SPIE eBooks

Prerequisite Knowledge of Classical Optics

Moamer Hasanovic

Published Aug 31, 2026• 0 citations

Abstract

This chapter introduces quantum optics, focusing on wave-particle duality, superposition, entanglement, and quantum teleportation, while employing algebra, trigonometry, and physical reasoning to make quantum mechanics accessible without calculus. It systematically builds from classical optics to historical experiments revealing quantum behavior, using examples and practice problems designed for technician-level education, and prepares students for further study in quantum information science. The chapter explores fundamental properties of light waves, including coherence, polarization, and reflection, with coherent light exhibiting organized interference patterns and incoherent light lacking phase consistency. Polarization is discussed, distinguishing between unpolarized and polarized light, and polarizers are introduced as tools to filter light based on its polarization state. The law of reflection is explained, detailing how light bounces off surfaces based on the angle of incidence and media properties. The chapter also discusses reflection and refraction at media interfaces, introducing Fresnel equations for calculating reflectance for perpendicular and parallel polarized light, simplifying these for normal incidence, and presenting an example calculation for an air–glass interface.

DOI: 10.1117/3.100443.ch1

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