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Lecture notes in computer science

Quantum Multicast Communication in Mesh-of-Trees Networks: A Teleportation-Based Approach

Ye Tao, Hong Shen, Fariza Sabrina, Steven Gordon, Fabio Serpiello

Published Jan 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-981-95-9846-5_27

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A multicast scheme based on fidelity metrics in quantum networks is proposed in this paper. First of all, according to the fidelity of copies in an asymmetric mechanism of 1→ 1+ 1+ 1+1 which is derived, the way of information transmission in the quantum networks is defined: one is one-to-one transmission based on the teleportation and the other is one-to-many lossy transmission based on quantum cloning mechanism. Second, in a specified quantum network which is a connected graph, a source node can randomly assign multicast group members. Then, with constraints of the number of replicas and the maximum number of hops of the shortest path, an optimal multicast tree is constructed to obtain maximum fidelity. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed scheme can select the optimal path from the source node to the multicast members for the specified quantum network. With the increase of multicast group members, the average value of information fidelity obtained by all members decreases. Compared with the multicast tree constructed by the KMB algorithm, which is used to construct the Steiner tree in classical communication, the proposed schemes make the information fidelity obtained by multicast group members improve significantly.
This paper proposes a multicast content distribution method over quantum key distribution (QKD) networks that improves delivery latency and resilience to link bandwidth limitations through mesh network design, while also contributing to reduced key consumption. Although QKD ensures information-theoretic security, its limited key generation rate poses challenges for scalable content delivery. To address this, we introduce a mechanism using random linear network coding in mesh topologies, where nodes adaptively collect and forward packets based on network conditions such as bandwidth and link quality. Evaluations show that our method enables low-latency delivery even under constrained bandwidth scenarios, and can suppress key usage compared to conventional IP multicast over single-tree topologies, depending on network scale and structure.
In distributed wireless quantum communication networks, because of the storage of the clients, the EPR pairs are important resources. The lack of EPR pairs limits the size of networks. Besides, to accomplish quantum teleportation, both classical and quantum information need to be transmitted. We may have difficulty in building classical and quantum channels at the same time. To solve these problems, we introduce mesh structure into wireless quantum communication. The distributed wireless quantum networks can be improved by this mesh structure we proposed. Moreover, a quantum routing protocol based on quantum relay mechanism is proposed in this mesh structure.