Detection of Prior Conscious Observation With Subliminal Priming: Exploratory Evidence Across Alternative Stimulus Designs and a Pooled Analysis of Six Experiments

Abstract

This article reports two new experiments designed to test the Consciousness Causes Collapse (CCC) interpretation of quantum mechanics via a subliminal priming paradigm. A radioactive source was used to determine stimulus primes. Reaction times were compared across two conditions: one in which primes were previously observed by a conscious agent and another in which they remained shielded from observation. The CCC model predicts that unobserved primes will persist in superposition, thereby diminishing their subsequent priming effect. These new data collections were conducted as exploratory extensions to test alternative stimulus designs: an "X vs. blank" format and a "parallel vs. perpendicular" design. Both configurations demonstrated a descriptive attenuation of the priming effect in the unobserved condition (a 59% reduction for X vs blank; a 40% reduction for parallel vs perpendicular), with the effect reaching statistical significance in the latter design. Finally, the two new datasets were combined with four previously published experiments in a pooled analysis across six experiments. This analysis revealed a significant interaction: observed primes were associated with larger priming effects than unobserved primes (p = 1.9 × 10⁻6). This pattern is consistent with predictions derived from the CCC interpretation of quantum mechanics, although independent replication is required to determine robustness and generalizability.