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Laser Physics Letters

Orbital angular momentum controlled reflection and phase shifts in a three-level atom-assisted single-sided cavity

Pengju Kuang, Ning Fu, Lei Ni, Yongjun Huang, Boyu Fan

Published Aug 1, 2026• 0 citations

Abstract

Abstract Spatially structured optical reflection and phase modulation in cavity quantum electrodynamics present a pathway to programmable control of structured light and topological photonic states. This study examines the spatial response of a three-level atom–assisted single-sided cavity, driven by a composite vortex control field, by analyzing the transverse distributions of the reflection coefficient and reflected-phase shift as influenced by variations in cavity decay rate, external coupling strength, and the orbital angular momentum (OAM) content of the driving fields. The control Rabi frequency Ω l ( r , ϕ ) , which inherits the doughnut-shaped amplitude and helical phase of vortex beams, results in position-dependent atomic coherence and effective cavity susceptibility, imprinting ring-like or petal-like textures onto both reflectivity and phase. For symmetric counter-rotating vortices with l 1 = − l 2 = 1 − 4 , the reflection forms 2 l -petal patterns, and the phase exhibits complementary 2 l -fold lobes with sharp phase-gradient boundaries dictated by cos ⁡ ( 2 l ϕ ) interference, while central singular features intensify with OAM order. In the case of asymmetric OAM pairs, rotational symmetry is disrupted, and the spatial spectra are primarily determined by Δ l = 3 and 5, respectively, resulting in distorted threefold and fivefold modulations with localized singular defects and star-like phase topology.

DOI: 10.1088/1612-202x/ae95e9

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We investigate the propagation of an optical vector vortex weakly interacting with a coherently prepared atomic medium (phaseonium) in a three-level

Λ

configuration. The vector beam consists of vortex pulse pairs with right- and left-circular polarizations, corresponding to opposite spin angular momentum (SAM), and carrying opposite orbital angular momentum (OAM) charges

\pm l

. We show that during the propagation of the vortex pairs, analytically obtained in the linear regime, the medium inherits the topology of the vortex pair, mapping the OAM onto a spatially structured atomic coherence. This mapping produces

2|l|-

fold azimuthal transparency structures that reshape the beam intensity from a ring into a petal-like pattern. The OAM-structured atomic coherence induces a corresponding optical anisotropy within the medium, which feeds back into the propagating vector beam, resulting in optical spin-orbit coupling manifested as SAM exchange, rotation, and evolution of polarization textures. Depending on the initial ground-state population of the phaseonium, the polarization state evolves between left-circular, linear, and right-circular polarizations.

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