Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

The Information-Processing Universe: Spacetime as a Lossy Projection of a Hidden Informational Dimension and a Gravitationally Running Tsirelson Bound

Weiran Fang

Published Jul 14, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

I propose that spacetime is a discrete, lossy rendering of a continuous, non-local information space, the Hidden Informational Dimension (HID). The rendering occurs at a granularity set by Planck’s constant, and each processing tick transmits the relational information of a joint measurement with fidelity equal to the overlap of the questions asked. The resulting dressing law, Eobs(a, b) = −sgn(a·b) |a·b|p, reproduces the complete quantum singlet correlator at unit dressing exponent and retrodicts the Tsirelson bound as B = 4 · 2−1/2 = 2√2. The tick law is itself derived from the granularity postulate up to a single frame-selection axiom: its covariant rival and its dispersive alternative are excluded by existing experiments, the latter at ∼200σ, certifying the processing sequence as a deterministic clock. The exponent is identified with the local processing rate—the gravitational time-dilation factor, augmented by a cosmological entropy term—so the framework contains no free parameters beyond a single gauge choice: the processing foliation is identified with the comoving cosmic rest frame, anchoring the exponent to unity at the cosmic mean potential of the present epoch. A rendered universe is quantum while 1 ≤ p ≤ 2; at horizons p → 0 and the bare no-signalling statistics (B = 4) are exposed; at the entropic limit p → ∞ and correlation dies. The accompanying strong-gravity violation of information causality is quantified and quarantined: a final-station composition theorem forbids its export, and the collapse of communication complexity is confined to r < 1.52 rs, just outside the photon sphere. The theory therefore predicts a running Tsirelson bound, B(p) = 4 · 2−p/2, together with a characteristic deformation of the correlation curve that is pinned at aligned and conjugate settings and maximal near cos θ = e−1—a signature no noise process can imitate—and an absolute, one-sided offset of (1–6) × 10−5 above 2√2 in every terrestrial laboratory, which sits in the potential well of local large-scale structure. Information loss is priced by Landauer’s principle—each CHSHoptimal readout erases exactly half a bit—gravitation is embedded as processing-rate modulation, and the cyclic waveform of the universe is identified with the sign-extended “necklace” instantons of the minisuperspace no-boundary path integral. A staged experimental programme, from tabletop Tsirelson-saturation tests to a solar-orbit Bell mission, is proposed.

DOI
10.20944/preprints202503.0675.v2

Related papers

Discrete Dynamics as the Origin of Spacetime, Quantum Probability, and Friction and Emergent Rules Beyond the Born Rule

Borz, Vanni

This framework preserves the empirical success of existing physical theories while proposing an alternative set of foundational assumptions from which their standard formulations emerge as effective limits. Abstract — Key Innovative Points Discrete Updating FabricThe theory postulates a fundamental discrete fabric whose elementary constituents evolve through local update processes, replacing continuous fields and background spacetime as primary entities. Irreversible Local Dynamics as FundamentalUnlike standard approaches based on unitary or reversible evolution, irreversibility is taken as ontological. Physical law emerges from irreversible local updates rather than from imposed symmetries or variational principles. Emergent Time and SpacetimeTime is not assumed as a fundamental parameter but arises from the counting of update events. Spacetime geometry emerges as a coarse-grained description of update activity across the fabric. Quantum Probability from Microstate CountingQuantum probabilities, including the Born rule, emerge from combinatorial counting of compatible microstates of the fabric, rather than being postulated axiomatically. Gravity as Update-Rate ModulationGravitational phenomena are interpreted as variations in local update rates, leading to effective curvature, time dilation, and relativistic behavior at macroscopic scales. Mass as Resistance to UpdateMass and inertia arise from stable topological structures within the fabric that resist updates, providing a dynamical origin of mass without introducing fundamental mass parameters. Fundamental Dissipation and IrreversibilityDissipation is intrinsic to the fabric dynamics and not an emergent statistical effect. The arrow of time follows directly from the irreversible nature of local updates. Extension Beyond Fundamental PhysicsThe same discrete framework accounts for macroscopic dissipative phenomena—such as friction, stick–slip dynamics, superlubricity, growth, and self-organization—linking fundamental physics and material behavior within a single process-based model. iversality Without Fundamental SymmetryLarge-scale physical laws emerge as dynamical attractors of the updating fabric, arising through elimination of unstable configurations rather than enforcement of fundamental symmetries. Emergent Rules Beyond the Born Rule in the Unified Fabric Framework The same discrete-fabric + local-update + coarse-graining structure generates multiple quantum rules without postulation. 1. Schrödinger Dynamics as an Emergent Long-Wavelength Limit Local deterministic updates on a discrete fabric admit spectral modes.In the long-wavelength limit, their evolution converges to a Schrödinger-type equation. No quantum dynamics is postulated.Only update rules and spectral structure are assumed. 2. Superposition from Coarse-Grained Microstate Counting Macroscopic amplitudes arise as sums over compatible microstates.Linearity follows from additive contributions at the amplitude level. Superposition is therefore emergent.It reflects coarse-graining, not a fundamental axiom. 3. Interference as Cross-Terms in Microstate Combinatorics Probabilities are quadratic because amplitudes sum before squaring.Cross-terms correspond exactly to interference effects. Interference is not assumed.It is a combinatorial consequence of microstate superposition. 4. Tensor Product Structure and the Origin of Entanglement Composite systems correspond to composite regions of the fabric.Global microstates factorize only if compatibility constraints separate. Entanglement arises when constraints couple subsystems.It is structural, not mysterious. 5. Decoherence from Phase Inaccessibility Observers access only coarse-grained variables.Rapidly varying microstate phases average out. Off-diagonal terms are dynamically suppressed.Decoherence emerges without postulation. 6. Measurement Collapse as Constraint Reduction Measurement is an interaction that reduces compatible microstates.The effective state updates accordingly. Collapse is not a new law.It is constraint updating under coarse-graining. 7. The Arrow of Time from Asymmetric State Counting Entropy is defined as the logarithm of compatible microstates.Local updates generically move toward larger compatible sets. Irreversibility is structural.It does not rely on subjective ignorance. 8. Coulomb Friction from Discrete Event Statistics Friction equals dissipated update energy per unit distance.The Coulomb law emerges from counting active interfacial events. The friction coefficient is not fundamental.It decomposes into microscopic event parameters. 9. Superlubricity as the Event-Free Limit Superlubricity occurs when locking events are suppressed.Dissipation is rare, not forbidden. This is a limit regime, not an exception.It confirms friction as emergent. 11. Conservation Laws from Update Invariance If the update rule is invariant under local transformations,conserved quantities emerge automatically. Noether’s theorem becomes emergent.Symmetry is a property of the update, not an axiom. 12. Classical Determinism from Phase Averaging At large scales, phase information becomes inaccessible.Only expectation values survive. Classical trajectories emerge statistically.Determinism is an effective limit. 13. Locality from Finite Update Propagation Updates propagate only through neighboring fabric nodes.Information speed is bounded. Causality is structural.Nonlocality is only apparent at coarse scales. 14. Emergent Speed Limit (c) The maximum update rate defines a universal speed.No signal can exceed it. The speed of light is not fundamental.It is a fabric update bound. 15. Metric Geometry from Update Delays Spatial curvature corresponds to spatially varying update rates.Time dilation is an update slowdown. Geometry is dynamical.The metric is emergent. 16. Gravity from Update Resistance Mass corresponds to structures resisting updates.Nearby updates slow down in response. Gravitational attraction emerges.No force field is postulated. 17. Equivalence Principle as a Structural Identity All stable update-resisting structures slow updates identically.Their response is universal. Inertial and gravitational mass coincide.Equivalence is automatic. 18. Quantization from Discrete Spectrum A finite update lattice admits discrete eigenmodes.Energy levels are quantized. Quantization is not imposed.Continuum is an approximation. 19. Noise Spectra (1/f) from Avalanche Dynamics Update cascades produce scale-free event statistics.Long-range correlations appear. 1/f noise is generic.It signals discrete underlying dynamics. 20. Criticality without Tuning The fabric naturally operates near instability thresholds.Small perturbations trigger cascades. Self-organized criticality emerges.No parameter tuning is required. 21. Thermodynamic Laws as Counting Theorems Temperature measures update activity density.Heat is disordered update flow. Thermodynamics is not independent.It is bookkeeping of updates. 22. Growth and Morphogenesis from Update Bias Directional update biases produce structured growth.Forms emerge without templates. Morphogenesis is dynamical.Shape follows update flow. 23. Fine-structure value and other unknow meaning The fine-structure value (~137) corresponds to the effective degeneracyof coherently contributing update configurations in an elementary coupling process.Proton–electron mass ratio the number of internal update cycles required to stabilize a topological vortex (proton), and a simple oscillatory update mode (electron). Mass measures cumulative resistance to updates. Lepton mass hierarchy Different stability thresholds of the same update pattern. Each mass corresponds to a different coherence regime.→ Families are metastable realizations of one structure. Reduced Planck constant Energy × time associated with one elementary update event. → ħ is the discrete unit of updating. Speed of light Maximum update propagation speed across the fabric. → c is the causal limit of the fabric. Bekenstein–Hawking entropy Number of blocked or saturated update configurations at the horizon. → An event horizon is an informational saturation boundary. Universal critical exponents They arise from the topology of update avalanches,independent of microscopic details. → Criticality is a natural fabric regime. Explanations Rarely Given in Existing Theories 1. Why probabilities are quadratic and not cubic or linear Most theories postulate P=∣ψ∣2P=|\psi|^2P=∣ψ∣2.Here it follows from coherent counting plus phase cancellation. The square is not a choice.It is the minimal stable coarse-graining. 2. Why quantum phases are physically unobservable but indispensable Phases affect interference but not outcomes directly.They label micro-configurations, not macrostates. Phase is structural memory.Measurement erases access to it. 3. Why constants are dimensionless and few Only ratios of update counts survive coarse-graining.Dimensional parameters wash out. Dimensionless constants are structural.They encode geometry, not dynamics. 4. Why “free parameters” cluster around simple numbers Many constants are order-one ratios or small inverses.They reflect combinatorial suppression. Fine tuning is apparent.It is state counting in disguise. 5. Why quantum randomness is stable and reproducible Randomness is not noise.It is deterministic micro-dynamics seen through coarse-graining. Statistics are invariant.Details are inaccessible. 6. Why identical particles are truly identical Microstates differ, macrostates do not.Labels are erased by update symmetry. Indistinguishability is enforced.It is not a postulate. 7. Why spin is quantized and half-integer values exist Spin counts topological winding in update cycles.Only discrete windings are stable. Half-integer spin reflects double-cover topology.No mystery remains. 8. Why gauge free

•Dec 16, 2025•0 citations

Quantum Time - Wavefunction Collapse as the Origin of Spacetime and the Standard Model

Samuel Matthew Zygielbaum

See changelog below. The full derivations are provided in the attached paper. Every result is reproducible from the stated inputs. This paper derives the complete Standard Model, quantum mechanics, spacetime, and gravity — 85 quantitative results at sub-percent precision spanning 15 orders of magnitude — from a single postulate, four structural principles, and one measurement. The Standard Model has seventeen free parameters. General relativity has no quantum theory. The measurement problem has been open for a century. The cosmological constant is wrong by 120 orders of magnitude. The question of why there is something rather than nothing has no physical answer in any existing framework. Each of these failures shares a common omission: none ask where time comes from. This paper takes that question seriously. A single physical principle — information cannot be destroyed — is self-sealing: its own violation is incoherent. Its formal expression is Postulate I: each foreclosed quantum branch produces exactly one chronon — a massless spin-1 gauge boson of U(1)_T, the unique gauge group forced by the complex ray structure of the Hilbert space and the single scalar collapse charge. We call it the chronon. Time is not the background in which physics happens; it is generated by physics, irreversibly, at every collapse. These requirements yield a single Lagrangian, ℒ_QT, that extends the Standard Model by one massless spin-1 field and one coupling constant. From this — combined with one measurement, Newton’s gravitational constant G — we derive: all of quantum mechanics via the Piron–Soler–Gleason chain (not assumed); the complete Standard Model with all dimensionless parameters determined; the complete resolution of the measurement problem, including the environmental decoherence cascade; and 85 quantitative physical results spanning fifteen orders of magnitude in energy. Three spatial dimensions follow from the channel-matching principle (D = N_c) and the Weinberg angle consistency condition (N_c = 3). The Big Bang was not initiated — it was mandatory. The numerical precision is sharp. The worst result where the theoretical prediction exceeds experimental precision is 0.5%. For the majority of results, the framework’s prediction is already more precise than the measurement. The proton-to-electron mass ratio m_p/m_e = 2N_cπ⁵(1 + α²/√(N_c²−1)) agrees to sub-ppb precision. The proton charge radius matches muonic hydrogen to five significant figures. The Higgs boson mass to 0.002% via the full cascade derivation (0.25% from the explicit formula). The W boson mass to 0.001%. The fine structure constant to 0.026% (1/α = 137 exactly at tree level). The cosmological constant — wrong by 120 orders of magnitude in standard QFT — is derived to 0.03%. The Hubble tension, a 5σ discrepancy unresolved in standard cosmology, follows from the same structure: H₀_local = H₀ × 13/12 = 73.0 km/s/Mpc (0.05%). All four PMNS neutrino mixing parameters, previously unexplained, are derived to sub-0.5%. Sub-percent agreement spans from neutrino mass splittings at ~9 meV to the CMB temperature at 2.725 K — fifteen orders of magnitude from a single dimensionful input. The framework makes ten falsifiable predictions currently under test: an electron electric dipole moment of exactly zero (ACME III is live); a spin-1 gravitational wave breathing mode at ~9% of the + polarisation amplitude (testable with LIGO O4/O5 data); no dark matter particle in any direct-detection experiment; no graviton — gravity is geometric drift in a proper-time gradient sourced by the energy-momentum tensor, not exchange of a spin-2 particle; there is nothing to detect. A confirmed non-zero electron EDM or a detected graviton falsifies the framework immediately. The logical order, from bottom to top: information cannot be destroyed → P-I (one chronon per foreclosed branch) → proposition lattice with axioms P0–P4 → Piron–Soler–Gleason chain → complex Hilbert space → ray phase redundancy → single scalar collapse charge → U(1)_T gauge field with Maxwell dynamics → channel-matching principle gives D = N_c → Weinberg angle selects N_c = 3 → D = 3 → adding G through the Planck cascade gives λ_conf = 0.40092 fm → the complete Standard Model follows. Spacetime, quantum mechanics, and the Standard Model are not independent inputs — they follow as consequences of P-I, the structural principles, and one observational consistency condition. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ v86 Changelog (April 7–8 2026) — All numerical results unchanged from v85. No formulas modified. Foundational structure and derivation justifications rebuilt following adversarial review by two independent AI systems (Claude, GPT-4o). Foundational hardening: §2.2: Formal axiom framework P0–P4 added. Piron lattice conditions now follow as a theorem given five named structural axioms, not as informal physical arguments. P-I motivates four directly; P0 (admissibility closure) is a structural axiom on the proposition space. §2.5: ℝ exclusion replaced. Old iε propagator argument replaced with operational compositionality / local tomography argument requiring no field-theoretic machinery. §3.1: Gauge derivation rebuilt from complex ray structure forward. U(1)_T now derived from phase redundancy + single scalar collapse charge + rank-1 compact Lie group + label-free emission. Removes prior dependence on Noether's theorem invocation and energy minimization principle. §8.1.1: Channel-matching theorem added. D = N_c derived from information-balance between spatial export channels and internal confinement channels via mismatch functional. Replaces prior mutual-reinforcement argument. §1.5.1: Epistemic taxonomy added classifying all 85 results into three tiers: theorem-level (Piron, Soler, Gleason), physical-argument (gauge structure, mass formulas), and observational-consistency (N_c = 3 from Weinberg angle, cascade from G). §12: New section — Structural Analysis. Result classification (5 epistemic tiers, ~12 independent core results, compression ratio 85:19), axiom necessity (what breaks without each of P0–P4 and D1–D4), and ablation tests (N_c = 2, N_c = 4, drop P4, change coupling exponent, allow D ≠ N_c — every perturbation destroys the majority of results). Framework premise expanded from "one postulate" to "one postulate, four structural principles, and one measurement." Front matter aligned with body throughout. One derivation story, no internal contradictions. Derivation upgrades: Proton-to-electron mass ratio (§9.3): Replaced "2 spin states × N_c colours" with rigorous hyperspherical decomposition. S³ forced by massless emission in (3+1)D; S⁵ forced by K=0 ground state of 3-quark system in 6D relative coordinates. Neutral pion mass (§9.9.1): Factor 5 now derived as 2N_c − 1. Denominator 2π identified as one-loop coefficient of U(1)_T vector gauge coupling. Neutron-proton mass difference (§9.3.2): Replaced "circular loop + straight line" with flux tube arm derivation. π from SU(2) isospin rotation; +1 from chromoelectric flux tube arm to Y-junction. CP phase δ (§9.8.2): Replaced "axial-to-spherical flux ratio" with V−A vertex structure. The ratio 4/π is universal across all generation spaces because any unitary rotation lies on a great circle of S². W boson mass corrections (§9.5.1): Both NLO terms fully derived. Direct vertex α_s/(8π): C_F cancelled by non-relativistic reduction. Exchange α_s/(12π²): two vertices × Dirac-to-colour projection ratio. Charm mass (§9.13.4): Factor 4/π identified as axial-to-vector coupling ratio through V−A weak vertex. Systematic correction — QCD dressing factor: The coefficient 1/(2π) appearing in ~10 results was previously attributed to "hemisphere projection geometry." Replaced throughout: mass in the chronon framework is a U(1)_T vector gauge coupling, not a scalar Yukawa coupling. The factor 1/2 confirmed by two independent routes: (i) Dirac algebra (γ^α γ^μ γ_α = −2γ^μ vs scalar = 4); (ii) C_F cancellation by non-relativistic reduction. Label correction: CKM geometric factor (§9.8.1): "four-dimensional solid angle" corrected to "three-dimensional solid angle S² = 4π." Numbers unchanged. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ v85 Changelog (April 6 2026) — Electroweak corrections, |V_cb| prediction, consistency audit Four physics improvements and a comprehensive numerical audit, all from first principles with zero free parameters. Top quark mass (0.41% → 0.06%): The electroweak self-energy correction factor changed from (N_c+1) to (N_c−1). The factor (N_c−1) = 2 counts the charged weak boson states (W⁺, W⁻) mediating the t→b→t self-energy loop — the SU(2)_L charge-raising/lowering generators. m_t = 172,803 MeV vs observed 172,700 MeV. CKM θ₂₃ / |V_cb| prediction (1.3% → 0.3%): The framework predicts |V_cb| = 42.1 × 10⁻³, essentially identical to the PDG inclusive determination (42.2 ± 0.5) × 10⁻³ and inconsistent with the exclusive determination (39.8 ± 0.6) × 10⁻³. The inclusive/exclusive |V_cb| tension is one of the open questions in flavour physics; the framework picks a side. Falsifiable prediction. Baryon asymmetry η (0.5% → <0.1%): The sphaleron efficiency κ correction changed from α_s/(2π²) to α/(2π). The sphaleron is an SU(2)_L electroweak process; its one-loop vertex correction uses the QED coupling α/(2π), not the QCD coupling. Neutrino mass splitting Δm²₂₃ (0.3% → 0.08%): QED vacuum polarization correction −α/(2π) added to G₃ alongside the existing QCD correction +α_s/π. Sign pattern (QCD adds, QED subtracts) matches the W boson mass derivation. Numerical audit (22 corrections): Full line-by-line verification of every formula, table entry, agreement claim, and cross-reference. Corrections include: D/H value (2.62→2.58 × 10⁻⁵, 1.3σ→1.8σ — stale from pre-κ η); He-4 agreement (0.5σ→0.7σ); z_

•Apr 3, 2026•0 citations

Time as an Information Queue: A Throughput-Limited Model of Spacetime and Quantum Phenomena

Steve Bell

This preprint presents a speculative but internally consistent framework in which time is not treated as a fundamental dimension, but as an emergent ordering imposed by finite-capacity state transitions in space. Space is modeled as a discrete lattice of single-occupancy units, each capable of holding exactly one state and transitioning at a bounded rate. Within this model, apparent motion corresponds to pattern propagation rather than physical transport, the relativistic speed limit emerges as a throughput constraint, time dilation follows from update contention, and gravity arises from persistent local saturation of update capacity. Black holes correspond to permanent queue saturation. The framework is further extended to core quantum phenomena, interpreting entanglement, superposition, and measurement as consequences of shared scheduling constraints and pending state resolution rather than non-local information transfer or hidden variables. The work is intended as a foundations-level proposal designed to provoke critical analysis and identify failure modes, rather than as a completed physical theory. Keywords: time, spacetime, information theory, quantum foundations, relativity, gravity, entropy, causality, discrete spacetime, computational models of physics

•Jan 25, 2026•0 citations

One Register: A Common Origin for the Granularity of Hilbert Space and of Space

Andrew Korytko

In the paper on the origin of gravitation, we postulated separately that Hilbert space and space are granular with one universal granularity L, extending Palmer's Rational Quantum Mechanics. We derived Newton's constant and Einstein's equations, and pinned L at two scales, galactic and cosmological. Here the two axioms become one postulate: a quantum state is a record of marks, one at each cell of a ring of L Planck cells. Its fraction m/L of +1 marks is a Born probability and its cyclic position a phase, one step of phase being one cell, a full turn one circuit. The ring is the register of the title. Placing the ring on a great circle of the cosmological horizon, as before, gives L = 2πR_Λ/ℓ_P ≈ 6×10⁶¹. Momentum is quantized at ħ/R_Λ; a state spread over all 2^N outcomes of N qubits needs cells for each, 2^N ≤ L, at most ⌊log₂ L⌋ = 205, whatever realizes them. Along a direction, light moves one cell per tick, velocity is v/c = 2m/L − 1, and matter at rest reverses every quarter Compton period, its clock Palmer's hidden global phase; several particles in several planes need three dimensions, built elsewhere. Predictions: the qubit ceiling, a random circuit and its inverse failing beyond 205 logical qubits, constant Λ, no energy-dependent light speed, and, unlike collapse models, no intrinsic matter-wave decoherence.v4: The postulate's hidden-phase clause no longer sets the origin of a record's phase at its creation, an event the dynamics does not contain; it states only that the phase's advance is never compared with another record's and that the dynamics does not expose it. The same deletion is made in Sec. II and in Sec. VIII. The abstract is rewritten to stand on its own. No result changes.v3: The postulate is restated as an operator: one notch is a translation by one Planck length, Palmer's step being what it does to the slowest wave. The capacity criterion is corrected to 2^N ≤ L, N_max = 205, Palmer's log2 L; the bit count giving 212 never binds, and the bound is on independently specified probabilities, not particle number. Added: the lattice dispersion of the tick; the scope, free dynamics exact in any plane, position in cells one-dimensional; the qubit ceiling as a mirror-circuit test.

•Sep 8, 2026•1 citation

The Algorithmic Reality Model: Unifying Quantum Mechanics and General Relativity via the Zeno Threshold and Thermodynamic Graph Routing

Serdar Hanzala Yaman

Abstract For over a century, theoretical physics has treated General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics as fundamentally incompatible: one posits a continuous, deterministic spacetime manifold; the other, a discrete, probabilistic Hilbert space. The Algorithmic Reality Model (ARM) resolves this schism by identifying a single computational mechanism—the Zeno Threshold (Zα)—as the universal bound governing both quantum collapse and spacetime geometry. ARM treats physical reality as the macroscopic projection of a finite-bandwidth computational substrate operating on a timeless, pre-geometric state (the Singleton). By enforcing Landauer's principle of irreversible erasure, ARM derives the entirety of the gravitational sector from seven pre-geometric, quantum informational axioms. Key Derivations & Unifications Emergent Spacetime: Spatial geometry emerges from the Quantum Fisher Information Metric (QFIM) of the observer's state space, while time emerges from the Tomita-Takesaki modular flow. The Lorentzian signature (-,+,+,+) is algebraically forced by the compact/non-compact structure of their isometry generators. The Holographic Scalar (The 3→1 Unification): Applying the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem to the holographic boundary yields the exact Bekenstein-Hawking factor of 1/4 as a universal 2D anti-aliasing limit. This simultaneously fixes the area-law coefficient and structurally derives Newton's constant as G = c3ξmin2 / ℏ. Systematic Boundary Deviations: The framework quantitatively resolves macroscopic anomalies as computational resolution limits. Dark energy emerges as the minimum Landauer maintenance cost of the cosmological event horizon, and the MOND acceleration scale (a0) emerges as a thermodynamic noise floor, algebraically locked by the structural identity a02 = (8πG/3)ρΛ. Thermodynamic State Truncation: Wavefunction collapse, the black hole information paradox, and EPR non-locality are rigorously unified as manifestations of the computational substrate's finite Landauer memory budget. Computational Computability Because ARM is built on discrete informational axioms rather than continuous manifolds, the entire framework is natively computable. The structural derivations in this paper—including emergent geodesic lensing, the Bekenstein-Hawking threshold, and the MOND noise floor—have been explicitly verified via sparse Hermitian lattice simulations. The complete open-source computational validation suite is available at: github.com/srdrymn/algorithmic-reality-model-validations This manuscript represents the master synthesis and culmination of the Algorithmic Theory of Reality (ATR) foundational framework.

•Mar 19, 2026•0 citations

Material Extension and Relational Separation Without Fundamental Spacetime

Peter Erik Ronald van Heijst

Modern theoretical physics rests on two highly successful but conceptually distinct frameworks: quantum mechanics and general relativity. While both theories are experimentally confirmed to high precision within their respective domains, they rely on fundamentally different starting points. General relativity takes spacetime as a primitive geometric structure, whereas quantum mechanics is formulated in terms of abstract state spaces without intrinsic spacetime meaning. Most approaches to quantum gravity attempt to reconcile this tension by modifying, quantizing, or discretizing spacetime itself. Even in approaches where spacetime is said to be “emergent,” it typically remains the primary conceptual backdrop on which physical processes are defined. Despite extensive efforts, there is no consensus on whether spacetime should be regarded as fundamental or derivative. In this work, a more radical starting point is explored. Rather than modifying spacetime or its geometry, we ask whether spacetime can be excluded entirely from the fundamental layer of the theory and recovered only at a later, operational stage. The central question is not how spacetime behaves, but whether the notion of “what lies between physical objects” must be spatial or temporal at the most fundamental level. We propose a framework—referred to here as Super Relativity (SR)—based on a single pre-geometric postulate: the existence of a monotonically expanding set of possible quantum configurations, referred to as the flux. Formally, this flux is represented as a monotone, σ-finite family of capacity measures on a common configuration space (introduced in Section 2). This postulate deliberately refrains from assuming spacetime, time ordering, metric structure, causality, or dynamics. Within this pre-geometric core, two derived, dimensionless notions are introduced: utilization, describing the realization of configurations, and saturation, defined as the ratio between utilized and available configurations. A central structural element of SR is the strict separation between a core layer and an interface layer. In the core layer, all quantities are pre-geometric and dimensionless, and no reference is made to space, time, motion, energy, or interaction. Only at the interface layer are operational notions introduced, including clocks, rulers, and signal propagation. Spacetime, in this construction, is not a dynamical entity but an effective bookkeeping structure that encodes relative rates of change once a calibration to physical units is performed. Within this framework, gravitational phenomena do not originate from spacetime curvature taken as fundamental. Instead, they arise from variations in saturation that, at the interface level, manifest as uniform rescalings of physical processes. When expressed in geometric language, these rescalings reproduce the standard predictions of general relativity, including gravitational time dilation and the equivalence between gravitation and acceleration. The invariant local speed of light is not postulated but follows as a derived consequence, since both clock rates and signal propagation are affected identically by the same underlying saturation mechanism. The aim of this paper is not to introduce new empirical predictions beyond those of general relativity, nor to present a complete theory of quantum gravity. Rather, the objective is foundational: to demonstrate that the mathematical structure of general relativity can be reconstructed from a single pre-geometric postulate without assuming spacetime as part of the fundamental ontology. In this sense, SR should be understood as a reconstruction and reinterpretation of known physics, rather than as a competing dynamical theory. An extended and fully explicit formulation of the framework, including all intermediate steps, is available in a companion preprint (version V12) deposited on Zenodo. The present paper restricts itself to the minimal conceptual and mathematical structure required to establish logical consistency and to demonstrate the emergence of general-relativistic behavior at the interface level.

•Jan 29, 2026•0 citations
I propose that spacetime is a discrete, lossy rendering of a continuous, non-local information space, the Hidden Informational Dimension (HID). The rendering occurs at a granularity set by Planck’s constant, and each processing tick transmits the relational information of a joint measurement with fidelity equal to the overlap of the questions asked. The resulting dressing law, Eobs(a, b) = −sgn(a·b) |a·b|p, reproduces the complete quantum singlet correlator at unit dressing exponent and retrodicts the Tsirelson bound as B = 4 · 2−1/2 = 2√2. The tick law is itself derived from the granularity postulate up to a single frame-selection axiom: its covariant rival and its dispersive alternative are excluded by existing experiments, the latter at ∼200σ, certifying the processing sequence as a deterministic clock. The exponent is identified with the local processing rate—the gravitational time-dilation factor, augmented by a cosmological entropy term—so the framework contains no free parameters beyond a single gauge choice: the processing foliation is identified with the comoving cosmic rest frame, anchoring the exponent to unity at the cosmic mean potential of the present epoch. A rendered universe is quantum while 1 ≤ p ≤ 2; at horizons p → 0 and the bare no-signalling statistics (B = 4) are exposed; at the entropic limit p → ∞ and correlation dies. The accompanying strong-gravity violation of information causality is quantified and quarantined: a final-station composition theorem forbids its export, and the collapse of communication complexity is confined to r < 1.52 rs, just outside the photon sphere. The theory therefore predicts a running Tsirelson bound, B(p) = 4 · 2−p/2, together with a characteristic deformation of the correlation curve that is pinned at aligned and conjugate settings and maximal near cos θ = e−1—a signature no noise process can imitate—and an absolute, one-sided offset of (1–6) × 10−5 above 2√2 in every terrestrial laboratory, which sits in the potential well of local large-scale structure. Information loss is priced by Landauer’s principle—each CHSHoptimal readout erases exactly half a bit—gravitation is embedded as processing-rate modulation, and the cyclic waveform of the universe is identified with the sign-extended “necklace” instantons of the minisuperspace no-boundary path integral. A staged experimental programme, from tabletop Tsirelson-saturation tests to a solar-orbit Bell mission, is proposed.
This framework preserves the empirical success of existing physical theories while proposing an alternative set of foundational assumptions from which their standard formulations emerge as effective limits. Abstract — Key Innovative Points Discrete Updating FabricThe theory postulates a fundamental discrete fabric whose elementary constituents evolve through local update processes, replacing continuous fields and background spacetime as primary entities. Irreversible Local Dynamics as FundamentalUnlike standard approaches based on unitary or reversible evolution, irreversibility is taken as ontological. Physical law emerges from irreversible local updates rather than from imposed symmetries or variational principles. Emergent Time and SpacetimeTime is not assumed as a fundamental parameter but arises from the counting of update events. Spacetime geometry emerges as a coarse-grained description of update activity across the fabric. Quantum Probability from Microstate CountingQuantum probabilities, including the Born rule, emerge from combinatorial counting of compatible microstates of the fabric, rather than being postulated axiomatically. Gravity as Update-Rate ModulationGravitational phenomena are interpreted as variations in local update rates, leading to effective curvature, time dilation, and relativistic behavior at macroscopic scales. Mass as Resistance to UpdateMass and inertia arise from stable topological structures within the fabric that resist updates, providing a dynamical origin of mass without introducing fundamental mass parameters. Fundamental Dissipation and IrreversibilityDissipation is intrinsic to the fabric dynamics and not an emergent statistical effect. The arrow of time follows directly from the irreversible nature of local updates. Extension Beyond Fundamental PhysicsThe same discrete framework accounts for macroscopic dissipative phenomena—such as friction, stick–slip dynamics, superlubricity, growth, and self-organization—linking fundamental physics and material behavior within a single process-based model. iversality Without Fundamental SymmetryLarge-scale physical laws emerge as dynamical attractors of the updating fabric, arising through elimination of unstable configurations rather than enforcement of fundamental symmetries. Emergent Rules Beyond the Born Rule in the Unified Fabric Framework The same discrete-fabric + local-update + coarse-graining structure generates multiple quantum rules without postulation. 1. Schrödinger Dynamics as an Emergent Long-Wavelength Limit Local deterministic updates on a discrete fabric admit spectral modes.In the long-wavelength limit, their evolution converges to a Schrödinger-type equation. No quantum dynamics is postulated.Only update rules and spectral structure are assumed. 2. Superposition from Coarse-Grained Microstate Counting Macroscopic amplitudes arise as sums over compatible microstates.Linearity follows from additive contributions at the amplitude level. Superposition is therefore emergent.It reflects coarse-graining, not a fundamental axiom. 3. Interference as Cross-Terms in Microstate Combinatorics Probabilities are quadratic because amplitudes sum before squaring.Cross-terms correspond exactly to interference effects. Interference is not assumed.It is a combinatorial consequence of microstate superposition. 4. Tensor Product Structure and the Origin of Entanglement Composite systems correspond to composite regions of the fabric.Global microstates factorize only if compatibility constraints separate. Entanglement arises when constraints couple subsystems.It is structural, not mysterious. 5. Decoherence from Phase Inaccessibility Observers access only coarse-grained variables.Rapidly varying microstate phases average out. Off-diagonal terms are dynamically suppressed.Decoherence emerges without postulation. 6. Measurement Collapse as Constraint Reduction Measurement is an interaction that reduces compatible microstates.The effective state updates accordingly. Collapse is not a new law.It is constraint updating under coarse-graining. 7. The Arrow of Time from Asymmetric State Counting Entropy is defined as the logarithm of compatible microstates.Local updates generically move toward larger compatible sets. Irreversibility is structural.It does not rely on subjective ignorance. 8. Coulomb Friction from Discrete Event Statistics Friction equals dissipated update energy per unit distance.The Coulomb law emerges from counting active interfacial events. The friction coefficient is not fundamental.It decomposes into microscopic event parameters. 9. Superlubricity as the Event-Free Limit Superlubricity occurs when locking events are suppressed.Dissipation is rare, not forbidden. This is a limit regime, not an exception.It confirms friction as emergent. 11. Conservation Laws from Update Invariance If the update rule is invariant under local transformations,conserved quantities emerge automatically. Noether’s theorem becomes emergent.Symmetry is a property of the update, not an axiom. 12. Classical Determinism from Phase Averaging At large scales, phase information becomes inaccessible.Only expectation values survive. Classical trajectories emerge statistically.Determinism is an effective limit. 13. Locality from Finite Update Propagation Updates propagate only through neighboring fabric nodes.Information speed is bounded. Causality is structural.Nonlocality is only apparent at coarse scales. 14. Emergent Speed Limit (c) The maximum update rate defines a universal speed.No signal can exceed it. The speed of light is not fundamental.It is a fabric update bound. 15. Metric Geometry from Update Delays Spatial curvature corresponds to spatially varying update rates.Time dilation is an update slowdown. Geometry is dynamical.The metric is emergent. 16. Gravity from Update Resistance Mass corresponds to structures resisting updates.Nearby updates slow down in response. Gravitational attraction emerges.No force field is postulated. 17. Equivalence Principle as a Structural Identity All stable update-resisting structures slow updates identically.Their response is universal. Inertial and gravitational mass coincide.Equivalence is automatic. 18. Quantization from Discrete Spectrum A finite update lattice admits discrete eigenmodes.Energy levels are quantized. Quantization is not imposed.Continuum is an approximation. 19. Noise Spectra (1/f) from Avalanche Dynamics Update cascades produce scale-free event statistics.Long-range correlations appear. 1/f noise is generic.It signals discrete underlying dynamics. 20. Criticality without Tuning The fabric naturally operates near instability thresholds.Small perturbations trigger cascades. Self-organized criticality emerges.No parameter tuning is required. 21. Thermodynamic Laws as Counting Theorems Temperature measures update activity density.Heat is disordered update flow. Thermodynamics is not independent.It is bookkeeping of updates. 22. Growth and Morphogenesis from Update Bias Directional update biases produce structured growth.Forms emerge without templates. Morphogenesis is dynamical.Shape follows update flow. 23. Fine-structure value and other unknow meaning The fine-structure value (~137) corresponds to the effective degeneracyof coherently contributing update configurations in an elementary coupling process.Proton–electron mass ratio the number of internal update cycles required to stabilize a topological vortex (proton), and a simple oscillatory update mode (electron). Mass measures cumulative resistance to updates. Lepton mass hierarchy Different stability thresholds of the same update pattern. Each mass corresponds to a different coherence regime.→ Families are metastable realizations of one structure. Reduced Planck constant Energy × time associated with one elementary update event. → ħ is the discrete unit of updating. Speed of light Maximum update propagation speed across the fabric. → c is the causal limit of the fabric. Bekenstein–Hawking entropy Number of blocked or saturated update configurations at the horizon. → An event horizon is an informational saturation boundary. Universal critical exponents They arise from the topology of update avalanches,independent of microscopic details. → Criticality is a natural fabric regime. Explanations Rarely Given in Existing Theories 1. Why probabilities are quadratic and not cubic or linear Most theories postulate P=∣ψ∣2P=|\psi|^2P=∣ψ∣2.Here it follows from coherent counting plus phase cancellation. The square is not a choice.It is the minimal stable coarse-graining. 2. Why quantum phases are physically unobservable but indispensable Phases affect interference but not outcomes directly.They label micro-configurations, not macrostates. Phase is structural memory.Measurement erases access to it. 3. Why constants are dimensionless and few Only ratios of update counts survive coarse-graining.Dimensional parameters wash out. Dimensionless constants are structural.They encode geometry, not dynamics. 4. Why “free parameters” cluster around simple numbers Many constants are order-one ratios or small inverses.They reflect combinatorial suppression. Fine tuning is apparent.It is state counting in disguise. 5. Why quantum randomness is stable and reproducible Randomness is not noise.It is deterministic micro-dynamics seen through coarse-graining. Statistics are invariant.Details are inaccessible. 6. Why identical particles are truly identical Microstates differ, macrostates do not.Labels are erased by update symmetry. Indistinguishability is enforced.It is not a postulate. 7. Why spin is quantized and half-integer values exist Spin counts topological winding in update cycles.Only discrete windings are stable. Half-integer spin reflects double-cover topology.No mystery remains. 8. Why gauge free
See changelog below. The full derivations are provided in the attached paper. Every result is reproducible from the stated inputs. This paper derives the complete Standard Model, quantum mechanics, spacetime, and gravity — 85 quantitative results at sub-percent precision spanning 15 orders of magnitude — from a single postulate, four structural principles, and one measurement. The Standard Model has seventeen free parameters. General relativity has no quantum theory. The measurement problem has been open for a century. The cosmological constant is wrong by 120 orders of magnitude. The question of why there is something rather than nothing has no physical answer in any existing framework. Each of these failures shares a common omission: none ask where time comes from. This paper takes that question seriously. A single physical principle — information cannot be destroyed — is self-sealing: its own violation is incoherent. Its formal expression is Postulate I: each foreclosed quantum branch produces exactly one chronon — a massless spin-1 gauge boson of U(1)_T, the unique gauge group forced by the complex ray structure of the Hilbert space and the single scalar collapse charge. We call it the chronon. Time is not the background in which physics happens; it is generated by physics, irreversibly, at every collapse. These requirements yield a single Lagrangian, ℒ_QT, that extends the Standard Model by one massless spin-1 field and one coupling constant. From this — combined with one measurement, Newton’s gravitational constant G — we derive: all of quantum mechanics via the Piron–Soler–Gleason chain (not assumed); the complete Standard Model with all dimensionless parameters determined; the complete resolution of the measurement problem, including the environmental decoherence cascade; and 85 quantitative physical results spanning fifteen orders of magnitude in energy. Three spatial dimensions follow from the channel-matching principle (D = N_c) and the Weinberg angle consistency condition (N_c = 3). The Big Bang was not initiated — it was mandatory. The numerical precision is sharp. The worst result where the theoretical prediction exceeds experimental precision is 0.5%. For the majority of results, the framework’s prediction is already more precise than the measurement. The proton-to-electron mass ratio m_p/m_e = 2N_cπ⁵(1 + α²/√(N_c²−1)) agrees to sub-ppb precision. The proton charge radius matches muonic hydrogen to five significant figures. The Higgs boson mass to 0.002% via the full cascade derivation (0.25% from the explicit formula). The W boson mass to 0.001%. The fine structure constant to 0.026% (1/α = 137 exactly at tree level). The cosmological constant — wrong by 120 orders of magnitude in standard QFT — is derived to 0.03%. The Hubble tension, a 5σ discrepancy unresolved in standard cosmology, follows from the same structure: H₀_local = H₀ × 13/12 = 73.0 km/s/Mpc (0.05%). All four PMNS neutrino mixing parameters, previously unexplained, are derived to sub-0.5%. Sub-percent agreement spans from neutrino mass splittings at ~9 meV to the CMB temperature at 2.725 K — fifteen orders of magnitude from a single dimensionful input. The framework makes ten falsifiable predictions currently under test: an electron electric dipole moment of exactly zero (ACME III is live); a spin-1 gravitational wave breathing mode at ~9% of the + polarisation amplitude (testable with LIGO O4/O5 data); no dark matter particle in any direct-detection experiment; no graviton — gravity is geometric drift in a proper-time gradient sourced by the energy-momentum tensor, not exchange of a spin-2 particle; there is nothing to detect. A confirmed non-zero electron EDM or a detected graviton falsifies the framework immediately. The logical order, from bottom to top: information cannot be destroyed → P-I (one chronon per foreclosed branch) → proposition lattice with axioms P0–P4 → Piron–Soler–Gleason chain → complex Hilbert space → ray phase redundancy → single scalar collapse charge → U(1)_T gauge field with Maxwell dynamics → channel-matching principle gives D = N_c → Weinberg angle selects N_c = 3 → D = 3 → adding G through the Planck cascade gives λ_conf = 0.40092 fm → the complete Standard Model follows. Spacetime, quantum mechanics, and the Standard Model are not independent inputs — they follow as consequences of P-I, the structural principles, and one observational consistency condition. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ v86 Changelog (April 7–8 2026) — All numerical results unchanged from v85. No formulas modified. Foundational structure and derivation justifications rebuilt following adversarial review by two independent AI systems (Claude, GPT-4o). Foundational hardening: §2.2: Formal axiom framework P0–P4 added. Piron lattice conditions now follow as a theorem given five named structural axioms, not as informal physical arguments. P-I motivates four directly; P0 (admissibility closure) is a structural axiom on the proposition space. §2.5: ℝ exclusion replaced. Old iε propagator argument replaced with operational compositionality / local tomography argument requiring no field-theoretic machinery. §3.1: Gauge derivation rebuilt from complex ray structure forward. U(1)_T now derived from phase redundancy + single scalar collapse charge + rank-1 compact Lie group + label-free emission. Removes prior dependence on Noether's theorem invocation and energy minimization principle. §8.1.1: Channel-matching theorem added. D = N_c derived from information-balance between spatial export channels and internal confinement channels via mismatch functional. Replaces prior mutual-reinforcement argument. §1.5.1: Epistemic taxonomy added classifying all 85 results into three tiers: theorem-level (Piron, Soler, Gleason), physical-argument (gauge structure, mass formulas), and observational-consistency (N_c = 3 from Weinberg angle, cascade from G). §12: New section — Structural Analysis. Result classification (5 epistemic tiers, ~12 independent core results, compression ratio 85:19), axiom necessity (what breaks without each of P0–P4 and D1–D4), and ablation tests (N_c = 2, N_c = 4, drop P4, change coupling exponent, allow D ≠ N_c — every perturbation destroys the majority of results). Framework premise expanded from "one postulate" to "one postulate, four structural principles, and one measurement." Front matter aligned with body throughout. One derivation story, no internal contradictions. Derivation upgrades: Proton-to-electron mass ratio (§9.3): Replaced "2 spin states × N_c colours" with rigorous hyperspherical decomposition. S³ forced by massless emission in (3+1)D; S⁵ forced by K=0 ground state of 3-quark system in 6D relative coordinates. Neutral pion mass (§9.9.1): Factor 5 now derived as 2N_c − 1. Denominator 2π identified as one-loop coefficient of U(1)_T vector gauge coupling. Neutron-proton mass difference (§9.3.2): Replaced "circular loop + straight line" with flux tube arm derivation. π from SU(2) isospin rotation; +1 from chromoelectric flux tube arm to Y-junction. CP phase δ (§9.8.2): Replaced "axial-to-spherical flux ratio" with V−A vertex structure. The ratio 4/π is universal across all generation spaces because any unitary rotation lies on a great circle of S². W boson mass corrections (§9.5.1): Both NLO terms fully derived. Direct vertex α_s/(8π): C_F cancelled by non-relativistic reduction. Exchange α_s/(12π²): two vertices × Dirac-to-colour projection ratio. Charm mass (§9.13.4): Factor 4/π identified as axial-to-vector coupling ratio through V−A weak vertex. Systematic correction — QCD dressing factor: The coefficient 1/(2π) appearing in ~10 results was previously attributed to "hemisphere projection geometry." Replaced throughout: mass in the chronon framework is a U(1)_T vector gauge coupling, not a scalar Yukawa coupling. The factor 1/2 confirmed by two independent routes: (i) Dirac algebra (γ^α γ^μ γ_α = −2γ^μ vs scalar = 4); (ii) C_F cancellation by non-relativistic reduction. Label correction: CKM geometric factor (§9.8.1): "four-dimensional solid angle" corrected to "three-dimensional solid angle S² = 4π." Numbers unchanged. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ v85 Changelog (April 6 2026) — Electroweak corrections, |V_cb| prediction, consistency audit Four physics improvements and a comprehensive numerical audit, all from first principles with zero free parameters. Top quark mass (0.41% → 0.06%): The electroweak self-energy correction factor changed from (N_c+1) to (N_c−1). The factor (N_c−1) = 2 counts the charged weak boson states (W⁺, W⁻) mediating the t→b→t self-energy loop — the SU(2)_L charge-raising/lowering generators. m_t = 172,803 MeV vs observed 172,700 MeV. CKM θ₂₃ / |V_cb| prediction (1.3% → 0.3%): The framework predicts |V_cb| = 42.1 × 10⁻³, essentially identical to the PDG inclusive determination (42.2 ± 0.5) × 10⁻³ and inconsistent with the exclusive determination (39.8 ± 0.6) × 10⁻³. The inclusive/exclusive |V_cb| tension is one of the open questions in flavour physics; the framework picks a side. Falsifiable prediction. Baryon asymmetry η (0.5% → <0.1%): The sphaleron efficiency κ correction changed from α_s/(2π²) to α/(2π). The sphaleron is an SU(2)_L electroweak process; its one-loop vertex correction uses the QED coupling α/(2π), not the QCD coupling. Neutrino mass splitting Δm²₂₃ (0.3% → 0.08%): QED vacuum polarization correction −α/(2π) added to G₃ alongside the existing QCD correction +α_s/π. Sign pattern (QCD adds, QED subtracts) matches the W boson mass derivation. Numerical audit (22 corrections): Full line-by-line verification of every formula, table entry, agreement claim, and cross-reference. Corrections include: D/H value (2.62→2.58 × 10⁻⁵, 1.3σ→1.8σ — stale from pre-κ η); He-4 agreement (0.5σ→0.7σ); z_
This preprint presents a speculative but internally consistent framework in which time is not treated as a fundamental dimension, but as an emergent ordering imposed by finite-capacity state transitions in space. Space is modeled as a discrete lattice of single-occupancy units, each capable of holding exactly one state and transitioning at a bounded rate. Within this model, apparent motion corresponds to pattern propagation rather than physical transport, the relativistic speed limit emerges as a throughput constraint, time dilation follows from update contention, and gravity arises from persistent local saturation of update capacity. Black holes correspond to permanent queue saturation. The framework is further extended to core quantum phenomena, interpreting entanglement, superposition, and measurement as consequences of shared scheduling constraints and pending state resolution rather than non-local information transfer or hidden variables. The work is intended as a foundations-level proposal designed to provoke critical analysis and identify failure modes, rather than as a completed physical theory. Keywords: time, spacetime, information theory, quantum foundations, relativity, gravity, entropy, causality, discrete spacetime, computational models of physics
In the paper on the origin of gravitation, we postulated separately that Hilbert space and space are granular with one universal granularity L, extending Palmer's Rational Quantum Mechanics. We derived Newton's constant and Einstein's equations, and pinned L at two scales, galactic and cosmological. Here the two axioms become one postulate: a quantum state is a record of marks, one at each cell of a ring of L Planck cells. Its fraction m/L of +1 marks is a Born probability and its cyclic position a phase, one step of phase being one cell, a full turn one circuit. The ring is the register of the title. Placing the ring on a great circle of the cosmological horizon, as before, gives L = 2πR_Λ/ℓ_P ≈ 6×10⁶¹. Momentum is quantized at ħ/R_Λ; a state spread over all 2^N outcomes of N qubits needs cells for each, 2^N ≤ L, at most ⌊log₂ L⌋ = 205, whatever realizes them. Along a direction, light moves one cell per tick, velocity is v/c = 2m/L − 1, and matter at rest reverses every quarter Compton period, its clock Palmer's hidden global phase; several particles in several planes need three dimensions, built elsewhere. Predictions: the qubit ceiling, a random circuit and its inverse failing beyond 205 logical qubits, constant Λ, no energy-dependent light speed, and, unlike collapse models, no intrinsic matter-wave decoherence.v4: The postulate's hidden-phase clause no longer sets the origin of a record's phase at its creation, an event the dynamics does not contain; it states only that the phase's advance is never compared with another record's and that the dynamics does not expose it. The same deletion is made in Sec. II and in Sec. VIII. The abstract is rewritten to stand on its own. No result changes.v3: The postulate is restated as an operator: one notch is a translation by one Planck length, Palmer's step being what it does to the slowest wave. The capacity criterion is corrected to 2^N ≤ L, N_max = 205, Palmer's log2 L; the bit count giving 212 never binds, and the bound is on independently specified probabilities, not particle number. Added: the lattice dispersion of the tick; the scope, free dynamics exact in any plane, position in cells one-dimensional; the qubit ceiling as a mirror-circuit test.
Abstract For over a century, theoretical physics has treated General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics as fundamentally incompatible: one posits a continuous, deterministic spacetime manifold; the other, a discrete, probabilistic Hilbert space. The Algorithmic Reality Model (ARM) resolves this schism by identifying a single computational mechanism—the Zeno Threshold (Zα)—as the universal bound governing both quantum collapse and spacetime geometry. ARM treats physical reality as the macroscopic projection of a finite-bandwidth computational substrate operating on a timeless, pre-geometric state (the Singleton). By enforcing Landauer's principle of irreversible erasure, ARM derives the entirety of the gravitational sector from seven pre-geometric, quantum informational axioms. Key Derivations & Unifications Emergent Spacetime: Spatial geometry emerges from the Quantum Fisher Information Metric (QFIM) of the observer's state space, while time emerges from the Tomita-Takesaki modular flow. The Lorentzian signature (-,+,+,+) is algebraically forced by the compact/non-compact structure of their isometry generators. The Holographic Scalar (The 3→1 Unification): Applying the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem to the holographic boundary yields the exact Bekenstein-Hawking factor of 1/4 as a universal 2D anti-aliasing limit. This simultaneously fixes the area-law coefficient and structurally derives Newton's constant as G = c3ξmin2 / ℏ. Systematic Boundary Deviations: The framework quantitatively resolves macroscopic anomalies as computational resolution limits. Dark energy emerges as the minimum Landauer maintenance cost of the cosmological event horizon, and the MOND acceleration scale (a0) emerges as a thermodynamic noise floor, algebraically locked by the structural identity a02 = (8πG/3)ρΛ. Thermodynamic State Truncation: Wavefunction collapse, the black hole information paradox, and EPR non-locality are rigorously unified as manifestations of the computational substrate's finite Landauer memory budget. Computational Computability Because ARM is built on discrete informational axioms rather than continuous manifolds, the entire framework is natively computable. The structural derivations in this paper—including emergent geodesic lensing, the Bekenstein-Hawking threshold, and the MOND noise floor—have been explicitly verified via sparse Hermitian lattice simulations. The complete open-source computational validation suite is available at: github.com/srdrymn/algorithmic-reality-model-validations This manuscript represents the master synthesis and culmination of the Algorithmic Theory of Reality (ATR) foundational framework.
Modern theoretical physics rests on two highly successful but conceptually distinct frameworks: quantum mechanics and general relativity. While both theories are experimentally confirmed to high precision within their respective domains, they rely on fundamentally different starting points. General relativity takes spacetime as a primitive geometric structure, whereas quantum mechanics is formulated in terms of abstract state spaces without intrinsic spacetime meaning. Most approaches to quantum gravity attempt to reconcile this tension by modifying, quantizing, or discretizing spacetime itself. Even in approaches where spacetime is said to be “emergent,” it typically remains the primary conceptual backdrop on which physical processes are defined. Despite extensive efforts, there is no consensus on whether spacetime should be regarded as fundamental or derivative. In this work, a more radical starting point is explored. Rather than modifying spacetime or its geometry, we ask whether spacetime can be excluded entirely from the fundamental layer of the theory and recovered only at a later, operational stage. The central question is not how spacetime behaves, but whether the notion of “what lies between physical objects” must be spatial or temporal at the most fundamental level. We propose a framework—referred to here as Super Relativity (SR)—based on a single pre-geometric postulate: the existence of a monotonically expanding set of possible quantum configurations, referred to as the flux. Formally, this flux is represented as a monotone, σ-finite family of capacity measures on a common configuration space (introduced in Section 2). This postulate deliberately refrains from assuming spacetime, time ordering, metric structure, causality, or dynamics. Within this pre-geometric core, two derived, dimensionless notions are introduced: utilization, describing the realization of configurations, and saturation, defined as the ratio between utilized and available configurations. A central structural element of SR is the strict separation between a core layer and an interface layer. In the core layer, all quantities are pre-geometric and dimensionless, and no reference is made to space, time, motion, energy, or interaction. Only at the interface layer are operational notions introduced, including clocks, rulers, and signal propagation. Spacetime, in this construction, is not a dynamical entity but an effective bookkeeping structure that encodes relative rates of change once a calibration to physical units is performed. Within this framework, gravitational phenomena do not originate from spacetime curvature taken as fundamental. Instead, they arise from variations in saturation that, at the interface level, manifest as uniform rescalings of physical processes. When expressed in geometric language, these rescalings reproduce the standard predictions of general relativity, including gravitational time dilation and the equivalence between gravitation and acceleration. The invariant local speed of light is not postulated but follows as a derived consequence, since both clock rates and signal propagation are affected identically by the same underlying saturation mechanism. The aim of this paper is not to introduce new empirical predictions beyond those of general relativity, nor to present a complete theory of quantum gravity. Rather, the objective is foundational: to demonstrate that the mathematical structure of general relativity can be reconstructed from a single pre-geometric postulate without assuming spacetime as part of the fundamental ontology. In this sense, SR should be understood as a reconstruction and reinterpretation of known physics, rather than as a competing dynamical theory. An extended and fully explicit formulation of the framework, including all intermediate steps, is available in a companion preprint (version V12) deposited on Zenodo. The present paper restricts itself to the minimal conceptual and mathematical structure required to establish logical consistency and to demonstrate the emergence of general-relativistic behavior at the interface level.