Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Al Arish Institute Engineering Journal

RIS-Assisted Secret-Key Generation with Seeded Artificial Noise for Enhanced Physical-Layer Security

Ahmed Hussein, Saied DAWOD

Published Jul 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.21608/aiej.2026.520016.1008

Related papers

Ris-Assisted Physical Layer Key Generation for Secure Maritime Uav Communications

Huijuan Zhu, Zhizhong Zhang, Peng Lin

International Conference on Computer Communication and Artificial Intelligence (CCAI)•May 1, 2026•0 citations

Exploiting Malicious RIS for Secret Key Acquisition in Physical-Layer Key Generation

Lei Hu, Guyue Li, Aiqun Hu +1 more

Due to the capability of controlling wireless environments, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) can be exploited to assist radio channel-based physical-layer key generation (PKG). However, this may also pose great security threats to PKG when it is controlled by an attacker. To this end, this letter studies a RIS leakage (RISL) attack that assists the attacker to manipulate the generated keys between the legitimate ends in PKG systems. Specifically, in block fading environments, by alternatingly adapting the RIS reflection coefficients to all 0s and 1s in each block, the received signal strength (RSS) at the legitimate ends is likely to be boosted and attenuated regularly across time, causing predictable 0s and 1s in the quantized bits. To resist this attack, we propose a countermeasure based on dynamic private pilots (CDPP) and prove that the RISL success probability can be significantly reduced by CDPP. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed attack and countermeasure, highlighting the importance of introducing artificial randomness for secret key security in block fading channels.

IEEE Wireless Communications Letters•Nov 7, 2023•14 citations

Secure Communications Using Secret Keys Generated from Noise

Tatsuya Tomaru

The Japan Society of Applied Physics•Feb 8, 2018•0 citations

Physical layer security in RIS-aided communication systems: Secrecy performance analyses

Mustafa Namdar, Arif Başgümüş, Serdar Özgür Ata +1 more

Digital Signal Processing•Jun 26, 2025•9 citations

Enhanced Physical Layer Secret Key Generation via Beyond-Diagonal Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces in Multi-User MIMO Systems

Mina Fadhil Hasan, Aqiel Niama Almamori

Physical Layer Key Generation (PLKG) provides a promising approach for establishing secure cryptographic keys between legitimate parties. However, in static and quasi-static environments, the key generation rate is significantly limited due to the low entropy of the wireless channel. To overcome this, Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) have been proposed to enhance the channel entropy by altering the phase of incident electromagnetic waves. This paper addresses this challenge by proposing a security architecture that integrates a Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) base station with a Beyond-Diagonal Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (BD-RIS) in multi-user scenarios, in the presence of an eavesdropper. Unlike conventional RIS, BD-RIS not only modifies the phase but also the magnitude of the impinging signals, introducing an additional degree of freedom that further enhances channel randomness. The secret key capacity of the proposed system is compared with that of conventional RIS in two scenarios: firstly, when a direct link exists alongside the BD-RIS-assisted link. Secondly, when the direct link is completely obstructed by an obstacle. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed BD-RIS architecture outperforms conventional diagonal RIS (D-RIS) in all scenarios. Furthermore, the generated keys undergo randomness tests, successfully passing all National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) randomness subtests as well as the Autocorrelation (AC) test, confirming their suitability for secure communications. These findings establish BD-RIS as a promising technology for enhancing physical layer security in static environments for 5G/6G networks and IoT applications.

Journal of Engineering•Sep 1, 2025•1 citation

RIS-Assisted Secure Transmission with Artificial Noise: Element Allocation and Measurements

Mustafa Furkan Beker, Ahmet Aktaş, Sefa Kayraklık +1 more

Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU)•Jul 1, 2026•0 citations
Due to the capability of controlling wireless environments, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) can be exploited to assist radio channel-based physical-layer key generation (PKG). However, this may also pose great security threats to PKG when it is controlled by an attacker. To this end, this letter studies a RIS leakage (RISL) attack that assists the attacker to manipulate the generated keys between the legitimate ends in PKG systems. Specifically, in block fading environments, by alternatingly adapting the RIS reflection coefficients to all 0s and 1s in each block, the received signal strength (RSS) at the legitimate ends is likely to be boosted and attenuated regularly across time, causing predictable 0s and 1s in the quantized bits. To resist this attack, we propose a countermeasure based on dynamic private pilots (CDPP) and prove that the RISL success probability can be significantly reduced by CDPP. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed attack and countermeasure, highlighting the importance of introducing artificial randomness for secret key security in block fading channels.
Physical Layer Key Generation (PLKG) provides a promising approach for establishing secure cryptographic keys between legitimate parties. However, in static and quasi-static environments, the key generation rate is significantly limited due to the low entropy of the wireless channel. To overcome this, Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) have been proposed to enhance the channel entropy by altering the phase of incident electromagnetic waves. This paper addresses this challenge by proposing a security architecture that integrates a Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) base station with a Beyond-Diagonal Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (BD-RIS) in multi-user scenarios, in the presence of an eavesdropper. Unlike conventional RIS, BD-RIS not only modifies the phase but also the magnitude of the impinging signals, introducing an additional degree of freedom that further enhances channel randomness. The secret key capacity of the proposed system is compared with that of conventional RIS in two scenarios: firstly, when a direct link exists alongside the BD-RIS-assisted link. Secondly, when the direct link is completely obstructed by an obstacle. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed BD-RIS architecture outperforms conventional diagonal RIS (D-RIS) in all scenarios. Furthermore, the generated keys undergo randomness tests, successfully passing all National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) randomness subtests as well as the Autocorrelation (AC) test, confirming their suitability for secure communications. These findings establish BD-RIS as a promising technology for enhancing physical layer security in static environments for 5G/6G networks and IoT applications.