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International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC)

Post-Quantum Cryptography Benchmarking and Crypto-Agile Migration for Quantum-Resilient Network Security

Saoud AlAbdulla, Mustafa Al Samara, Okba Ben Atia, Ismail Bennis, Bouziane Brik

Published Jun 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1109/iwcmc69287.2026.11579854

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The transition to post-quantum cryptography presents enterprises with a complex systems-engineering challenge extending beyond algorithm replacement. Transport Layer Security, public key infrastructure, virtual private networks, cloud-native platforms, identity services, and machine-to-machine communications depend on interconnected cryptographic libraries, certificates, protocols, hardware modules, policies, and vendor products. This review examines crypto-agile migration to hybrid post-quantum cryptography, where classical and quantum-resistant mechanisms are combined to preserve established assurance while emerging algorithms and implementations mature. It develops a migration-oriented taxonomy covering cryptographic discovery, dependency mapping, hybrid key establishment, composite authentication, certificate lifecycle management, protocol negotiation, performance optimization, interoperability testing, and operational governance. Particular attention is given to larger keys, ciphertexts, and signatures; handshake fragmentation; certificate-chain expansion; hardware acceleration; legacy compatibility; downgrade resistance; and observability across distributed environments. The review compares migration requirements in enterprise TLS, PKI, remote-access and site-to-site VPNs, service meshes, API gateways, container platforms, serverless services, secrets systems, and multicloud infrastructures. It also analyzes staged deployment patterns, including inventory-first modernization, proxy-based termination, dual certificates, hybrid tunnels, algorithm-policy abstraction, and controlled fallback. Evaluation criteria integrate security, interoperability, latency, throughput, bandwidth, memory, certificate issuance, operational resilience, and rollback readiness. The findings indicate that successful migration depends on treating cryptography as a continuously governed enterprise capability rather than a fixed protocol configuration. The paper concludes by identifying gaps in standardization, automated discovery, cross-vendor testing, cryptographic telemetry, constrained-device support, and lifecycle evidence, providing organizations with a structured foundation for prioritized, reversible, and verifiable post-quantum transformation across heterogeneous digital services. Keywords: Crypto-Agility, Hybrid Cryptography, Post-Quantum Cryptography, Public Key Infrastructure, Quantum-Safe Migration, Transport Layer Security.

Gulf Journal of Computer Sciences•Aug 2, 2026•0 citations
Public-key cryptography protects key establishment, authentication, software integrity and trust relationships across the optical transport and IP/MPLS networks that carry U.S. critical-infrastructure communications. A sufficiently capable quantum computer would break the widely deployed algorithms on which these protections rest. This study investigates how such networks can migrate to post-quantum cryptography (PQC) without disrupting operational communications, and how they can be made crypto-agile so that future algorithm changes are routine instead of exceptional.
New Challenges in Post-Quantum Cryptography presents a system-level perspective on the transition to post-quantum cryptography. Developed within the MSCA DN-ID QUARC consortium, the book examines how quantum computing challenges the security assumptions underlying modern cryptographic systems and explores the implications for communication networks, computing infrastructures, and digital trust frameworks. The book introduces the foundations of classical and post-quantum cryptography, discusses the quantum threat model, and examines migration strategies, hybrid cryptographic approaches, and crypto-agile system design. Particular attention is given to the deployment of post-quantum cryptography in networking environments, including protocols such as TLS, IPsec, and MACsec, as well as issues related to performance, scalability, hardware acceleration, virtualization, and secure communication infrastructures. Combining theoretical foundations with practical deployment considerations, the book explores how quantum-resilient security can be integrated into modern computing and communication infrastructures.
The transition to post-quantum cryptography presents enterprises with a complex systems-engineering challenge extending beyond algorithm replacement. Transport Layer Security, public key infrastructure, virtual private networks, cloud-native platforms, identity services, and machine-to-machine communications depend on interconnected cryptographic libraries, certificates, protocols, hardware modules, policies, and vendor products. This review examines crypto-agile migration to hybrid post-quantum cryptography, where classical and quantum-resistant mechanisms are combined to preserve established assurance while emerging algorithms and implementations mature. It develops a migration-oriented taxonomy covering cryptographic discovery, dependency mapping, hybrid key establishment, composite authentication, certificate lifecycle management, protocol negotiation, performance optimization, interoperability testing, and operational governance. Particular attention is given to larger keys, ciphertexts, and signatures; handshake fragmentation; certificate-chain expansion; hardware acceleration; legacy compatibility; downgrade resistance; and observability across distributed environments. The review compares migration requirements in enterprise TLS, PKI, remote-access and site-to-site VPNs, service meshes, API gateways, container platforms, serverless services, secrets systems, and multicloud infrastructures. It also analyzes staged deployment patterns, including inventory-first modernization, proxy-based termination, dual certificates, hybrid tunnels, algorithm-policy abstraction, and controlled fallback. Evaluation criteria integrate security, interoperability, latency, throughput, bandwidth, memory, certificate issuance, operational resilience, and rollback readiness. The findings indicate that successful migration depends on treating cryptography as a continuously governed enterprise capability rather than a fixed protocol configuration. The paper concludes by identifying gaps in standardization, automated discovery, cross-vendor testing, cryptographic telemetry, constrained-device support, and lifecycle evidence, providing organizations with a structured foundation for prioritized, reversible, and verifiable post-quantum transformation across heterogeneous digital services. Keywords: Crypto-Agility, Hybrid Cryptography, Post-Quantum Cryptography, Public Key Infrastructure, Quantum-Safe Migration, Transport Layer Security.