Secure Multi-Party Computation via Physically-Inspired Quantum Key Distribution

Jincheng Zhang

Published Sep 2, 2026• 0 citations

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel approach to secure multi-party computation (MPC) by directly integrating principles from physically-inspired quantum key distribution (PQKD). Current MPC protocols, while offering theoretical security guarantees, are demonstrably vulnerable to sophisticated attacks exploiting weaknesses in classical cryptographic assumptions. This work addresses these vulnerabilities by utilizing the fundamentally secure key exchange mechanisms inherent in PQKD. The core idea is to replace traditional cryptographic key distribution with a quantum-based process, generating a shared key between parties in a way that any attempt to intercept or manipulate the key exchange will inevitably introduce detectable errors. This paper details the protocol design, focusing on the practical considerations of implementing PQKD within an MPC framework. The protocol utilizes Bell state measurements and decoy states to ensure key security, and addresses challenges related to synchronization and error correction. The theoretical analysis demonstrates the enhanced security provided by this approach, highlighting its resilience against various attack vectors, including model attacks and chosen-plaintext attacks. We present a novel protocol, termed "PQKD-MPC," which aims to provide a practical and robust solution for secure computation in scenarios where the underlying assumptions of classical cryptography are questionable. The paper concludes with a discussion of potential future research directions and the limitations of the proposed approach.

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22241945

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