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Acta Physica Sinica

Antiferromagnetic and thermodynamic properties of the three-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model

HE Yuanyao

Published Jan 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

在凝聚态物理领域, 费米-哈伯德模型是描述相互作用多电子体系的重要基础模型, 与关联电子材料中的量子磁性和高温超导等量子多体现象有着深刻联系. 相较于研究较多的二维体系, 三维费米-哈伯德模型的相关探索仍显不足. 近年来, 随着其有限温反铁磁相变在超冷原子光晶格实验中被成功实现, 该三维模型正逐渐引起越来越多的关注. 本文简略介绍国内外研究组在三维费米-哈伯德模型理论研究中的主要进展, 分析其对理解强关联电子体系基础物理性质的意义, 并讨论该模型中若干值得关注的重要问题.

DOI
10.7498/aps.75.20260603

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在凝聚态物理领域, 费米-哈伯德模型是描述相互作用多电子体系的重要基础模型, 与关联电子材料中的量子磁性和高温超导等量子多体现象有着深刻联系. 相较于研究较多的二维体系, 三维费米-哈伯德模型的相关探索仍显不足. 近年来, 随着其有限温反铁磁相变在超冷原子光晶格实验中被成功实现, 该三维模型正逐渐引起越来越多的关注. 本文简略介绍国内外研究组在三维费米-哈伯德模型理论研究中的主要进展, 分析其对理解强关联电子体系基础物理性质的意义, 并讨论该模型中若干值得关注的重要问题.
The Hubbard model at temperatures above the Néel transition, despite being a paramagnet, can exhibit rich physics due to the interplay of Fermi surface, on-site interaction U and thermal fluctuations. Nevertheless, the understanding of the crossover physics remains only at a qualitative level, because of the intrinsically smooth behavior. Employing an improved variant of the numerically exact auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo algorithm equipped with numerical analytic continuation, we obtain a broad variety of thermodynamic and dynamical properties of the three-dimensional Hubbard model at half filling, quantitatively determine the crossover boundaries, and observe that the metal-insulator crossover regime, in which antiferromagnetic spin correlations appear strongest, exists over an extended regime in between the Fermi liquid for small U and the Mott insulator for large U. In particular, the location of the most rapid suppression of double occupancy as U increases, is found to fully reside in the metallic Fermi liquid regime, in contrast to the conventional intuition that it is a representative feature for entering the Mott insulator. Beside providing a reliable methodology for numerical study of crossover physics, our work can also serve as a timely and important guideline for the most recent optical lattice experiments.
The dynamical cluster approximation (DCA) with Betts clusters is used to calculate the antiferromagnetic phase diagram of the three-dimensional Hubbard model at half-filling. Betts clusters are a set of periodic clusters which best reflect the properties of the lattice in the thermodynamic limit and provide an optimal finite-size scaling as a function of cluster size. Using a systematic finite-size scaling as a function of cluster space-time dimensions, we calculate the antiferromagnetic phase diagram. Our results are qualitatively consistent with the results of Staudt et al. [Eur. Phys. J. B 17, 411 (2000)], but require the use of much smaller clusters: 48 compared to 1000.