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Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Fizika

Transient processes and light amplification in polar molecules oriented stateselectively by an external pulsed electric field

Igor A. Kuzovatov, Vitaly V. Slabko, A. V. Shamshurin

Published Jan 1, 2026• 0 citations
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Abstract

The possibility of inversionless amplification of light by dichroic polar molecules oriented selectively by states by applying an external pulsed electric field is considered. It is shown that when the orienting field is switched on abruptly, transient processes occur that lead to an increase in the light gain coefficient, which can be several times greater than its value in the quasi-stationary mode. An interpretation of the effect is given based on a comparison of the interaction energy of molecules with the orienting field in the ground and excited states.

DOI
10.17223/00213411/69/6/9

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The possibility of inversionless amplification of light by dichroic polar molecules oriented selectively by states by applying an external pulsed electric field is considered. It is shown that when the orienting field is switched on abruptly, transient processes occur that lead to an increase in the light gain coefficient, which can be several times greater than its value in the quasi-stationary mode. An interpretation of the effect is given based on a comparison of the interaction energy of molecules with the orienting field in the ground and excited states.
The possibility of inversion-free amplification of light by dichroic molecules that can be oriented selectively over states by application of an external field is analyzed. The effect of the relation between the life-time of the excited state and the time of stabilization of orientation equilibrium on the amplification factor is considered on the basis of the coupled system of Boltzmann equations for the ground and excited states, which are characterized by different energies of interaction with the orienting field.
A possibility of inversionless amplification of light by non-dipole molecules oriented state-selectively by means of superimposing of external laser radiation is considered. Various variants of mutual direction of electrical vectors of the probe and orienting fields are numerically analysed for specific ratios of the orientation parameters of the ground and excited states both in pulsed and stationary regimes. It is shown that the variant in which the signs of the orientation parameters of the ground and excited states are opposite is the most promising. The latter can be implemented in selection of the orienting field frequency.
Switching anisotropic molecules from strongly-absorbing to strongly-amplifying through a transparent state is shown to be possible by application of dc or ac control electric fields without the requirement of the population inversion. It is based on decoupling of the lower-level molecules from the resonant light while the excited ones remain emitting due to their state-dependent alignment. The amplification index may become dependent only on a number of excited molecules and not on the population of the lower state. A suitable class of molecules and applications in optoelectronics, fiberoptics and nanophotonics are outlined.
Selection of state-insensitive or ``magic'' trapping conditions with ultracold atoms or molecules, where pairs of internal states experience identical trapping potentials, brings substantial benefits to precision measurements and quantum computing schemes. Working at such conditions could ensure that the detrimental effects of inevitable inhomogeneities across an ultracold sample are significantly reduced. However, this aspect of confinement remains unexplored for ultracold polar molecules. Here, we present means to control the ac Stark shift of rotational states of ultracold diatomic polar molecules, when subjected to both trapping laser light and an external electric field. We show that both the strength and relative orientation of the two fields influence the trapping potential. In particular, we predict ``magic electric field strengths'' and a ``magic angle,'' where the Stark shift is independent of the dc external field for certain rotational states of the molecule.