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Advanced Quantum Technologies

Non‐Hermitian Photon‐Phonon Quantization Evolution Controlled by QWP Polarization Phase in Sm 3+ : BiPO 4

Sehrish Aslam, Usman Javed, Fiza Latif, Hamza javaid, Izhar Hussain, Yin Cai, Yanpeng Zhang

Published Aug 29, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

ABSTRACT Non‐Hermitian quantum dynamics provide powerful approaches for controlling gain and loss in open quantum systems. However, experimental methods for tuning non‐Hermitian quantization remain limited. In this work, we investigate the evolution of non‐Hermitian photon–phonon dressed‐state quantization in Sm 3+ : BiPO 4 controlled by the polarization‐dressing phase using a quarter‐wave plate (QWP). We observed three types of destructive and constructive switching behavior, governed by the initial phase and determined by the competition between photon‐dressing Rabi frequency and dephasing rate. By continuously tuning the polarization phase, destructive quantization appears when the dephasing rate is dominant, whereas constructive quantization is stabilized by the photon Rabi frequency. These regimes exhibit discrete optical jumps, Landau‐like step‐level macroscopic quantization, and exceptional‐point switching between correlated states. Lower excitation power further enhances polarization‐controlled dressing quantization because of the larger dephasing rate. These results establish polarization phase as an effective control parameter for non‐Hermitian quantum jumps and macroscopic quantization, opening new possibilities for optical switching and quantum memory applications.

DOI
10.1002/qute.70423

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Abstract Non-Hermitian degeneracies, also known as exceptional points, have recently emerged as a new way to engineer the response of open physical systems, we construct non-Hermitian systems through atomic electromagnetically induced transparency structures, based on which we study energy-level high-dimensional quantized photon correlations under dressing field induced parity-time (PT) symmetry and symmetry breaking. We study the symmetry breaking through exceptional point (EP) control in dressing-controlled energy-level process is natural EP, which are born to be non-Hermitian without artificial photonic structures. When the dressing Rabi frequency (de-phase rate) dominates, the real part (imaginary part) splits, and leads to in-phase (out-of-phase) constructive (destructive) dressing quantization. It can also be used to develop atomic-like symmetry-breaking photonic chips and pseudo-spin devices in the future.
We report photon-phonon dressing quantization dependency on polarization. Destructive dressing polarization quantization is exhibited in fluorescence (FL) for narrowband signals, while constructive dominant dressing quantization is exhibited in fluorescence (FL) for broadband signals due to phase perturbation. Furthermore, constructive polarization quantization results due to coexistence of generation and dressing effects in strong and competitive Rabi frequency. Low power also contributes to more dressing polarization quantization, the same as in the FL region (large de-phase rate). Furthermore, linear and circular dressing quantization with polarization quantization shows inverse and direct relationships in the FL and spontaneous four-wave-mixing (SFWM) regions, respectively. Such investigations have potential in alignment of crystal field (CF) redistribution by polarization quantization at the input.
This study investigates quasi bound states in the continuum (qBICs) in profile and resonance signals arising from polarization phase quantization in Sm3+:BiPO4. Two types of profile qBICs (third-order non-resonance profile qBIC and fourth-order resonance profile qBIC), result from destructive and constructive quantization phase, respectively. In addition, two types of third-order resonance qBICs, namely two-dark/one-bright states (2D1B) and one-dark/two-bright states (1D2B), are observed at constructive and destructive channel phase, respectively. The third-order 2D1B states resonance qBIC together with two optical jump, comes from eigenvector amplitude splitting near the exceptional point (EP) due to quasi-constructive quantization phase. These findings suggest potential applications in the interference-based quantum memory devices.
Abstract The non‐Hermitian singularity control of multimode entanglement in the energy‐level cascaded four‐wave mixing system within a single atomic vapor is of great significance and importance. In this study, a non‐Hermiticity system by means of quasi‐quantization of energy‐band based on non‐Hermiticity systems is constructed. By employing atomic coherence in the non‐Hermiticity system, high‐dimensional quantized photon correlations underdressed field‐induced parity‐time (PT) symmetry and symmetry breaking through the quantization of energy levels are studied. Such a phenomenon happens at microscopic (nanoscale) when the eigenvalues of dressed energy‐level and multimode entanglement are considered for both real and imaginary parts symmetry breaking. Double dressing effect is observed with more coherent channels and larger information capacity than single dressing in the energy‐level cascaded four‐wave mixing system. The study found that the splitting of the real part is larger than an imaginary part in a second‐order system, and the imaginary part splitting is also greater than the real part splitting in a third‐order system. The real part (in phase) is constructive dressing quantization, and the imaginary (out of phase) is destructive dressing quantization. Exceptional points (EP points) can be used to enhance sensitivity detection of entanglement quantum state.