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Quantum-Enhanced Bayesian Optimization with Adaptive Query Strategies

Jincheng Zhang

Published Sep 2, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper presents a novel approach to Bayesian Optimization (BO) that leverages quantum computation to significantly accelerate the optimization process. The core idea is to employ a quantum circuit to estimate the gradient of the objective function, providing a richer and potentially more accurate signal for the classical Bayesian optimizer. Crucially, the algorithm incorporates adaptive query strategies, dynamically adjusting its exploration based on the observed interference effects within the quantum circuit. This synergy between classical Bayesian inference and quantum gradient estimation promises enhanced exploration and faster convergence compared to traditional BO methods. We detail the architecture of the proposed algorithm, outlining the quantum circuit design, the Bayesian optimization framework, and the adaptive query strategy. The theoretical analysis suggests a potential improvement in the exploration efficiency, particularly in high-dimensional search spaces. The algorithm's adaptability allows it to overcome challenges often encountered in BO, such as the "curse of dimensionality," leading to improved performance across a range of optimization problems. The method's effectiveness is demonstrated through a conceptual framework and analytical discussion, highlighting the key components and their interactions.

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.22247298

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Bayesian Optimization (BO) is a powerful technique for optimizing black-box functions, frequently employed in areas such as machine learning hyperparameter tuning and experimental design. However, its performance can degrade significantly in high-dimensional spaces, leading to slow convergence and increased computational cost. This paper introduces a novel approach to Bayesian Optimization inspired by quantum amplitude amplification, a technique rooted in quantum computing. Our method utilizes a probabilistic representation of candidate solutions within a Hilbert space, employing amplitude amplification to systematically bias the search towards promising regions of the solution space. This approach aims to accelerate the optimization process, particularly in scenarios where traditional BO methods struggle due to the curse of dimensionality. The core claim of this work is to demonstrate a speedup in convergence compared to standard BO algorithms, leveraging the principles of amplitude amplification for enhanced exploration and exploitation. The theoretical framework is presented, alongside a detailed explanation of the algorithm's components, and the results are discussed, highlighting the potential for improved efficiency in complex optimization problems. We focus on the core mechanics of using amplitude amplification to enhance the probability of finding optimal solutions.
Bayesian optimization has emerged as a powerful technique for tackling high-dimensional black-box optimization problems. However, its performance often degrades significantly when the dimensionality of the search space increases, a phenomenon known as the "curse of dimensionality." This paper proposes a novel approach – Quantum-Inspired Bayesian Optimization – that addresses this limitation by incorporating principles inspired by quantum computing, specifically quantum annealing. The core idea is to utilize a modified version of quantum annealing to guide the acquisition of function evaluations, exploiting superposition and interference to enhance exploration in high-dimensional spaces. We formulate the optimization problem as a quantum-inspired search, where candidate solutions exist in a superposition of states and are refined through interference effects. The algorithm iteratively updates the probability distribution over the search space, favoring regions with high potential based on the quantum-inspired exploration strategy. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach through theoretical analysis and illustrate its potential through conceptual examples, highlighting its ability to mitigate the curse of dimensionality and improve optimization performance compared to traditional Bayesian optimization methods. The key contributions of this work include the formalization of the quantum-inspired Bayesian optimization framework, the design of the modified quantum annealing algorithm for Bayesian optimization, and the theoretical justification for its improved exploration capabilities.
Bayesian Optimization (BO) has emerged as a powerful technique for optimizing black-box functions, particularly in scenarios with expensive evaluations. However, its performance often degrades in high-dimensional spaces due to the curse of dimensionality, leading to inefficient exploration of the search landscape. This work proposes a novel approach to BO that leverages the principles of quantum mechanics, specifically entanglement, to accelerate the optimization process. We introduce a framework where candidate solutions are represented as entangled quantum states. This representation inherently captures correlations between different parts of the search space, enabling a more focused and efficient exploration strategy. The core mechanism involves evaluating the objective function for these entangled states, allowing the algorithm to exploit the natural correlations. We demonstrate the efficacy of this quantum-inspired BO method through theoretical analysis and a conceptual illustration, showcasing its potential to outperform traditional BO methods in high-dimensional problems. The key innovation lies in translating the concept of quantum entanglement into a classical optimization framework, offering a fundamentally different approach to exploration and potentially unlocking significant performance gains.
This paper investigates the potential of quantum computing to accelerate hyperparameter tuning within Bayesian optimization frameworks. Traditional Bayesian optimization can be computationally expensive, particularly when dealing with high-dimensional hyperparameter spaces. We propose a novel approach leveraging quantum amplitude estimation (QAE) to efficiently estimate the expected improvement function, a core component of Bayesian optimization. The theoretical framework outlines how QAE's speedup can translate into faster convergence and improved hyperparameter selection. We present a detailed mathematical description of the algorithm and its key components, emphasizing the transformation of the Bayesian optimization problem into a suitable form for quantum execution. The primary focus is on the theoretical advantages, without experimental validation, exploring the potential for significant speedups compared to classical Bayesian optimization methods. The paper concludes with a discussion of the challenges and future directions for this research area.
Bayesian Optimization (BO) is a powerful technique for optimizing black-box functions, particularly effective in scenarios with expensive evaluations. However, its performance often degrades significantly in high-dimensional search spaces, a phenomenon known as the "curse of dimensionality." This paper introduces a novel Bayesian Optimization framework termed Quantum-Inspired Bayesian Optimization (QIBO) that addresses this limitation by leveraging concepts from quantum mechanics, specifically entanglement, to structure the search space. QIBO models the search space as an entangled quantum system, where updates to individual parameters are constrained through Bell inequality-inspired mechanisms. This promotes correlated exploration and exploitation, leading to potentially faster convergence and improved performance compared to traditional BO. We formulate the optimization problem as a quantum state evolution governed by the Bell inequalities, and demonstrate its efficacy through theoretical analysis and conceptual examples, highlighting the potential for QIBO to overcome the challenges posed by high-dimensional search spaces. The key contribution lies in the strategic introduction of entanglement to guide the search process, moving beyond purely independent updates often found in standard BO.
Bayesian Optimization (BO) has emerged as a powerful technique for optimizing black-box functions, particularly in scenarios where evaluations are expensive. However, traditional BO often suffers from inefficient exploration due to the reliance on a fixed, uniform prior distribution. This paper proposes a novel Bayesian Optimization framework, termed Quantum-Inspired Bayesian Optimization with Adaptive Entanglement (QIBOA), which draws inspiration from quantum mechanics, specifically the concept of adaptive entanglement, to dynamically adjust the prior distribution. The core idea is to represent the prior distribution using entangled states, where the entanglement strength is adaptively modified based on the observed function values. Higher entanglement indicates greater uncertainty and encourages exploration, while lower entanglement signifies higher confidence and promotes exploitation. The adaptive nature of this entanglement allows QIBOA to effectively balance exploration and exploitation, leading to improved optimization performance. We demonstrate the effectiveness of QIBOA through theoretical analysis and illustrate its advantages with simulations against established BO algorithms. The key contributions of this work include a new exploration strategy rooted in quantum-inspired concepts and a framework for dynamically adapting the prior distribution in Bayesian Optimization.