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Simpósio Brasileiro de Computação e Comunicação Quânticas (SBCCQ)

Ket Programming Guide

Evandro C. R. da Rosa, Jerusa Marchi, Rafael de Santiago

Published Jul 19, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The development of quantum computing necessitates specialized software tools. Ket is an open-source quantum programming platform that enables gate-based quantum development in Python, supported by a Rust-based runtime library and simulator. This paper presents a programming guide for the Ket platform. It covers the core concepts required to develop quantum applications, including quantum process management, gate operations, measurement strategies, and Hamiltonian construction. Designed for readers with prior knowledge of quantum computing and Python, this guide bridges the gap between theoretical algorithms and practical software implementation. To consolidate these concepts, the paper concludes with a practical tutorial applying QAOA, VQE, and FALQON to the Max-Cut problem, ultimately equipping researchers and developers to fully utilize the Ket platform.

DOI
10.5753/sbccq.2026.20785

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The development of quantum computing necessitates specialized software tools. Ket is an open-source quantum programming platform that enables gate-based quantum development in Python, supported by a Rust-based runtime library and simulator. This paper presents a programming guide for the Ket platform. It covers the core concepts required to develop quantum applications, including quantum process management, gate operations, measurement strategies, and Hamiltonian construction. Designed for readers with prior knowledge of quantum computing and Python, this guide bridges the gap between theoretical algorithms and practical software implementation. To consolidate these concepts, the paper concludes with a practical tutorial applying QAOA, VQE, and FALQON to the Max-Cut problem, ultimately equipping researchers and developers to fully utilize the Ket platform.
Quantum programming languages (QPL) fill the gap between quantum mechanics and classical programming constructions, simplifying the development of quantum applications. However, most QPL addresses the inherent quantum programming problem, neglecting quantum computer implementation constraints. We present a runtime architecture for classical-quantum execution that mitigates the limitation of interaction between classical and quantum computers originated from the cloud-based model of quantum computation provided by several vendors, which implies a quantum computer processing in batch. In the proposed runtime architecture, we introduce (i) runtime quantum code generation to enable generic quantum programming and dynamic quantum execution; and (ii) the concept of futures to handle dynamic interaction between classical and quantum computers. To support our proposal, we have implemented the Ket Quantum Programming framework that features a Python-embedded classical-quantum programming language named Ket, the C++ quantum programming library Libket, and Ket Bitwise (quantum computing) Simulator. The last one improves over the bitwise representation, making the simulation time not dependent on the number of qubits but the amount of superposition and entanglement of simulation.
This paper explains the roadmap for running quantum circuit programs based on the Qiskit library in quantum simulators as well as real cloud-based IBM quantum computers. Qiskit is a free and open-source software development platform based on the Python programming language that is used in quantum programming. Qiskit acts as a link between quantum computing’s theoretical foundations and the practical aspects of programming and experimentation. It also allows users to experiment with and develop quantum algorithms, as well as simulate and execute them on simulators and real-world cloud-based quantum devices. It also simplifies the quantum programming process and allows a diverse range of people to participate in the exciting world of quantum computing. The paper, on the other hand, provides the mathematical foundation for analyzing quantum circuits and algorithms using linear algebra principles, as they provide the tools needed to describe and manipulate quantum states and operations. Furthermore, the paper shows quantum circuit design and implementation using real Qiskit codes.
Abstract This practical guide provides a detailed introduction to quantum logic gates and unitary operators as implemented on the IBM Q platform. It focuses on the fundamental gate structures used in quantum programming, particularly within the Composer interface, and provides screenshots and detailed descriptions of each operator’s functionality. The guide emphasizes the operational role of gates in controlling qubit states and constructing quantum circuits. To enhance understanding, the behavior of gates is visualized on the Bloch sphere, demonstrating how single-qubit operations rotate qubit states around the XXX, YYY, and ZZZ axes, as well as how phase shifts and amplitude adjustments modify the qubit. These operations are essential for measurement, state preparation, and precise manipulation of quantum systems. The relevance of this study is underscored by the rapid development of quantum technologies and the increasing accessibility of quantum computing platforms like IBM Q. A thorough understanding of quantum gates and their implementations is critical for advancing quantum algorithm design and for training specialists capable of deploying quantum computational solutions in fields ranging from cryptography to complex physical system simulations. This guide provides both theoretical insights and practical exercises, bridging the gap between abstract quantum mechanics and applied quantum programming, thereby equipping readers with foundational skills for effective circuit construction and quantum computation.
This book provides an easy-to-read but practical introduction to quantum gate simulation to serious learners of the subject. Fundamental physical concepts and selected programming examples of quantum simulations are described for readers who want to use the simulation with a physical understanding background without the use of rigorous mathematics. This book is intended to offer a self-study book for senior and graduate students of physics, computer science, and mathematics who want to learn and write quantum codes. It may also serve as a textbook or a reference in academia and industry. Readers are expected to have introductory knowledge of linear algebra although it is briefly reviewed in this book. Some experience of computer programming is helpful, but no prior knowledge of Python is required for writing the quantum codes shown in this book. Part of IOP Series in Quantum Technology. Key features • Easy-to-read content for self-paced readers. • Many examples with background physics. • Detailed description of entanglement and teleportation. • Guide to industrial resources. • DIY quantum gate simulations.
Quantum logic gates are fundamental building blocks of quantum computing, enabling the manipulation of quantum bits (qubits) for computations and communications. This paper presents a novel approach to implementing the SWAP gate, a crucial two-qubit quantum operation, using Python programming. The SWAP gate facilitates the exchange of quantum states between two qubits and plays a significant role in qubit routing and circuit optimization. The implementation leverages Python's quantum computing libraries, such as Qiskit, to simulate and validate the functionality of the SWAP gate. Numerical simulations demonstrate the successful operation of the gate and its integration into larger quantum circuits. The paper provides a comprehensive guide for Python-based SWAP gate development, contributing to the advancement of quantum algorithm design and for different applications in quantum computing.
This book introduces quantum computing and quantum communications at the undergraduate level for students in the physical sciences, engineering, and mathematics, assuming no prior knowledge of quantum mechanics. It is a self-contained guide assuming only that the reader is familiar with physics at the college level, calculus (up to and including ordinary differential equations), and some matrix algebra and complex numbers. The book brings the reader up to speed with fundamental concepts in quantum information processing and builds a working knowledge of basic quantum algorithms, quantum error correction, and quantum communication protocols. It covers various models of quantum computation and some of the most common physical realizations of qubits. There is a good number of practice problems and exercises that rely on computer programming with the Qiskit language. The book can be used to prepare students of physics, mathematics, electrical and computer engineering, computer science, optics and photonics, and mathematics for internships and research experiences in quantum information processing, both during and after their undergraduate studies. It also helps those who plan to apply to graduate school and do research in this area. Key Features: Self-contained coverage of quantum computing and quantum communications, from the motivations to the fundamentals and applications, including key concepts and contemporary topics. Contains practice problems and exercises, including some that require programming in Qiskit (the python-based, high-level language for programming quantum computers, adopted by nearly all quantum hardware providers and completely open source). Very light background knowledge assumed, making this book accessible to a variety of majors in the natural sciences, engineering, and mathematics.