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Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

Interacting bosons on the triangular lattice subject to a staggered flux

Dian-Cheng Zhang, Shi-Jie Yang

Published Jul 31, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physa.2026.131882

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Abstract We conduct a dynamical Gutzwiller mean-field study of interacting bosons on a four-leg ladder, subject to a uniform flux. The ground states dependent on the magnetic flux and kinetic tunneling strength are explored. Consequently, we identify the super-vortical lattice, as well as the inner-Meissner phase, which presents Meissner currents just along the intimal legs within the flux ladder. The staggered-current phase is also allowed, with its formation condition altered because of the four-leg construction. The number of legs on the flux ladder can make an effect.
Motivated by recent progress in moiré superlattices and spin-1/2 triangular-lattice antiferromagnets, we study how orbital magnetic flux and Zeeman coupling compete or cooperate in generating internal U(1) gauge flux in a triangular spin liquid. We show that orbital flux favors a chiral spin liquid with staggered internal flux, whereas Zeeman coupling destabilizes the spinon Fermi-pocket state toward a Landau-level state with spontaneous uniform internal flux and conical spin order. We demonstrate this mechanism in a spin-1/2 J_{1}-J_{2}-J_{χ} model and further identify thermal Hall and magnetic signatures that distinguish these regimes, with potential applications to moiré Hofstadter-Hubbard systems and triangular-lattice antiferromagnets.