Bell's theorem, and its experimental tests, has shown that the two premises for Bell's inequality—locality and objective reality—cannot both hold in nature, as Bell's inequality is broken. A simple test is proposed, which for the first time may decide which alternative nature actually prefers on the fundamental, quantum level. If each microscopic event is truly random (e.g., as assumed in orthodox quantum mechanics) objective reality is not valid whereas if each event is described by an unknown but deterministic mechanism (“hidden variables”) locality is not valid. This may be analyzed and decided by the well-known reconstruction method of Ruelle and Takens; in the former case no structure should be discerned, in the latter a reconstructed structure should be visible. This could in principle be tested by comparing individual “hits” in a double-slit experiment, but in practice a single fluorescent atom, and its (seemingly random) temporal switching between active/inactive states would possibly be better/more practical, easier to set up, observe, and analyze. However, only imagination limits the list of possible experimental setups.Bell's theorem, and its experimental tests, has shown that the two premises for Bell's inequality—locality and objective reality—cannot both hold in nature, as Bell's inequality is broken. A simple test is proposed, which for the first time may decide which alternative nature actually prefers on the fundamental, quantum level. If each microscopic event is truly random (e.g., as assumed in orthodox quantum mechanics) objective reality is not valid whereas if each event is described by an unknown but deterministic mechanism (“hidden variables”) locality is not valid. This may be analyzed and decided by the well-known reconstruction method of Ruelle and Takens; in the former case no structure should be discerned, in the latter a reconstructed structure should be visible. This could in principle be tested by comparing individual “hits” in a double-slit experiment, but in practice a single fluorescent atom, and its (seemingly random) temporal switching between active/inactive states would possibly be better/more practical, easier to set up, observe, and analyze. However, only imagination limits the list of possible experimental setups.

arXiv:1104.1963Physics Research InternationalJan 29, 20120 citations

Bell’s Inequalities Experiments

Climério Paulo da Silva Neto

SpringerBriefs in history of science and technologyJan 1, 20230 citations

Separability inequalities on N-qudit correlations exponentially stronger than local reality inequalities

Shasanka Mohan Roy

I derive separability inequalities for Bell correlations of observables in arbitrary pure or mixed $N$ Qudit states in $D^N$ -dimensional state space. I find states (a continuum of states if $D>3$ ) including maximally entangled states which violate these inequalities by a factor $2^{N-1}$ ; local reality Bell inequalities are much weaker, their maximum violation being by a factor $2^{(N-1)/2}$ . The separability inequalities allow tests of entanglement of unknown states using only the measured correlations .I derive separability inequalities for Bell correlations of observables in arbitrary pure or mixed $N$ Qudit states in $D^N$-dimensional state space. I find states (a continuum of states if $D>3$) including maximally entangled states which violate these inequalities by a factor $2^{N-1}$ ; local reality Bell inequalities are much weaker, their maximum violation being by a factor $2^{(N-1)/2}$. The separability inequalities allow tests of entanglement of unknown states using only the measured correlations .

arXiv:2001.11687Jan 31, 20200 citations

Tests of Bell inequalities

Lev Vaidman A

arXiv:quant-ph/0107057Physics Letters AJul 1, 200133 citations

Experimental Tests of Bell’s Inequalities

Alain Aspect, Philippe Grangier

NATO ASI series. Series B : PhysicsJan 1, 19952 citations

I derive separability inequalities for Bell correlations of observables in arbitrary pure or mixed

N

Qudit states in

D^N

-dimensional state space. I find states (a continuum of states if

D>3

) including maximally entangled states which violate these inequalities by a factor

2^{N-1}

; local reality Bell inequalities are much weaker, their maximum violation being by a factor

2^{(N-1)/2}

. The separability inequalities allow tests of entanglement of unknown states using only the measured correlations .