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International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE)

Centralized Turbulence-Induced Group Secret-Key Distribution for FSO-Based Multi-UAV Networks

Nguyen Thi Le Quyen, Đặng Văn Tuyên, Luan V. Doan, Hoang D. Le

Published Jul 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1109/icce70609.2026.11658487

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This letter investigates a continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) protocol based on Gaussian-modulated coherent states over unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based free-space optical (FSO) links. A realistic fading channel model is developed, including atmospheric turbulence, extinction, and UAV-induced pointing errors. We perform distance-dependent modulation variance optimization to maximize the secret key rate (SKR) under three scenarios: asymptotic, finite-block size (FBS), and FBS with adaptive optics (AO), based on numerical simulations incorporating a realistic UAV-FSO channel model. The results show that finite-size effects reduce the secure transmission range to ~800 m, while AO extends it to ~930 m. Furthermore, optimal modulation improves key rates by up to 40% compared to fixed modulation. This is the first work to jointly model UAV-FSO channel fluctuations, optimize modulation, and quantify finite-size security with AO, confirming the feasibility of CV-QKD for UAV-based communications.
Security issues of terrestrial free-space optical (FSO) communications over strong atmospheric turbulence are investigated. Based on a subcarrier intensity modulated FSO system model, we first study the scintillation reciprocity of the system from a coherence time perspective. A private secret key-based cryptosystem with key management is introduced to enhance FSO security, and a key agreement approach is proposed based on statistics of the random atmospheric turbulence-induced fading channel measurements. Secret key rate of the key agreement scheme is studied for the strong turbulence channel characterized by the K-distribution. Practical key agreement protocol is designed based on channel identification.