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Temporal-Path Accessibility as a Hypothesis for Quantum Behavior and Tunneling

Keith Wayne Griffiths

Published Jun 13, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This preprint introduces the Temporal Path Accessibility Hypothesis, a speculative but falsifiable proposal in quantum foundations. The central idea is that quantum behavior may depend not only on a particle’s present measurable state, but also on the range of spacetime histories that remain physically accessible to it. The manuscript applies this idea to wave particle duality, measurement, and quantum tunneling. It proposes that measurement or environmental interaction may restrict a particle into a definite spacetime relationship with the measuring system, while unmeasured quantum behavior may reflect access to multiple compatible spacetime path states. A specific experimental contrast is proposed: particles created inside a confined barrier are compared with particles loaded into the same barrier from outside, while attempting to prepare both groups into identical measurable quantum states. Standard quantum mechanics predicts identical tunneling probabilities if the quantum state, Hamiltonian, boundary conditions, and measurement protocol are the same. Temporal Path Accessibility predicts that tunneling may differ if accessible spacetime histories are physically relevant. The goal of this manuscript is not to replace quantum mechanics, but to frame a philosophical intuition about time, space, and quantum behavior as a narrow experimental question.

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.20685109

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This work presents a unified, interpretive account of quantum interference and delayed-choice experiments that applies equally to photons and massive particles. Rather than invoking spacetime trajectories, wave–particle duality, retrocausality, or collapse postulates, the paper locates quantum interference in the coherent evolution of internal, pre-geometric degrees of freedom defined over classical spacetime. Within this framework, “which-path” questions are not merely unanswered but fundamentally ill-posed: interference arises from global coherence of an internal field subject to experimental boundary conditions, while spacetime itself remains single-valued and classical at laboratory scales. The approach reproduces all standard quantum-mechanical predictions without modification and is explicitly interpretive rather than predictive. A central result is a unified explanation of why interference occurs across disparate physical systems—photons, electrons, atoms, and molecules—while decoherence manifests through system-dependent physical mechanisms. Photons and massive particles differ in how internal coherence is lost (e.g., electromagnetic absorption versus collisional and thermal interactions), but not in the underlying principle. Delayed-choice experiments are reinterpreted without paradox: changes to the apparatus modify boundary conditions for the internal field rather than retroactively altering particle histories. By removing spacetime paths from the fundamental ontology, the framework offers a consistent, path-free account of interference, decoherence, and localized detection that preserves the empirical success of quantum mechanics while clarifying its conceptual foundations.
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It is argued that there is a sensible way to define conditional probabilities in quantum mechanics, assuming only Bayes's theorem and standard quantum theory. These probabilities are equivalent to the ``weak measurement'' predictions due to Aharonov, Albert, and Vaidman [Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 1351 (1988)] and hence describe the outcomes of real measurements made on subensembles. In particular, this approach is used to address the question of the history of a particle that has tunneled across a barrier. A gedanken experiment is presented to demonstrate the physically testable implications of the results of these calculations, along with graphs of the time evolution of the conditional probability distribution for a tunneling particle and for one undergoing allowed transmission. Numerical results are also presented for the effects of loss in a band-gap medium on transmission and on reflection, as a function of the position of the lossy region; such loss should provide a feasible, though indirect, test of the present conclusions. It is argued that the effects of loss on the pulse delay time are related to the imaginary value of the momentum of a tunneling particle and it is suggested that this might help explain a small discrepancy in an earlier experiment.
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We propose a novel interpretation of quantum mechanics based on the hypothesis that quantum entities possess two ontologically distinct components—particle and wave—that couple to spacetime through fundamentally different mechanisms. The particle component interacts with spacetime through conventional local, causal coupling, while the wave component exists on a topological plane structurally linked to spacetime's global geometric properties. This dual-mode coupling framework offers intuitive explanations for wave-particle duality, measurement-induced decoherence, quantum interference, and non-local correlations without invoking wavefunction collapse or observer-dependent reality. We outline the conceptual foundations, discuss how this framework resolves longstanding quantum paradoxes, and propose potential experimental tests.
In this article, we propose a resolution to the paradox of apparent superluminal velocities for tunneling particles, by a careful treatment of temporal observables in quantum theory and through a precise application of the duality between particles and waves. To this end, we employ a new method for constructing probabilities associated to quantum time measurements that provides an explicit link between the tunneling time of particles and the associated quantum fields. We demonstrate that the idea of faster-than-light speeds in tunneling follows from an inadmissible use of classical reasoning in the description of quantum systems. Our results suggest that direct measurements of the transit time in tunneling could provide a new testing ground for the predictions of quantum theory versus local hidden-variables theories.