In this paper, we study single slit and double slit diffraction using theory, experiment and simulation. The aim of this study is to understand the behaviour of light subjected to different conditions and also try to relate it with the concept of Maya from Indian philosophy. In the experiments, sodium light is used to observe diffraction patterns. We also study how different parameters like slit width, wavelength, intensity and distance between slits influence the pattern. The results show that light behaves like a wave in diffraction. In quantum mechanics experiments, it also behaves like a particle when observed. This idea is compared with the concept of Maya, where reality depends on observation. The study shows that there is some similarity between modern physics and ancient Indian philosophy.
In this paper, we study single slit and double slit diffraction using theory, experiment and simulation. The aim of this study is to understand the behaviour of light subjected to different conditions and also try to relate it with the concept of Maya from Indian philosophy. In the experiments, sodium light is used to observe diffraction patterns. We also study how different parameters like slit width, wavelength, intensity and distance between slits influence the pattern. The results show that light behaves like a wave in diffraction. In quantum mechanics experiments, it also behaves like a particle when observed. This idea is compared with the concept of Maya, where reality depends on observation. The study shows that there is some similarity between modern physics and ancient Indian philosophy.
Feynman (1956) called the double slit experiment "a phenomenon […] has in it the heart of quantum mechanics. In reality, it contains the only mystery". Penrose (2022) states that “the current quantum mechanics […] is an inconsistent theory”. To study the mystery, explore the nature of light, and test Penrose’s statement, we experimentally show, for the first time, Four Novel Phenomena that are also new mysteries. Single slit Parallel double slit Non-parallel double slit Curved double slit (1) in the same double slit experiment, within macroscopic distances from the diaphragm, the patterns are non-interference and then, gradually evolve to the orthogonal interference patterns; (2) in the same single slit experiment, within macroscopic distances from diaphragm, the patterns are non-diffraction and then, gradually evolve to the orthogonal diffraction patterns; (3) in the non-parallel-double-slits experiment, within macroscopic distances from diaphragm, we observe non-wave pattern and then, which gradually evolve to the hybrid patterns, namely the interference pattern embedded in the diffraction patterns; the hybrid patterns depend on the angle between two slits; (4) Curved-double slit produces non-wave pattern, then gradually evolve to Arc-interference pattern, and then, gradually evolving to Point-symmetry interference pattern. In order to show the universality of each of Four Novel Phenomena, we performed several experiments for each of Four Novel Phenomena. The differences between the single slit, parallel-double slit, non-parallel-double slit and Curved-double slit do not seem so suggestive. However, the patterns are unexpectedly fundamentally different. To consistently/completely explain above Four Novel Phenomena is the challenge to the existing wave theories. The new experimental phenomena support Penrose’s statement. Advances in physical optical experiments demand a consistent/complete theory.
Feynman (1956) called the double slit experiment "a phenomenon […] has in it the heart of quantum mechanics. In reality, it contains the only mystery". Penrose (2022) states that “the current quantum mechanics […] is an inconsistent theory”. To study the mystery, explore the nature of light, and test Penrose’s statement, we experimentally show, for the first time, Four Novel Phenomena that are also new mysteries. Single slit Parallel double slit Non-parallel double slit Curved double slit (1) in the same double slit experiment, within macroscopic distances from the diaphragm, the patterns are non-interference and then, gradually evolve to the orthogonal interference patterns; (2) in the same single slit experiment, within macroscopic distances from diaphragm, the patterns are non-diffraction and then, gradually evolve to the orthogonal diffraction patterns; (3) in the non-parallel-double-slits experiment, within macroscopic distances from diaphragm, we observe non-wave pattern and then, which gradually evolve to the hybrid patterns, namely the interference pattern embedded in the diffraction patterns; the hybrid patterns depend on the angle between two slits; (4) Curved-double slit produces non-wave pattern, then gradually evolve to Arc-interference pattern, and then, gradually evolving to Point-symmetry interference pattern. In order to show the universality of each of Four Novel Phenomena, we performed several experiments for each of Four Novel Phenomena. The differences between the single slit, parallel-double slit, non-parallel-double slit and Curved-double slit do not seem so suggestive. However, the patterns are unexpectedly fundamentally different. To consistently/completely explain above Four Novel Phenomena is the challenge to the existing wave theories. The new experimental phenomena support Penrose’s statement. Advances in physical optical experiments demand a consistent/complete theory.
At present, the theory of light diffraction only has the simple wave-optical approach. In this paper, we study light diffraction with the relativistic quantum theory approach. We find that the slit length, slit width, slit thickness and wavelength of light affect the diffraction intensity and form of diffraction pattern. However, the effect of slit thickness on the diffraction pattern cannot be explained by wave-optical approach, but it can be explained in quantum theory. We compare the theoretical results with single- and multiple-slits experimental data, and find the theoretical results are in accordance with the experimental data. In addition, we give some theory predictions. We think all new predictions will be tested by the light diffraction experiment.
Feynman (1956) called the double slit experiment "a phenomenon […] has in it the heart of quantum mechanics. In reality, it contains the only mystery". Penrose (2022) states that “the current quantum mechanics […] is an inconsistent theory”. To study the mystery, explore the nature of light, and test Penrose’s statement, we experimentally show, for the first time, Four Novel Phenomena that are also new mysteries. Single slit Parallel double slit Non-parallel double slit Curved double slit (1) in the same double slit experiment, within macroscopic distances from the diaphragm, the patterns are non-interference and then, gradually evolve to the orthogonal interference patterns; (2) in the same single slit experiment, within macroscopic distances from diaphragm, the patterns are non-diffraction and then, gradually evolve to the orthogonal diffraction patterns; (3) in the non-parallel-double-slits experiment, within macroscopic distances from diaphragm, we observe non-wave pattern and then, which gradually evolve to the hybrid patterns, namely the interference pattern embedded in the diffraction patterns; the hybrid patterns depend on the angle between two slits; (4) Curved-double slit produces non-wave pattern, then gradually evolve to Arc-interference pattern, and then, gradually evolving to Point-symmetry interference pattern. In order to show the universality of each of Four Novel Phenomena, we performed several experiments for each of Four Novel Phenomena. The differences between the single slit, parallel-double slit, non-parallel-double slit and Curved-double slit do not seem so suggestive. However, the patterns are unexpectedly fundamentally different. To consistently/completely explain above Four Novel Phenomena is the challenge to the existing wave theories. The new experimental phenomena support Penrose’s statement. Advances in physical optical experiments demand a consistent/complete theory.
Abstract Objective Modern understanding of light has fluctuated between particle and wave theory. The classic double slit experiment provided crucial support of wave theory with its description of wave interference fringe patterns. To our knowledge, no significant study has been performed on light propagation in free space after exiting the slit. To further understand the double slit results we analyzed light behavior in free space using novel visualization techniques.Methods A micro-particle environment was developed that remained transparent to visible light. Coherent light was observed in this environment in settings of diffraction, refraction, and reflection.Results Experimental generation of distinct light strands after diffraction through double slits is visualized. Definitive images of discrete light strands, not waves, were noted as light propagated through free space. Light strands were visualized directly creating the pseudo-interference fringe pattern, refuting the concept of wave interference.Conclusions Novel generation and visualization of light strands confirms the particle theory of light and counters two hundred years of wave doctrine. The finding that diffractive fringe patterns and other observations of light are due to the phenomena of discrete radiating strands, not wave interference, will have implications in physics, quantum mechanics, and technology.
Young's double-slit experiment is a classic and fundamentaldemonstration in physics that strongly supports the wave nature of light throughthe phenomenon of interference. The study aims to deeply analyze the formationof diffraction and interference patterns of light that arise due to the pathdifferences between two coherent light sources. The experiment uses a simple yeteffective setup involving a monochromatic light source, two narrow slits placedclose together, and a screen placed at a certain distance to capture the resultinginterference pattern. Several variables are analyzed in the study, including thewavelength of the light used,the distance between two gaps and the distance fromone gap to anotherThe experimental results confirm the occurrence ofconstructive and destructive interference, resulting in the formation of stripesmoving from bright to dark in the layer. These stripes arise due to the phasedifference between overlapping light waves, and their spacing and clarity areaffected by the physical parameters of the setup. The analysis shows that thespacing between the stripes increases with longer wavelengths and decreases withwider slit spacing. In addition, the cohesion of the light source plays an importantrole in producing a clear and stable interference pattern. This experiment not onlyserves as a concrete verification of the theoretical wave principle in physics, butalso has broader implications in modern optical technologies such as diffractiongratings, holography, and quantum mechanics. This experiment is also relevantfor educational purposes because it provides an experiential learning opportunityfor students to understand the behavior of light and wave interactions. Therefore,this study is expected to be a useful reference in supporting the teaching andlearning of wave optics, especially in demonstrating the dual nature of light andits applications in real-world phenomena.