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Quantum Generative Adversarial Networks for Synthetic Data Generation

Jincheng Zhang

Published Sep 2, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper investigates the application of Quantum Generative Adversarial Networks (QGANs) for the generation of synthetic data. Traditional Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) often face challenges in producing high-quality synthetic data, especially when dealing with complex data distributions. We propose a novel framework utilizing quantum circuits to construct both the generator and discriminator within a QGAN architecture. The core innovation lies in harnessing quantum superposition and interference during the adversarial training process to potentially improve the realism and diversity of the generated synthetic data. Our approach introduces a theoretical foundation and a conceptual design for QGANs, paving the way for future research and development in this emerging field. The primary goal is to demonstrate the potential benefits of incorporating quantum mechanical principles into the GAN framework, leading to enhanced synthetic data generation capabilities. The performance of a QGAN is expected to be superior to a classical GAN due to the unique properties of quantum systems.

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.22242053

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This paper investigates the application of Quantum Generative Adversarial Networks (QGANs) to data augmentation for machine learning. Traditional Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) rely on classical neural networks, while this research explores leveraging quantum circuits as generators within a QGAN architecture. The core idea is to train a quantum generator to produce synthetic data samples, supplementing existing datasets with novel instances. The discriminator remains a classical neural network, tasked with distinguishing between real and generated data. We present a theoretical framework for this approach, outlining the mathematical formulation and key components. Specifically, we introduce the notation (x, s_1, s_2, ..., s_K) to represent data samples, generator states, and relevant parameters. The objective function for the QGAN is defined as minimizing the Jensen-Shannon divergence between the real and generated data distributions. The effectiveness of this approach is discussed, highlighting potential advantages and challenges. This work contributes to the emerging field of quantum machine learning and offers a novel strategy for improving the performance of machine learning models, particularly in scenarios with limited training data.
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