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量子レーダー研究のためのスクイーズド光源及びホモダイン測定系の開発

元太 政田, Dan Murakami, 丈尚 岩越, 正宜 相馬

Published Mar 1, 2017• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We started to research quantum radar based on a quantum illumination method by utilizing continuous-wave two-mode squeezed light as a quantum entanglement resource. Two-mode squeezed light is a macroscopic quantum entangled state of electro-magnetic fields and shows a property of non-classical correlation between quadrature phase amplitudes of each optical field. One of the most effective methods to generate two-mode squeezed light is combining two independent single-mode squeezed light beams by using a beam splitter. As a first step of our work we introduce current development of a single-mode squeezed light source and construction of a balanced homodyne detection part. We utilized a sub-threshold optical parametric oscillator to generate squeezed light and observed the noise level of squeezed quadrature at -3.08±0.13 dB and anti-squeezed quadrature at 9.29±0.13 dB by balanced homodyne measurement.

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We started to research quantum radar based on a quantum illumination method by utilizing continuous-wave two-mode squeezed light as a quantum entanglement resource. Two-mode squeezed light is a macroscopic quantum entangled state of electro-magnetic fields and shows a property of non-classical correlation between quadrature phase amplitudes of each optical field. One of the most effective methods to generate two-mode squeezed light is combining two independent single-mode squeezed light beams by using a beam splitter. As a first step of our work we introduce current development of a single-mode squeezed light source and construction of a balanced homodyne detection part. We utilized a sub-threshold optical parametric oscillator to generate squeezed light and observed the noise level of squeezed quadrature at -3.08±0.13 dB and anti-squeezed quadrature at 9.29±0.13 dB by balanced homodyne measurement.
We started to research quantum illumination radar and quantum imaging by utilizing high quality continuous-wave two-mode squeezed light source as a quantum entanglement resource. Two-mode squeezed light is a macroscopic quantum entangled state of the electro-magnetic field and shows strong correlation between quadrature phase amplitudes of each optical field. One of the most effective methods to generate two-mode squeezed light is combining two independent single-mode squeezed lights by using a beam splitter with relative phase of 90 degrees between each optical field. As a first stage of our work we are developing two-mode squeezed light source for exploring the possibility of quantum illumination radar and quantum imaging. In this article we introduce current development of experimental investigation of single-mode squeezed light. We utilize a sub-threshold optical parametric oscillator with bow-tie configuration which includes a periodically-polled potassium titanyl phosphate crystal as a nonlinear optical medium. We observed the noise level of squeezed quadrature −3.08±0.13 dB and anti-squeezed quadrature at 9.29±0.13 dB, respectively. We also demonstrated the remote tuning of squeezing level of the light source which leads to the technology for tuning the quantum entanglement in order to adapt to the actual environmental condition.
Two-mode squeezed light is a macroscopic quantum entangled state of electro-magnetic fields and shows non-classical correlation between quadrature phase amplitudes in each optical mode. In this work the author is developing a high-quality two-mode squeezed light source for exploring the possibility of a quantum radar system based on a quantum illumination method and also expecting to apply it to quantum imaging. Two-mode squeezed light can be generated by combining two independent single-mode squeezed light beams using a beam splitter with a relative optical phase of 90 degrees between them. In current experimental progress the author developed two sub-threshold optical parametric oscillators to generate single-mode squeezed light beams. In the actual quantum radar or quantum imaging system, a turbulent atmosphere degrades quantum entanglement of a light source and affects performance of target detection. An optical loss is one of the simplest and most probable examples of environmental factors. In this work an evaluation method for quantum entanglement of two-mode squeezed light source is developed with consideration for the optical loss based on Duan's inseparability criteria.
Two-mode squeezed light is an effective resource for quantum entanglement and shows a non-classical correlation between each optical mode. We are developing a two-mode squeezed light source to explore the possibility of quantum radar based on the quantum illumination theory. It is expected that the error probability for discrimination of target presence or absence is improved even in a lossy and noisy environment. We are also expecting to apply two-mode squeezed light source to quantum imaging. In this work we generated two-mode squeezed light and verify its quantum entanglement property towards quantum radar and imaging. Firstly we generated two independent single-mode squeezed light beams utilizing two sub-threshold optical parametric oscillators which include periodically-polled potassium titanyl phosphate crystals for the second order nonlinear interaction. Two single-mode squeezed light beams are combined using a half mirror with the relative optical phase of 90◦ between each optical field. Then entangled two-mode squeezed light beams can be generated. We observes correlation variances between quadrature phase amplitudes in entangled two-mode fields by balanced homodyne measurement. Finally we verified quantum entanglement property of two-mode squeezed light source based on Duan’s and Simon’s inseparability criterion.
Squeezed light is a nonclassical state of electro-magnetic field and has noise suppressed below the standard quantum limit in one quadrature component while increased in the other. One of the important applications of squeezed lights is quantum enhanced sensing such as gravitational wave detector with ultimate resolution. Another important application is continuous variables quantum teleportation which utilizes two mode squeezed lights as an essential resource for quantum entanglement. In these applications the final outcome is limited by squeezing level. So it is important to generate highly squeezed light. Over the past few decades a considerable number of the experiments have been performed to generate highly squeezed lights. One of the successful methods is utilization of a sub-threshold optical parametric oscillator (OPO) which includes a nonlinear optical crystal. In this article we will introduce current development of experimental investigation of continuous-wave highly squeezed light by utilizing the OPO and current topics about applications of squeezed light.
Squeezed state light is a fundamental resource for many quantum optics experiments. Important applications like quantum-enhanced magnetometer and quantum key distribution, require the squeezing level as high as possible. In balanced homodyne detection, the detector output is directly proportional to the noise of the squeezed beam. The detected quadrature is dependent on the relative phase between the squeezed beam and local oscillator. Here, we present a balanced homodyne detector (BHD) with independent phase control and noise detection branches. The independence between the phase control and noise detection branches is experimentally verified, the two branches are independently optimized according to the practical requirements. With the BHD, a bright squeezed light at 1550 nm with quantum noise reduction of 10.3 dB is directly detected. After stabilizing the relative phase between the squeezed states and local oscillator by the phase locking branch of the BHD, the fluctuation of the noise suppression is ±0.2 dB by 1-h testing time.
Quantum correlations, particularly squeezing and entanglement, are essential in quantum technologies such as metrology, computation, and simulation, as well as in foundational studies. In quantum optics, these phenomena are often intertwined: two squeezed beams can be transformed into entangled beams by mixing them at a beam splitter, and vice versa. However, it is less common to encounter states where two beams are simultaneously squeezed individually while retaining global entanglement. These hybrid states evidently present potential possibilities for applications. In this work, we propose a compact single-cavity source based on a nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator operated below threshold, capable of generating such light—signal and idler beams that are quadrature-squeezed individually while maintaining global entanglement. This behavior arises from an additional linear coupling between the signal and idler, resembling a beam-splitter interaction. We discuss two physical implementations of this system: one based on intra-cavity electro-optic modulators and the other on optomechanical interactions. This unique combination of local and non-local quantum correlations opens the door to novel quantum communication and metrology protocols.