We establish a precise mathematical correspondence between the classification of quantum CSS stabilizer codes and the Kodaira-Neron classification of elliptic curves over p-adic fields. The stabilizer lattice of a CSS code defines a filtered (phi,N)-module over Q_p whose reduction type determines the code's error-correcting properties. We verify this classification across 7 code families (100% agreement on KN Propositions 3.1-3.7), present the first explicit construction of a semistable non-crystalline code from the Shor 9-qubit stabilizer monodromy, and catalogue 26 conjectures spanning code distance estimates via Hasse-Weil zeta functions, ultrametric tree structures in error syndromes, and Yamada (1969) weight calibration.