-range correlated noise, and multi-modal lattice-modulated errors—that deliberately violate the bounded-distance thresholds and local Markovian assumptions of concatenated surface-GKP architectures. The analysis demonstrates that these engineered noise profiles retain highly efficient classical decryption while forcing quantum syndrome extraction into an information-theoretically lossy and computationally intractable (NP-hard) regime. Also available on Academia.edu: https://www.academia.edu/attachments/132771487/download_file?s=portfolio