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量子インスパイアドアルゴリズムを用いたメンタルイメージのヒト脳信号からの可視化

間島　慶, 小出（間島）真子, Shinji Nishimoto, 八幡　憲明

Published May 18, 2023• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

fMRIで計測された脳活動信号を解読し、被験者の見ている画像を復元（再構成）することができる。しかし、心の中に想像している画像（メンタルイメージ）の可視化は初歩的な段階に留まっている。我々は、既存の視覚画像再構成法（Shen et al., 2019）にベイズ推定および分子動力学計算に由来するランジュバン動力学法を組み合わせてそれを実現した。量子インスパイアドアルゴリズムに基づく当該手法は、脳内の主観体験を検討する神経科学研究に資するものと期待される。 研究助成：MEXT Q-LEAP (JPMXS0120330644), JSPS KAKENHI(20K16465), JST ERATO(JPMJER1801), PRESTO (JPMJPR2128), CREST(JPMJCR18A5,JPMJCR22P3)

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fMRIで計測された脳活動信号を解読し、被験者の見ている画像を復元（再構成）することができる。しかし、心の中に想像している画像（メンタルイメージ）の可視化は初歩的な段階に留まっている。我々は、既存の視覚画像再構成法（Shen et al., 2019）にベイズ推定および分子動力学計算に由来するランジュバン動力学法を組み合わせてそれを実現した。量子インスパイアドアルゴリズムに基づく当該手法は、脳内の主観体験を検討する神経科学研究に資するものと期待される。 研究助成：MEXT Q-LEAP (JPMXS0120330644), JSPS KAKENHI(20K16465), JST ERATO(JPMJER1801), PRESTO (JPMJPR2128), CREST(JPMJCR18A5,JPMJCR22P3)
生命科学の発展において、分子生物学が果たした役割は非常に大きい。しかし、未解明な生命現象も数多存在し、生命の根源的理解には至っていない。そのため、生命科学をこれまでの分子レベルから量子レベルにまで拡張して、統合することで理解を深める量子生命科学に強い期待が集まっている。本シンポジウムでは、生体内での計測がほとんど進んでいない温度、pH、磁場などの物理化学的パラメーターを多項目同時計測可能な、生体ナノ量子センサーシステム開発の最前線について紹介する。
Introduction The purpose of the present study is to investigate quantum-like properties of mental states in bistable perception. In order to do this, we tested whether the temporal Bell inequality applied to bistable perception experiments[1] can be violated. In the present study, we used visual stimuli [2], where we can continuously and systematically manipulate two types of ambiguities in the perceived rotation of dots. When the rotation angle is large, the stimuli induce bistable percept. When the angle is small, the direction of rotation of the stimuli becomes difficult to judge. We use the stimuli to test if the temporal Bell inequality can be violated, and if so, under what parameter regime, it can be violated. Method Two patterns were presented alternately: a visual stimulus consisting of four disks, and one in which the disks were rotated by a specific angle (5-45 degrees) in each trial [FIG. 1(A)]. When the angle of rotation was close to 45 degrees, stimuli were perceived to rotate in one of the two directions for a while with occasional reversals at random times (i.e., bistable perception). When the angle of rotation was close to 5 degrees, no rotation was perceived beyond the angle of rotation of the stimulus, and left and right rotations were perceived alternately, but the angle of rotation was so small that it was difficult to determine the direction of rotation [FIG. 1(B)]. At two time points after the beep, the participants responded by pressing a button in the direction of rotation that they saw at that time [FIG. 1(C)]. Reference 1H. Atmanspacher, and T. Filk, J. Math. Psychol. 54, 314-321 (2010). 2S. Takei and S. Nishida, J. Vision. 10, 23 (2010). 3M. M. Wilde and A. Mizel, Found. Phys. 42, 256 (2012). Acknowledgement This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI JP20H05711 and MEXT Q-LEAP Grant Number JPMXS0120330644.
Summary form only given. Quantum theory is inherently statistical. This entails repetition of experiments over a number of identically prepared quantum objects, for example, quantum states, if one wants to know the “true state” or the “true value” of the parameter that specifies the quantum state. Such an estimation procedure is particularly important for quantum communication and quantum computation, and is also indispensable to quantum metrology [1,2]. In applications, one needs to design the estimation procedure in such a way that the estimated value of the parameter should be close to the true value (consistency), and that the uncertainty of the estimated value should be as small as possible (efficiency) for a given limited number of samples. In order to realize these requirements, Nagaoka advocated an adaptive quantum state estimation (AQSE) procedure [3], and recently Fujiwara proved the strong consistency and asymptotic efficiency for AQSE [4]. In this paper, we report the first experimental demonstration of AQSE using photons[5]. The angle of a half wave plate (HWP) that initializes the linear polarization of input photons is estimated using AQSE (Fig. 1). sequence of AQSE is carried out with 300 input photons, and the sequence is repeated 500 times for four different settings of HWP. The statistical analysis of these results verifies the strong consistency and asymptotic efficiency of AQSE. Recently, it has been mathematically proven that the precision of AQSE outperforms the conventional state tomography [6]. It is thus expected that AQSE will provide a useful methodology in the broad area of quantum information processing, communication, and metrology. This work was supported in part by JSPS Quantum Cybernetics, JSPS-Kakenhi, JST-CREST, FIRST Program, Special Coordination Funds for Promoting Science and Technology, Research Foundation for Opto-Science and Technology.